The effect of the Mid-Day Meal programme on the longitudinal physical growth from childhood to adolescence in India

This is the final version. Available on open access from Public Library of Science via the DOI in this recordData Availability: The Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) data repository retains all the Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS) datasets that were utilised in this study. The data can be accessed at https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/DSDR/series/507. Additional information about the IHDS project is available on the https://ihds.umd.edu website.The study aims to examine the effect of the world's largest school-feeding programme, the Mid-Day Meal (MDM) programme, on the changes in the underweight prevalence among school-children in India. Data from the Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS) Rounds 1 (2004-05) and 2 (2011-12) were utilized. The sample included individual-level information of children aged 6 to 9 years in IHDS-1 who then turned 13 to 16 years in IHDS-2. The sample was categorised into four groups based on their MDM consumption history (Group 1: no MDM support in IHDS-1 and IHDS-2, Group 2: MDM support in IHDS-1, Group 3: MDM support in IHDS-2, Group 4: persistent MDM support in IHDS-1 and IHDS-2). The dependent variable was underweight status as defined by the World Health Organisation Child Growth Standards Body Mass Index for age (BMI Z-score) < -2 SD of the median. Bivariate analysis was used to examine the prevalence of underweight and establish associations between underweight status and socio-demographic characteristics. Logistic regression was performed to assess the strength of the association of socio-demographic characteristics and MDM consumption patterns with underweight across poor and non-poor asset groups. The findings suggest that early and persistent MDM support among respondents reduced the likelihood of low BMI Z-scores compared to those without MDM support. Respondents from the poor asset group who received MDM support in at least one of the two survey rounds had higher odds of being underweight in comparison with those who did not receive MDM support at all. Girls and adolescents residing in the Eastern region of India were less likely to be underweight. The study shows that the MDM programme was effective in reducing the rate of underweight among school children. However, continuous programme upscaling with a special focus on children from poor households will significantly benefit India's school-aged children.UK Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS)UKRIIndian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR)British Counci

Comparative Antibacterial Study of Different Extracts of Nyctanthes Arbortristis

Nyctanthes arbortristis (N. Arbortristis) is one of the most useful traditional medicinal plant in India. The present review is to focus on the potential of phyto-chemicals and pharmacological activity of plant N. Arbortristis. Phyto-chemicals like flavanoid, glycoside, oleanic acid, essential oils, tannic acid, carotene, friedeline, lupeol, glucose, benzoic acid have been reported for significant hair tonic, hepatoprotective, anti-leishmaniasis, anti-viral, antifungal, anti-pyretic, anti-histaminic, anti-malerial, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities of night jasmine and emphasizes the need for further exploring available information. The aqueous extract was prepared using distilled water by decoction method. The dilutions of ethyl acetate, ethanolic, methanolic and chloroform extracts of Nyctanthes arbortristis was poured in the well with the help of sterile syringe needle in each, petri plate were placed in a refrigerator for 5 minutes to allow diffusion; later the petri plates were incubated in inverted position at 37° C for 24 hours in incubator, after 24 hours, the zone of inhibition was observed and diameter in mm was measured and recorded. This study represents that chloroform extract give higher zone of inhibition that is 15mm. Methanolic extract gives 14mm, ethanolic and ethyl acetate give 11 mm and 12mm respectively. Lowest zone of inhibition form by aqueous extract forms 10 mm. From this study, it can be concluded that chloroform extract gives better zone of inhibition comparing with ethyl acetate, ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous extract of Nyctanthes arbortristis

Case Study on Patient Profile of Renal Failure

Identification and selection of patient suffering from Renal Failure- To explore the patient treatment for renal failure, its catogries either acute or chronic, then to study about the haematological, renal or biochemical profile of the patient and the family history. The detailed study about the pathological test performed by the patient.  Then, the medications administered to the patient. The future treatment to be carried out either dialysis or kidney transplantation

Effect of polar dopants on structure of emission spectrum of crystalline anthracene powders

1383-1387The effect of polar dopants on the spectral properties of crystalline anthracene is studied as a function of concentration by steady state fluorescence spectroscopy. The dopant is a fluorescent 9-vinylanthracene. The incorporation of the dopant not only quenches the fluorescence but also changes the structure of emission of anthracene. The higher dopant concentration induces significant enhancement in the intensity of low energy (0←1) vibronic band at the expense of high energy (0←0) band and wavelength of maximum emissions is shifted from 427 nm to 446 nm. The characteristic monomer and excimer emission of dopant are not observed even at higher concentration in the fluorescence spectra of doped anthracene. This observation rules out the possibility of excitation energy transfer from anthracene to dopant molecule. The shift in structure of emission of anthracene has been attributed to the local electric field generated by the polar dopant which is acting across the anthracene molecule and induces the changes both in the molecular vibrational levels and in transition dipoles. This effect is similar to solid state solvation effect and favors transition to the higher vibrational level of the ground state

Structural and photophysical aspects of perylene- doped anthracene crystalline powders prepared by microwave heating

1642-1648The microwave assisted polycrystalline luminophors of anthracene have been prepared by addition of varying amounts of perylene dopant. The crystallanity and homogeneity of mixed crystals have been examined by scanning electron microscopy. The structural parameters such as grain size, microstrain, dislocation density and stacking fault in mixed crystal growth have been estimated as a function of perylene concentration. The mixed crystalline powders are fine grained. Increase in stacking fault indicates closely packed stacked structure of perylene-doped anthracene. The fluorescence studies show quenching of monomer fluorescence of anthracene by perylene dopant. Higher concentration of perylene generates exciplex in the excited state, which is observed in the form of a broad, structureless, red shifted band. The fluorescence quenching and exciplex formation have been explained on the basis of excitation energy transfer and molecular interaction between anthracene and perylene. The fluorescence characteristics of mixed crystals are described using Stern-Volmer kinetics. The fluorescence results are correlated with structural parameters

In-Silico Molecular Docking in Screening of Anti-Diabetic Therapeutics from Medicinal Plants

One of the most widely spreading diseases due to several lifestyle problems in the 21st century is diabetes mellitus. The management of diabetes mellitus is very important and essential. Plants are natural reservoir of many medicinal value added components help to overcome many chronic disorders including diabetes mellitus. Herbal drugs are prescribed in treatment of diabetes mellitus due to their good effectiveness, fewer side effects in clinical experience and relatively low costs. Screening of antidiabetic therapeutics is very important and essential for effective management of diabetes mellitus. Many researchers have worked on extraction, isolation, characterization of extracts and bioactive fractions from medicinal plant also they have established profile and data of interaction of active components against various targets and enzymes of diabetes mellitus using In-silico molecular docking tools. Molecular docking is an important computational tool to predict the plausible interactions between the drug and protein in a non-covalent fashion. Extensive in silico docking procedures have been carried out to examine whether the compound is a good ligand with diabetic targets. In the present review article we have thoroughly screened research articles published in various scientific, indexed, national and international journals on In-silico molecular docking based screening of Anti-Diabetic potentials and therapeutics from medicinal plant and extensively presented

A Brief Review on Evaluation and Exploration of Antioxidant Activity of Mango Ginger

Many free radicals are generates in the human body due to metabolic processes and in order to counteract the harmful effects of these antioxidants, human body has a complex system of natural enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses or mechanisms. These free radicals are mainly responsible for generation of different types of diseases and disorders. Hence protection of body against free radical is important and which can also be done by taking diet with maximum antioxidants. Naturally occurring antioxidant are very important in preventing body from various free radicals. Many medicinal plants and their extracts have been reported for potential anti-oxidant activity. Curcuma amada Roxb (Mango Ginger) is the most important genera come under the Zingiberaceae family. Chemically it has reported for the presence of wide range of phytoconstituents which include the flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins steroids, alkaloids, glycosides and essential oils. Due to presence of wide variety of phytoconstituents plant has very well traditional value reported for pharmacological significance for a variety of ailments. It effectively treats skin allergies, stomach problems, and high blood cholesterol and has been reported for antioxidant properties. In the present review work various research articles published on antioxidant activity of Mango Ginger Have been collected from various journal site and databases and explored systematicall

Octadecyltrichlorosilane-Modified Superhydrophobic-Superoleophilic Stainless Steel Mesh for Oil-Water Separation

Recently, oil-water separation has become an important topic due to its increasing commercial demand. Here, in this study, a simple technique to prepare superhydrophobic-superoleophilic mesh for oil-water separation is reported. The pre-cleaned stainless steel mesh is modified by octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODS) through solution immersion method. The modified mesh shows the water contact angle (WCA) of 158 ± 2° and oil contact angle (OCA) of 0°. The prepared superhydrophobic-superoleophilic mesh effectively separates various oils, including petrol, kerosene, diesel, vegetable oil, and coconut oil from oil–water mixtures with separation efficiency greater than 95%, and stable recyclability up to 10 cycles. In case of low viscosity oil (petrol), the modified mesh shows permeation flux of 2086.95 ± 104.34 L/(m2.h), which is higher than high viscosity oilsThis work is financially supported by DST ? INSPIRE Faculty Scheme, Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India. [DST/INSPIRE/04/2015/000281]. S.S.L. acknowledges financial assistance from the Henan University, Kaifeng, P. R. China. The authors greatly appreciate the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21950410531).Scopu