59 research outputs found
Comparative biochemical, physiological and morphological studies of seeds and seedlings of various poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) varieties
Studien über die Alkaloidbildung im Zusammenhang mit der Gewebestruktur und Organdifferenzierung bei Papaver somniferum L. — III.— IV. Teil: Untersuchungen der reproduktiven Sproßspitze und der sich entwickelnden Blüte
Privacy in crowdsourcing:a systematic review
The advent of crowdsourcing has brought with it multiple privacy challenges. For example, essential monitoring activities, while necessary and unavoidable, also potentially compromise contributor privacy. We conducted an extensive literature review of the research related to the privacy aspects of crowdsourcing. Our investigation revealed interesting gender differences and also differences in terms of individual perceptions. We conclude by suggesting a number of future research directions.</p
Investigation of chemical transformations of thiophenylglycoside of muramyl dipeptide on the fumed silica surface using TPD-MS, FTIR spectroscopy and ES IT MS
Testing rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade at the stapedius muscle using stapedius reflex measurements
Background: Neuromuscular monitoring prior to emergence from anaesthesia has been shown to be necessary to
achieve adequate airway protection in order to decrease postoperative pulmonary complications. In the present study
we hypothesized that stapedius reflex measurement allows the detection of residual neuromuscular blockade using
the stapedius muscle following the administration of rocuronium.
Patients and methods: Parallel stapedius and acceleromyographic measurements were performed on 20 patients
undergoing cholecystectomy. Acceleromyographic measurements were continuously performed during the course of
anaesthesia, whereas the stapedius reflex was measured on different occasions: (1) after premedication but before
anaesthesia induction, (2) after induction, but before administration of muscle relaxant, (3) after administration of
muscle relaxant, (4) during the course of surgical anaesthesia at regular intervals, and (5) continuously performed
during emergence from anaesthesia, until the stapedius reflex threshold returned to normal.
Results: The intensity of the sound energy at which the stapedius reflex is detectable was similar: 89.5±9.9 dB
(mean±SD) after premedication and after anaesthetic induction. However, after administration of rocuronium, when
the twitch height decreased to 5%, the stapedius reflex disappeared, indicating a total block of the stapedius muscle.
During the recovery phase (twitch>10%) significantly higher sound energies compared to baseline values were
necessary to evoke the reflex, indicating residual inhibition of the stapedius muscle. At the point where stapedius
reflex threshold returned to normal the twitch height averaged about 50% showing low sensitivity of the
tympanometry in detecting residual neuromuscular blockade.
Conclusions: The neuromuscular effect of rocuronium on the stapedius muscle can be detected using stapedius
reflex measurements. Due to its methodological limitation and low sensitivity, the method cannot be recommended
for the monitoring of residual neuromuscular blockade
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