Arritmias induzidas por marcapasso cardíaco

A estimulaçao elétrica artificial do coraçao pode induzir ou mediar arritmias. Neste artigo os autores discorrem sobre as arritmias induzidas por marcapasso (MP), classificando-as em 3 grupos, dependentes de: 1 - competiçao entre o ritmo do MP e o ritmo próprio do paciente, 2 - disparo

Surgical Myocardial Revascularization of Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy and Severe Left Ventricular Disfunction

OBJECTIVE: To determine long-term survival, identify preoperative factors predictive of a favorable outcome, and assess functional improvement after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with advanced left ventricular dysfunction. METHODS: Between 1995 and 2001, 244 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and had a preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction less than or equal to 35% were included. left ventricular ejection fraction was determined by uniplanar or biplanar ventriculography during left heart catheterization. Indication for surgery was predominance of tissue viability. Functional improvement was evaluated through echocardiography and gated scintigraphy at exercise/ rest. Survival was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 29±4% (ranged from 9% to 35%). An average of 3.01 coronary bypass grafts per patient were performed. In-hospital mortality was 3.7% (9 patients). The 4-year survival rate was 89.7%. Multivariate correlates of favorable short- and long-term outcome were preoperative New York Heart Association Funcional classification for congestive heart failure class I/II, lower PAsP, higher left ventricular ejection fraction and gated left ventricular ejection fraction Ex/Rest ratio >5%. Left ventricular ejection fraction rise from 32±5% to 39±5%, p <0.001. Gated left ventricular ejection fraction at exercise/ rest increased markedly after surgery: from 27±8%/ 23±7% to 37±5%/ 31±6%, p <0.001. CONCLUSIONS: In selected patients with severe ischemic left ventricular dysfunction and predominance of tissue viability, coronary artery bypass grafting may be capable of implement preoperative clinical/ functional parameters in predicting outcome as left ventricular ejection fraction and gated left ventricular ejection fraction at exercise/ rest

CAMINAR POR LA CUERDA FLOJA? ANÁLISIS DE DEBILITAMIENTO DE LA EMOCIÓN COMO VENTAJA COMPETITIVA EN LA CREACIÓN DE VALOR DE CIRQUE DU SOLEIL

Diversos aspectos positivos podem ser criados por meio de um relacionamento emocional entre empresa e consumidores, entretanto, a complexidade dos processos emocionais pode se tornar um desafio ao crescimento em longo prazo de empresas que busquem utilizar tal estratégia. Definiu-se, portanto, como objetivo evidenciar possíveis fragilidades de estratégias organizacionais que buscam a criação de valor por meio de aspectos emocionais. Para isso foi realizado um estudo de caso na empresa canadense Cirque du Soleil, onde a coleta de dados foi composta por uma entrevista com a chefe de relações públicas da empresa e por outras entrevistas coletadas por meio de dados secundários; por uma imersão de três meses em um dos espetáculos da companhia; e pela coleta de dados secundários provenientes de mídias eletrônicas e impresas. A análise e interpretação dos dados foram feitas por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Percebeu-se que apesar do rápido crescimento e sucesso da empresa, existem certos desafios à continuidade do crescimento ligados com a consolidação de relações emocionais.An emotional relationship between business and consumers can create positive aspects. However, complexity of emotional processes can become a challenge concerning the long-term growth of companies pursuing to implement such a strategy. Therefore, this study aspires to evidence possible fragilities of organizational strategies, which create value through emotional aspects. Consequently, we conducted a case study of the Canadian company Cirque du Soleil, with data collection consisting of: an interview with the firm’s head publicist; in addition to interviews undertaken by secondary data; three months spent amongst one of the company’s shows; and by secondary data from both the electronic and press media. Data analysis and interpretation were established by using the content analysis technique. It was acknowledged that despite the rapid growth and success of the company, there are still certain challenges relating to the continued growth associated with the consolidation of emotional relationships.Varios aspectos positivos se pueden crear a trav&eacute;s de una relaci&oacute;n emocional entre las empresas y los consumidores, sin embargo, la complejidad de los procesos emocionales puede convertirse en un desaf&iacute;o para el crecimiento a largo plazo de las empresas que tratan de utilizar esta estrategia.&nbsp;Se defini&oacute; por tanto, como objetivo, evidenciar las posibles deficiencias de las estrategias organizacionales que buscan crear valor a trav&eacute;s de los aspectos emocionales. Para ello se realiz&oacute; un estudio de caso en la compa&ntilde;&iacute;a canadiense Cirque du Soleil, donde la recolecci&oacute;n de datos consisti&oacute; en una entrevista con el jefe de relaciones p&uacute;blicas de la firma y otras entrevistas&nbsp;realizadas&nbsp;a trav&eacute;s de&nbsp;datos&nbsp;secundarios, por una inmersi&oacute;n de tres meses en uno de los espect&aacute;culos de la compa&ntilde;&iacute;a, y mediante la recopilaci&oacute;n de&nbsp;datos secundarios de los medios de comunicaci&oacute;n electr&oacute;nicos e impresos. El an&aacute;lisis y la interpretaci&oacute;n de los datos fueron hechos a trav&eacute;s de la t&eacute;cnica de an&aacute;lisis de contenido.&nbsp;Se observ&oacute; que a pesar del r&aacute;pido crecimiento y &eacute;xito de la empresa, existen ciertos desaf&iacute;os para el crecimiento continuo asociado a la consolidaci&oacute;n de las relaciones emocionales

Comparação entre rações para frangos de corte mais vendidas no Rio Grande do Sul. III. Rendimento Econômico

Six different commercial broiler rations were compared as to performance and economic aspects. The six rations selected were those sold in the greatest volume. Significant differences in gain of weight and feed conversion were found. However, these data alone were insufficient to classify the rations according to their economic value. It was necessary to consider the total production cost to determine the most profitable ration.São estudados e discutidos a performance e o aspecto econômico da criação de frangos de corte com seis rações diferentes. Foram escolhidas as rações de maior comercialização no Rio Grande do Sul. Foram obtidas diferenças significantes entre estas rações com referência ao ganho de peso e conversão alimentar. Estes dados, isoladamente, mostraram-se insuficientes para avaliar as rações do ponto de vista econômico, mas, quando unidos ao custo total de criação, tornaram possível determinar quais as rações econômicamente mais proveitosas

Using multi-criteria analysis for smart city assessment

Urban centers have been under a new concept of city. Smart Cities are, in a nutshell, organized communities that feature high communication technology and conscious investments in sustainability, providing dynamic and safe environments. This paper presents a methodology to assess and rank Smart Cities based on a multi-criteria decision-making process. Methodologies that do not consider a pondered approach and filter for specific goals are commonly found in the literature, once there is a great number of criteria involved in these analyses. This work proposes filtering the criteria, considering each specific evaluation and its objectives. Our methodology is based on a multi-criteria analysis and uses AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to support the process of weights definition and MACBAC (Multi-Attributive Border Approximation Area Comparison) in an application with compensatory characteristics. Through this study, it is possible to conduct the assessment of Smart Cities according to its multiple contexts, viz. its location, decision-makers and the objectives of the analysis. All in all, this research presents novelty related to the organization of the evaluation in accord to the expected resolution and a pondered approach with reduced number of criteria, making the analysis very straightforward.publicad

A comparison of rations used for broiler production in Rio Grande do Sul

Este trabalho teve por fim estudar a influência da alimentação na criação de frangos para corte. Para tanto foram utilizadas as seis rações de maior venda no Rio Grande do Sul no segundo semestre de 1968. Os resultados acusaram diferenças, estatísticamente bastante significantes, em ganho de peso, conversão, rendimento, pigmentação, distribuição de gorduras e comprimento e largura do peito, o que bem demonstra a importância de uma boa alimentação na criação de frangos.This paper presents a study of the relative efficiency of the six most popular commercial broiler rations used in Rio Grande do Sul. Differences for gain of weight, feed conversion, pigmentation, fat distribution and length and width of breast were significant, clearly showing the importance of good feeding in raising chickens

Comparação entre rações para frangos de corte mais vendidas no Rio Grande do Sul. II. Análises químicas das rações

This paper discusses the correlation of the animal response to the chemical composition and biological assay of the six most popular commercial broiler rations used in Rio Grande do Sul. Differences were significant for gain of weight and feed conversion. In some cases this could be explained by the chemical composition and biological assay of the rations.O presente trabalho estuda e discute a relação entre a resposta animal obtida a seis rações para frangos de corte e as análises químicas e biológicas realizadas nestes alimentos. As rações comparadas foram escolhidas de maneira prioritária com sua comercialização no Rio Grande do Sul. Houve diferenças significantes em ganho de peso e conversão alimentar entre os diferentes tratamentos. Em alguns casos, esta diferença pode ser explicada através das análises químicas e biológicas realizadas

Chemical Constituents and Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Kielmeyera coriacea

Many essential oils (EOs) of different plant species possess interesting antimicrobial effects on buccal microorganisms and cytotoxic properties. EOs of Kielmeyera coriacea Mart. & Zucc. were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The EO from leaves is rich in sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The three major compounds identified were germacrene-D (24.2%), (E)-caryophyllene (15.5%), and bicyclogermacrene (11.6%). The inner bark EO is composed mainly of sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons and the major components are alpha-copaene (14.9%) and alpha-(E)-bergamotene (13.0%). The outer bark EO is composed mainly of oxygenated sesquiterpenes and long-chain alkanes, and the major components are alpha-eudesmol (4.2%) and nonacosane (5.8%). The wood EO is mainly composed of long-chain alkanes and fatty acids, and the major components are nonacosane (9.7%) and palmitic acid (16.2%). The inner bark EO showed the strongest antimicrobial activity against the anaerobic bacteria Prevotella nigrescens (minimum inhibitory concentration-MIC of 50 µg mL−1). The outer bark and wood EOs showed MICs of 100 µg mL−1 for all aerobic microorganisms tested. The EOs presented low toxicity to Vero cells. These results suggest that K. coriacea, a Brazilian plant, provide initial evidence of a new and alternative source of substances with medicinal interest