Modelling of Extreme Hydrological Events on a Tisza River Basin Pilot Area, Hungary

Climate change takes more and more challenges to the water management. Future predictions show that the possibility of extreme floods and drought events are increasing, thus an additional task of the water management can be the fulfilment of the increasing water demands. These new extreme hydrological situations need to be properly handled in water management. The paper presents the first modelling results of the JOINTISZA project carried out on a selected sub-basin of the Tisza River, which is endangered by hydrological extremes. Our aim was to demonstrate the applicability of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model to study the effects of the climate change. Future hydrological trends were introduced in the river basin and it was assessed how the results of climate models can be used for further hydrodynamic modelling. To address challenges of climate change and supply the stakeholders with an adequate amount of water, proper operation of the reservoir and the irrigation canals are needed. The use of hydrological modelling can be helpful to adequately distribute water resources

Orchestrated Platform for Cyber-Physical Systems

One of the main driving forces in the era of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) is the introduction of massive sensor networks (or nowadays various Internet of things solutions as well) into manufacturing processes, connected cars, precision agriculture, and so on. Therefore, large amounts of sensor data have to be ingested at the server side in order to generate and make the "twin digital model" or virtual factory of the existing physical processes for (among others) predictive simulation and scheduling purposes usable. In this paper, we focus on our ultimate goal, a novel software container-based approach with cloud agnostic orchestration facilities that enable the system operators in the industry to create and manage scalable, virtual IT platforms on-demand for these two typical major pillars of CPS: (1) server-side (i.e., back-end) framework for sensor networks and (2) configurable simulation tool for predicting the behavior of manufacturing systems. The paper discusses the scalability of the applied discrete-event simulation tool and the layered back-end framework starting from simple virtual machine-level to sophisticated multilevel autoscaling use case scenario. The presented achievements and evaluations leverage on (among others) the synergy of the existing EasySim simulator, our new CQueue software container manager, the continuously developed Octopus cloud orchestrator tool, and the latest version of the evolving MiCADO framework for integrating such tools into a unified platform

β-estradiol and ethinyl-estradiol contamination in the rivers of the Carpathian Basin

17 β - estradiol (E2) and 17 α - ethinyl estradiol (EE2), wh ich are environmental estrogens have been determined with LC - MS in freshwater. Their sensitive analysis needs derivatisation and therefore is very hard to ac hieve in multiresidue screening . We analysed samples from all the large and some small rivers (River Danube, Drava, Mur, Sava, Tisza and Zala) of the Carpathian Basin and from Lake Balaton. Freshwater was extracted on solid phase and derivatised using dansyl - chloride. Separation was per formed on a Kinetex XB - C18 column. Detection was achieved with a benchtop orbitrap mass spectrometer using targeted MS analysis for quantification. Limits of quantification were 0.05 ng/L (MS1) and 0.1 ng/L (MS/MS ) for E2, and 0.001 ng/L (MS1) and 0.2 ng/L (MS/MS ) for EE2. River samples contained n.d. - 5.2 ng/L E2 and n.d. - 0.68 ng/L EE2. Average levels of E2 and EE2 were 0.6 1 and 0.084 ng/L respectively in rivers, water courses and Lake Balaton together, but not counting city canal water . EE2 was less abunda nt, but it was still present in almost all of the samples. In b each water samples from Lake Balaton we measured 0.076 - 0.233 E2 and n.d. - 0.133 EE2. A relative high amount of EE2 was found in river Zala (0.68 ng/L) and in Hévíz - P áhoki canal (0.52 ng/L), whic h are both in the catchment area of Lake Balaton (Hungary)

A nyaki verőér-szűkületes betegek ellátási irányelveinek különbségei Európa különböző országaiban

A tudomány jelenlegi állása szerint – csoportok összehasonlítására épülő matematikai-statisztikai eszközökkel – a leginkább hatékonynak és hatásosnak vélt kezelési módszerek szisztematikus elemzése mentén, a bizonyítékokon alapuló irányelveken nyugvó gyógyító munkát tekintjük követendőnek. A nyaki verőérszűkület ellátása esetén az utóbbi években elkészült mind a hazai, mind az európai irányelv, mindemellett a társszakmák irányelveiben is megje- lentek kezelési javaslatok. Közleményünkben összehasonlítottuk a témában publikált magyar, angol, német és olasz nyelvű, valamint az európai társaságok által kiadott irányelveket. Az irányelvek alapelveikben hasonlóak, formailag és tartalmilag azonban jelentős (időnként egymásnak ellentmondani látszó) különbségeket találhatunk. Az ellentmon- dások három leggyakoribb oka: 1) az egyes irányelvek által kitűzött célok különbözősége, 2) az aszimptomatikus és szimptomatikus betegcsoport definíciói, valamint 3) az eltérő evidenciaszintek. Az irányelvek összevetése alapján a tünetes, szignifikáns nyaki verőérszűkületek sebészi ellátása evidenciának tekinthető. A szimptomatikus nyaki verőér- szűkület a definíció szerint ellenoldali cerebralis ischaemia okozta, tranziens vagy definitív plegia, paresis, aphasia és az azonos oldali arteria centralis retinae embolisatiója miatti amaurosis fugax. A tünetmentes nyaki verőérszűkületek ellátása tekintetében az európai és a nemzeti irányelvek nem azonosak, ezen esetek terápiás döntése egyéni mérlege- lést igényel. Tünetmentes, 70%-os stenosis esetén vascularteam-konzílium javasolt