Transport Protocol Throughput Fairness

Interest continues to grow in alternative transport protocols to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). These alternatives include protocols designed to give greater efficiency in high-speed, high-delay environments (so-called high-speed TCP variants), and protocols that provide congestion control without reliability. For the former category, along with the deployed base of ‘vanilla’ TCP – TCP NewReno – the TCP variants BIC and CUBIC are widely used within Linux: for the latter category, the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) is currently on the IETF Standards Track. It is clear that future traffic patterns will consist of a mix of flows from these protocols (and others). So, it is important for users and network operators to be aware of the impact that these protocols may have on users. We show the measurement of fairness in throughput performance of DCCP Congestion Control ID 2 (CCID2) relative to TCP NewReno, and variants Binary Increase Congestion control (BIC), CUBIC and Compound, all in “out-of-the box” configurations. We use a testbed and endto- end measurements to assess overall throughput, and also to assess fairness – how well these protocols might respond to each other when operating over the same end-to-end network path. We find that, in our testbed, DCCP CCID2 shows good fairness with NewReno, while BIC, CUBIC and Compound show unfairness above round-trip times of 25ms

Some expansions associated with Bessel functions

An Expansion for the Product of Two Bessel Functions.-1.1. An expansion for the product of two Bessel functions obtained by one of us(1) led to the discovery of a different expansion for the said product multiplied by the leading terms in the power series for the Bessel functions. Two proofs of this second expansion are given here

Resettlement of young people leaving custody: Lessons from the literature

This literature review aims to set out the research and practice evidence about effective resettlement services for children and young adults and can be used to inform future policy and practice to ensure service delivery is evidence based. The findings of the review will help to steer the focus of Beyond Youth Custody’s research over the duration of the programme and act as a baseline to assess how our understanding has advanced in terms of what works in facilitating the transition from youth custody to the community and beyond. In addition, the review highlights some examples of good practice, as well as the emerging key principles of effective resettlement provision

Le principe de l’anonymat du don de sperme: remarques sur son histoire et son application

International audienc

Alien Registration- Bateman, Elmer S. (Veazie, Penobscot County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/10469/thumbnail.jp

Building cooperation for managing the South China sea without strategic trust

The ruling from the arbitral tribunal dealing with the case between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea provides opportunities for fresh approaches to building cooperation for managing the sea and activities within it. This cooperation is both a necessity and an obligation of the countries bordering the sea. However, obstacles remain, particularly the lack of trust between the various stakeholders in the sea and the way in which important areas for cooperation, such as fisheries management, environmental protection and marine scientific research, have been politicised to the extent that even cooperation in these areas cannot proceed without greater strategic trust. The objective of this paper is to put forward a set of policy implications from the ruling that might overcome these obstacles and allow the necessary cooperation to proceed despite the lack of strategic trust

Representations of SU(1,1) in Non-commutative Space Generated by the Heisenberg Algebra

SU(1,1) is considered as the automorphism group of the Heisenberg algebra H. The basis in the Hilbert space K of functions on H on which the irreducible representations of the group are realized is explicitly constructed. The addition theorems are derived.Comment: Latex, 8 page

Any l-state analytical solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation for the Woods-Saxon potential

The radial part of the Klein-Gordon equation for the Woods-Saxon potential is solved. In our calculations, we have applied the Nikiforov-Uvarov method by using the Pekeris approximation to the centrifugal potential for any $l$ states. The exact bound state energy eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions are obtained on the various values of the quantum numbers $n$ and $l$. The non-relativistic limit of the bound state energy spectrum was also found.Comment: 15 pages, 1 tabl

Association Between Smoking and Tuberculosis Infection: A Population Survey in a High Tuberculosis Incidence Area

Associations between smoking and tuberculosis disease including death from tuberculosis have been reported, but there are few reports on the influence of smoking on the risk of developing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The aim of this study was to determine the association between smoking and M tuberculosis infection. In a cross sectional population survey, data on smoking and tuberculin skin test (TST) results of 2401 adults aged >15 years were compared. A total of 1832 (76%) subjects had a positive TST (>10 mm induration). Of 1309 current smokers or ex-smokers, 1070 (82%) had a positive TST. This was significantly higher than for never smokers (unadjusted OR 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.62 to 2.45). A positive relationship with pack-years was observed, with those smoking more than 15 pack-years having the highest risk (adjusted OR 1.90,95% CI 1.28 to 2.81). Smoking may increase the risk of M tuberculosis infection.\u