Four new non-spiny Solanum (Solanaceae) species from South America

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The attached file is the published version of the article.NHM Repositor

A revision of the Old World Black Nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)

The Morelloid clade, also known as the black nightshades or ?Maurella? (Morella), is one of the 10 major clades within Solanum L. The pantropical clade consists of 75 currently recognised non-spiny herbaceous and suffrutescent species with simple or branched hairs with or without glandular tips, with a centre of distribution in the tropical Andes. A secondary centre of diversity is found in Africa, where a set of mainly polyploid taxa occur. A yet smaller set of species is found in Australasia and Europe, including Solanum nigrum L., the type of the genus Solanum. Due to the large number of published synonyms, combined with complex morphological variation, our understanding of species limits and diversity in the Morelloid clade has remained poor despite detailed morphological studies carried out in conjunction with breeding experiments. Here we provide the first taxonomic overview since the 19th century of the entire group in the Old World, including Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe and islands of the Pacific. Complete synonymy, morphological descriptions, distribution maps and common names and uses are provided for all 19 species occurring outside the Americas (i.e. Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe and islands of the Pacific). We treat 12 species native to the Old World, as well as 7 taxa that are putatively introduced and/or invasive in the region. The current knowledge of the origin of the polyploid species is summarised. A key to all of the species occurring in the Old World is provided, together with line drawings and colour figures to aid identification both in herbaria and in the field. Preliminary conservation assessments are provided for all species.Fil: Sarkinen, T.. University Of Edinburgh; Reino UnidoFil: Poczai, P.

A phylogenetic framework for evolutionary study of the nightshades (Solanaceae): a dated 1000-tip tree

© Särkinen et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013 This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The attached file is the published version of the article

Digest: Shape-shifting in Solanaceae flowers: the influence of pollinators*

This article corresponds to Smith, S. D., and R. Kriebel. 2018. Convergent evolution of floral shape tied to pollinator shifts in Iochrominae (Solanaceae). Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13416

Complete plastid genome sequence of African nightshade (Solanum scabrum) and comparative plastomics across Solanales

Solanaceae are a particularly interesting angiosperm family, not only because they include many major crop species such as potato, tomato, eggplant, pepper, tobacco and ornamentals like petunias, but also because numerous species are used as biological models. They have been widely used for understanding crop genetics and plant genome evolution in general. Sequencing efforts have been concentrated mostly to sequence genomes of important crop species of Solanaceae to understand the links between wild and cultivated members of the family. We present the complete plastome of African nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.) a hexaploid (2n = 6x = 72) species of the S. nigrum L. complex or Solanum sect. Solanum, a widely cultivated species across Africa. Recent studies highlight S. scabrum as a “super-vegetable” for its nutritional and environmental benefits with potential of global importance. The leaves and berries are the source of coloring plant extracts, inks and dyes, and they are rich in proteins, fibres, iron, vitamins and amino acids. Using 12,413,264 paired end reads deposited in the sequence read archive (SRA) we have assembled the plastid genome sequence of African nightshade with an estimated coverage of 123×. The plastid genome sequence had a total size of 155,522 bp, typical of Solanaceae with a large single copy (LSC) region of 85,896 bp and small single copy (SSC) region of 18,406 bp while the IRs comprised of 25,610 bp. We illustrate the role of Solanum scabrum and its comparative plastomics across Solanaceae and Convolvulaceae to understand the plastomics of Solanales.Peer reviewe

Solanum pseudoamericanum Särkinen, P.Gonzáles & S.Knapp

c. 5km from Pomachaca on road to LlamellínFil: Ariza Espinar, L. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentin

Solanum pseudoamericanum Särkinen, P.Gonzáles & S.Knapp

Cajamarca, km1244 on rd from Cajamarca to San Marcos, just outskirts of Namora village, dry montane scrub, along dry cliff edge.Fil: Ariza Espinar, L. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentin

Solanum pseudoamericanum Särkinen, P.Gonzáles & S.Knapp

Just in the outkirts of Pomabamba in disturbed roadside vegetation near hauses in full shade.Fil: Ariza Espinar, L. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Ariza Espinar, L. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina

Solanum pseudoamericanum Särkinen, P.Gonzáles & S.Knapp

on rd from Mancos to Musho, before puente Apachico, on moist roadside bank along srtream, with Solanum probolospermum, CalceolariaFil: Ariza Espinar, L. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentin