Potret Jalaluddin Al-suyuti Sebagai Seorang Sejarawan

Tulisan ini mendiskusikan salah salah satu pemikir paling prolifik dalam tradisi pemikiran Islam, yakni Jalaluddin al-Suyuti (1445 -1505 M), sosok yang memiliki kepakaran dalam berbagai macam disiplin ilmu. Meski demikian, ia hanya terlatih dalam lingkar ilmu-ilmu tradisional (al-‘ulum al-naqliyyah) dan dengan tegas menolak ilmu-ilmu rasional (al-‘ulum al-‘aqliyyah). Salah satu bidang kajian yang menjadi kepakarannya adalah sejarah (fann altarikh). Hal ini dibutikan lewat beberapa karya sejarah yang ia tulis mencakup literatur t}abaqat (prosopografi), tarikhhauliyyat (kronografi), dan ‘ilm al-tarikh (ilmu sejarah). Mendiskusikan alSuyuti sebagai seorang sejarawan menjadi hal yang menarik mengingat kepakaran tersebut berasal dari genealogi tradisionalis. Tulisan ini secara khusus memotret profil al-Suyuti sebagai seorang sejarawan dengan melakukan kajian bibliografis atas karya-karyanya serta analisis genealogis terhadap kepakarannya dalam kajian sejarah

Antara Biografi Dan Historiografi (Studi 36 Buku Biografi Di Indonesia )

The writing of the religious leaders in Indonesia ranks the second after political figures ones. This ranking is the result of Gerry van Klinken\u27 research on biographies writings in Indonesia from1950 to 2000 as many as 2,629 books . As the domain of science history , the quantity of writing biographies have not shown the quality of historiography. A total of 36 biography books that the writer analyzed using prevalence history method found out four historiographical issues. First, in the writing of character\u27s biography about his life has an impact on a critical attitude gap between academic interests of biographer and psychological pressure from mainstream figures who has written. Second, there is a plurality of the biographer rated from reporter, historians, scholars and experts from various professions with their own characteristics of literacy. Third, a biography written by historian is more scientific which shows the portion of the balance in the selection of figures, while the non- historian biographer is more interested in contemporary issues and prefer well-known figures. A variety of professions of the biographer is one of a consequences of the biography writing that much or even related to historiography

Classification of Acid Sulfate Soils of Peninsular Malaysia

Acid sulfate soils form an important group of soils in Peninsular MaLaysia, particularly on the West Coast. These soils developed over marine, estuarine and brackish water deposits can be divided into two groups - the potential acid sulfate soils and the true acid sulfate soils using the definitions established in Soil Taxonomy. The classification of these soils in accordance to the Malaysian system is discussed. The Malaysian system though based on the concepts of Soil Taxonomy has been modified to suit local conditions. Two sequences of acid sulfate soils have been recognized in Peninsular Malaysia. A key to the identification of these acid sulfate soils is also presented in the paper

Methyl esters selectivity of transesterification reaction with homogenous alkaline catalyst to produce biodiesel in batch, plug flow, and continuous stirred tank reactors

Selectivity concept is essential in establishing the best operating conditions for attaining maximum production of the desired product. For complex reaction such as biodiesel fuel synthesis, kinetic studies of transesterification reaction have revealed the mechanism of the reaction and rate constants. The objectives of this research are to develop the kinetic parameters for determination of methyl esters and glycerol selectivity, evaluate the significance of the reverse reaction in transesterification reaction, and examine the influence of reaction characteristics (reaction temperature, methanol to oil molar ratio, and the amount of catalyst) on selectivity. For this study, published reaction rate constants of transesterification reaction were used to develop mathematical expressions for selectivities. In order to examine the base case and reversible transesterification, two calculation schemes (Case 1 and Case 2) were established. An enhanced selectivity was found in the base case of transesterification reaction. The selectivity was greatly improved at optimum reaction temperature (60 C), molar ratio (9 : 1), catalyst concentration (1.5 wt.%), and low free fatty acid feedstock. Further research might explore the application of selectivity for specifying reactor configurations

Power system applications of fiber optics

Power system applications of optical systems, primarily using fiber optics, are reviewed. The first section reviews fibers as components of communication systems. The second section deals with fiber sensors for power systems, reviewing the many ways light sources and fibers can be combined to make measurements. Methods of measuring electric field gradient are discussed. Optical data processing is the subject of the third section, which begins by reviewing some widely different examples and concludes by outlining some potential applications in power systems: fault location in transformers, optical switching for light fired thyristors and fault detection based on the inherent symmetry of most power apparatus. The fourth and final section is concerned with using optical fibers to transmit power to electric equipment in a high voltage situation, potentially replacing expensive high voltage low power transformers. JPL has designed small photodiodes specifically for this purpose, and fabricated and tested several samples. This work is described

Methyl esters selectivity of transesterification reaction with homogenous alkaline catalyst to produce biodiesel in batch, plug flow, and continuous stirred tank reactors

Selectivity concept is essential in establishing the best operating conditions for attaining maximum production of the desired product. For complex reaction such as biodiesel fuel synthesis, kinetic studies of transesterification reaction have revealed the mechanism of the reaction and rate constants. The objectives of this research are to develop the kinetic parameters for determination of methyl esters and glycerol selectivity, evaluate the significance of the reverse reaction in transesterification reaction, and examine the influence of reaction characteristics (reaction temperature, methanol to oil molar ratio, and the amount of catalyst) on selectivity. For this study, published reaction rate constants of transesterification reaction were used to develop mathematical expressions for selectivities. In order to examine the base case and reversible transesterification, two calculation schemes (Case 1 and Case 2) were established. An enhanced selectivity was found in the base case of transesterification reaction. The selectivity was greatly improved at optimum reaction temperature (60 C), molar ratio (9 : 1), catalyst concentration (1.5 wt.%), and low free fatty acid feedstock. Further research might explore the application of selectivity for specifying reactor configurations

Half-panda ring resonator used to generate 100 MHZ repetition rate femtosecond soliton

Interferometric measurement techniques have been employed in research and industry for investigations into propagation behavior aspects of the optical solitons within semiconductor lasers. The half-PANDA ring resonator system introduced in this paper consists of an add/drop multiplex connected to a microring resonator on the right side, where the output powers can be controlled by specific parameters. The collision of dark and bright solitons occurs inside the system in which femtosecond (fs) optical solitons with 100 MHz repetition rate form the through and drop port outputs of the system. A trapping force is produced via the add port signals that constitute the input powers; thus the femtosecond optical soliton are generated and controlled within the half-PANDA ring resonator. The results of the soliton signals are obtained based on the iterative method technique in which a number of experimental and practical parameters are employed. These circumstances allow for manipulation of the trapping bandwidth by means of system parameter alterations. The input powers of the dark and bright solitons are 5.12 mW and 4 mW respectively. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the through and drop port output signals are 35 and 76 femtoseconds respectively correspond to 0.76 and 1.56 terahertz (THz) in frequency domain, where the repetition rate of the solitons is 100 MHz

Fibre bragg grating sensor system for temperature application

A practical pass-through type fibre Bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensor system have been designed and experimentally investigated. The performance of FBG was evaluated with the varying of focusing elements in harsh environments, under direct sunlight. The sensor head of FBG was designed to be focused with convex and hand lens. Results shows that the Bragg wavelength shift, ΔλB increase proportionally with the temperature for both systems. The sensitivities of FBG were recorded to be 0.0107 and 0.0122 nm °C-1 for the system where convex and hand lens applied to the FBG’s sensor head respectively