Analytic approach to axion-like-particle emission in core-collapse supernovae

We investigate the impact of a presumed axion-like-particle (ALP) emission in a core-collapse supernova explosion on neutrino luminosities and mean energies employing a relatively simple analytic description. We compute the nuclear Bremsstrahlung and Primakoff axion luminosities as functions of the protoneutron star (PNS) parameters and discuss how the ALP luminosities compete with the neutrino emission, modifying the total PNS thermal energy dissipation. Our results are publicly available in the python package ARtiSANS, which can be used to compute the neutrino and axion observables for different choices of parameters.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures; ARtiSANS code available at https://github.com/anafoguel/ARtiSANS ; v2: new section discussing the validity of the analytic approximation; matches version published at Astropart. Phy

An Introduction to Hyperbolic Barycentric Coordinates and their Applications

Barycentric coordinates are commonly used in Euclidean geometry. The adaptation of barycentric coordinates for use in hyperbolic geometry gives rise to hyperbolic barycentric coordinates, known as gyrobarycentric coordinates. The aim of this article is to present the road from Einstein's velocity addition law of relativistically admissible velocities to hyperbolic barycentric coordinates along with applications.Comment: 66 pages, 3 figure

Gyrations: The Missing Link Between Classical Mechanics with its Underlying Euclidean Geometry and Relativistic Mechanics with its Underlying Hyperbolic Geometry

Being neither commutative nor associative, Einstein velocity addition of relativistically admissible velocities gives rise to gyrations. Gyrations, in turn, measure the extent to which Einstein addition deviates from commutativity and from associativity. Gyrations are geometric automorphisms abstracted from the relativistic mechanical effect known as Thomas precession

Identification of archaeal proteins that affect the exosome function in vitro

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The archaeal exosome is formed by a hexameric RNase PH ring and three RNA binding subunits and has been shown to bind and degrade RNA <it>in vitro</it>. Despite extensive studies on the eukaryotic exosome and on the proteins interacting with this complex, little information is yet available on the identification and function of archaeal exosome regulatory factors.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here, we show that the proteins PaSBDS and PaNip7, which bind preferentially to poly-A and AU-rich RNAs, respectively, affect the <it>Pyrococcus abyssi </it>exosome activity <it>in vitro</it>. PaSBDS inhibits slightly degradation of a poly-rA substrate, while PaNip7 strongly inhibits the degradation of poly-A and poly-AU by the exosome. The exosome inhibition by PaNip7 appears to depend at least partially on its interaction with RNA, since mutants of PaNip7 that no longer bind RNA, inhibit the exosome less strongly. We also show that FITC-labeled PaNip7 associates with the exosome in the absence of substrate RNA.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Given the high structural homology between the archaeal and eukaryotic proteins, the effect of archaeal Nip7 and SBDS on the exosome provides a model for an evolutionarily conserved exosome control mechanism.</p

On peak phenomena for non-commutative H∞H^\infty

A non-commutative extension of Amar and Lederer's peak set result is given. As its simple applications it is shown that any non-commutative $H^\infty$-algebra $H^\infty(M,\tau)$ has unique predual,and moreover some restriction in some of the results of Blecher and Labuschagne are removed, making them hold in full generality.Comment: final version (the presentation of some part is revised and one reference added

A remark on totally smooth renormings

[EN] E. Oja, T. Viil, andD. Werner showed, in Totally smooth renormings, Archiv der Mathematik, 112, 3, (2019), 269-281, that a weakly compactly generated Banach space ( X, center dot) with the property that every linear functional on X has a unique Hahn-Banach extension to the bidual X ** (the so-called Phelps' property U in X **, also known as the Hahn-Banach smoothness property) can be renormed to have the stronger property that for every subspace Y of X, every linear functional on Y has a unique Hahn-Banach extension to X ** (the so-called total smoothness property of the space). We mention here that this result holds in full generality -without any restriction on the space- and in a stronger form, thanks to a result ofM. Raja, On dual locally uniformly rotund norms, Israel Journal of Mathematics 129 (2002), 77-91.Supported by AEI/FEDER (project MTM2017-83262-C2-2-P of Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad), by Fundacion Seneca, Region de Murcia (Grant 19368/PI/14), and Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (A. J. Guirao). Supported by AEI/FEDER (project MTM2017-83262-C2-1-P of Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad) and Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (V. Montesinos). We thank the referees for their work, that neatly improved the original version of this note to its final form.Cobollo, C.; Guirao Sánchez, AJ.; Montesinos Santalucia, V. (2020). A remark on totally smooth renormings. Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales Serie A Matemáticas. 114(2):1-4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-020-00831-5S141142Fabian, M., Habala, P., Hájek, P., Montesinos, V., Zizler, V.: Banach space theory: the basis of linear and nonlinear analysis. Springer, New York (2011)Fabian, M., Montesinos, V., Zizler, V.: Smoothness in Banach spaces. Selected problems. Rev. R. Acad. Cien. Ser. A. Mat. RACSAM. 100(1–2), 101–125 (2006)Ferrari, S., Orihuela, J., Raja, M.: Generalized metric properties of spheres and renorming of Banach spaces. Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fis. Natl. Ser. A Math. RACSAM. 113, 2655–2663 (2019)Foguel, S.R.: On a theorem by A. E. Taylor. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 9, 325 (1958)Godefroy, G.: Points de Namioka, espaces normants, applications à la théorie isométrique de la dualité. Israel J. Math. 38, 209–220 (1981)Guirao, A.J., Montesinos, V., Zizler, V.: Open Problems in the geometry and analysis of Banach spaces. Springer International Pub, Switzerland (2016)Harmand, P., Werner, D., Werner, W.: M-ideals in Banach spaces and Banach algebras. Lecture notes in math, vol. 1547. Springer, Berlin (1993)Haydon, R.: Locally uniformly rotund norms in Banach spaces and their duals. J. Funct. Anal. 254, 2023–2039 (2008)Oja, E., Viil, T., Werner, D.: Totally smooth renormings. Archiv. der. Mathematik. 112(3), 269–281 (2019)Phelps, R.R.: Uniqueness of Hahn–Banach extensions and unique best approximation. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 95, 238–255 (1960)Raja, M.: On dual locally uniformly rotund norms. Israel J. Math. 129, 77–91 (2002)Smith, R.J., Troyanski, S.L.: Renormings of $$C(K)$$ spaces. Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Natl. Ser. A Math. RACSAM 104(2), 375–412 (2010)Sullivan, F.: Geometrical properties determined by the higher duals of a Banach space. Illinois J. Math. 21, 315–331 (1977)Taylor, A.E.: The extension of linear functionals. Duke Math. J. 5, 538–547 (1939

Results of the engineering run of the coherent neutrino nucleus interaction experiment (CONNIE)

The CONNIE detector prototype is operating at a distance of 30 m from the core of a 3.8 GWth nuclear reactor with the goal of establishing Charge-Coupled Devices (CCD) as a new technology for the detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. We report on the results of the engineering run with an active mass of 4 g of silicon. The CCD array is described, and the performance observed during the first year is discussed. A compact passive shield was deployed around the detector, producing an order of magnitude reduction in the background rate. The remaining background observed during the run was stable, and dominated by internal contamination in the detector packaging materials. The in-situ calibration of the detector using X-ray lines from fluorescence demonstrates good stability of the readout system. The event rates with the reactor ON and OFF are compared, and no excess is observed coming from nuclear fission at the power plant. The upper limit for the neutrino event rate is set two orders of magnitude above the expectations for the standard model. The results demonstrate the cryogenic CCD-based detector can be remotely operated at the reactor site with stable noise below2 e RMS and stable background rates. The success of the engineering test provides a clear path for the upgraded 100 g detector to be deployed during 2016.Fil: Aguilar Arevalo, A.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Bertou, Xavier Pierre Louis. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Fundación José A. Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Bonifazi, C.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Butner, M.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Cancelo, G.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Castañeda Vazquez, A.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Cervantes Vergara, B.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Chavez, C. R.. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Da Motta, H.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; BrasilFil: D'Olivo, J. C.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Dos Anjos, J.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; BrasilFil: Estrada, J.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Fernández Moroni, Guillermo. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y de Computadoras. Instituto ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ford, R.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Foguel, A.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; Brasil. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Hernandez Torres, K. P.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Izraelevitch, F.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Kavner, A.. University of Michigan; Estados UnidosFil: Kilminster, B.. Universitat Zurich; SuizaFil: Kuk, K.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Lima Jr, H. P.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; BrasilFil: Makler, M.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; BrasilFil: Molina, J.. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Moreno Granados, G.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Moro, Juan Manuel. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ingeniería; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Paolini, Eduardo Emilio. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y de Computadoras. Instituto ; ArgentinaFil: Sofo Haro, Miguel Francisco. Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica. Gerencia D/area de Energia Nuclear; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tiffenberg, Javier Sebastian. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Trillaud, F.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Wagner, S.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; Brasil. Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Brasi

Harmonic analysis on the Möbius gyrogroup

In this paper we propose to develop harmonic analysis on the Poincaré ball $B_t^n$, a model of the n-dimensional real hyperbolic space. The Poincaré ball $B_t^n$ is the open ball of the Euclidean n-space $R^n$ with radius $t>0$, centered at the origin of $R^n$ and equipped with Möbius addition, thus forming a Möbius gyrogroup where Möbius addition in the ball plays the role of vector addition in $\mathbb{R}^n$. For any $t>0$ and an arbitrary parameter $\sigma \in R$ we study the $(\sigma,t)$-translation, the $( \sigma,t)$-convolution, the eigenfunctions of the $(\sigma,t)$-Laplace-Beltrami operator, the $(\sigma,t)$-Helgason Fourier transform, its inverse transform and the associated Plancherel's Theorem, which represent counterparts of standard tools, thus, enabling an effective theory of hyperbolic harmonic analysis. Moreover, when $t \rightarrow +\infty$ the resulting hyperbolic harmonic analysis on $B_t^n$ tends to the standard Euclidean harmonic analysis on $R^n$, thus unifying hyperbolic and Euclidean harmonic analysis. As an application we construct diffusive wavelets on $B_t^n$

The anti-Parkinsonian drug selegiline delays the nucleation phase of α-synuclein aggregation leading to the formation of nontoxic species

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the formation of intraneuronal inclusions called Lewy bodies, which are composed mainly of α-synuclein (α-syn). Selegiline (Sel) is a noncompetitive monoamino oxidase B inhibitor that has neuroprotective effects and has been administered to PD patients as monotherapy or in combination with l-dopa. Besides its known effect of increasing the level of dopamine (DA) by monoamino oxidase B inhibition, Sel induces other effects that contribute to its action against PD. We evaluated the effects of Sel on the in vitro aggregation of A30P and wild-type α-syn. Sel delays fibril formation by extending the lag phase of aggregation. In the presence of Sel, electron microscopy reveals amorphous heterogeneous aggregates, including large annular species, which are innocuous to a primary culture enriched in dopaminergic neurons, while their age-matched counterparts are toxic. The inhibitory effect displayed by Sel is abolished when seeds (small fibril pieces) are added to the aggregation reaction, reinforcing the hypothesis that Sel interferes with early nuclei formation and, to a lesser extent, with fibril elongation. NMR experiments indicate that Sel does not interact with monomeric α-syn. Interestingly, when added in combination with DA (which favors the formation of toxic protofibrils), Sel overrides the inhibitory effect of DA and favors fibrillation. Additionally, Sel blocks the formation of smaller toxic aggregates by perturbing DA-dependent fibril disaggregation. These effects might be beneficial for PD patients, since the sequestration of protofibrils into fibrils or the inhibition of fibril dissociation could alleviate the toxic effects of protofibrils on dopaminergic neurons. In nondopaminergic neurons, Sel might slow the fibrillation, giving rise to the formation of large nontoxic aggregates