Submarine Accumulations of Methane Hydrates in Adjacences of Marambio Island (Seymour Island), Antarctica and Its Probable Environmental Incident

The presence of aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediments at the bottom of the platform and the continental margin of the northeastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula and its natural escapes, leads us to infer about the likely effects they may have on the Antarctic environment, particularly on changes off average in surface temperatures and seawater. Methane leaks recorded in shallow waters of the region are compatible with the destabilization of gas hydrates in the marine substrate and with changes in average surface temperatures and seawater, suggesting a probable environmental impact such as a consequence of this process, based on the hypothesis of the “clathrate rifle”, the scientific theory of Gerry Dickens and James Kennet, which argues that the rise in sea temperature can lead to a sudden release of methane from the clathrate deposits located in the ocean bottoms, as happened in the Eocene

Analysis and evaluation of levels of awareness and understanding of fooball tactics by a game board

El siguiente estudio aborda la relación existente entre el plano de acción y el plano de representación de los sujetos, a través del papel que proporcionan los procesos de comprensión y toma de conciencia que suceden en el interior del individuo cuando se enfrenta a situaciones de juego que demanda un deporte no lineal, con características sumamente abiertas, como es el fútbol. El objetivo que pretendemos es analizar y evaluar la toma de conciencia y comprensión táctica del jugador infantil de fútbol base, desde la perspectiva funcional-estructural. Para ello, se ha utilizado un juego de tablero simulador de fútbol, diseñado a partir de la reglamentación básica que rige este deporte. La muestra utilizada está compuesta por ocho sujetos varones de categoría infantil, divididos en dos niveles de pericia: alto y bajo. Por tanto, se trata de un análisis centrado en el jugador (Garganta, 2001). Los ítems utilizados para realizar este análisis de la comprensión táctica de los jugadores se pueden categorizar siguiendo los principios tácticos de juego en fútbol que detalla Claude Bayer (1987). A su vez, los contenidos tácticos que se detallan en los ítems, se clasifican en aspectos tácticos de tipo individual -ofensivo y defensivo-, grupal -ofensivo y defensivo- y colectivo -ofensivo y defensivo-, siguiendo las clasificaciones propuestas por Fradua (1997), Garganta y Pinto (1997), Sánchez y Fradua (2001).The following study addresses the relationship between the level of action and the level of representation of the subject, through the paper that provide the processes of understanding and awareness that occur within the individual when confronted with game situations sport demands a nonlinear, with features very open, like football. The objective we intend to analyze and evaluate the awareness and tactical understanding of children's football player base, from the structural-functional perspective. For this, we used a board game football simulator, designed from the basic regulations governing the sport. The sample is composed of eight junior class male subjects, divided into two skill levels: high and low. Therefore, an analysis is centered on the player (throat, 2001). The items used for this analysis of tactical understanding of the players can be categorized according to the principles of tactical football game detailing Claude Bayer (1987). In turn, the contents listed in tactical items are classified in tactical aspects of individual type-offensive and defensive-, group-offensive and defensive-and collectiveoffensive and defensive-, following the classification proposed by Fradua (1997 ), Throat and Pinto (1997), Sanchez and Fradua (2001)

Propuesta metodológica para la evaluación de proyectos en cinco pasos

Objective: To carry out a methodological proposal for the evaluation of projects in five steps, which allows the procedure to be developed in a practical, easy, fast and orderly manner, generating understanding, effectiveness and efficiency in the analysis and confidence in the results obtained. Design / methodology / approach: It is based on the analytical-deductive cost-benefit ratio and the extrapolation method. The problem was identified and the five steps for project evaluation were structured. Results: The methodology for the evaluation of projects in five steps is proposed. Limitations / implications: There is limited knowledge of the analysis process translated into a disarticulation of the development of the procedure and distrust of the results obtained. It is because the designer is not a financial specialist and lacks theoretical support and methodological focus on the subject. Findings / Conclusions: This methodological proposal allows the development of the procedure in a practical, easy, fast and orderly manner, generating understanding, effectiveness and efficiency in the analysis and confidence in the results obtained for the decision making in the instrumentation of the Projects. It does have theoretical-practical utility and strengthens the theory of project evaluation.Objetivo: Realizar una propuesta metodológica para la evaluación de proyectos en cinco pasos, que permita desarrollar el procedimiento de forma práctica, fácil, rápida y ordenada, generando comprensión, eficacia y eficiencia en el análisis y confianza en los resultados obtenidos. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se basa en el método analítico-deductivo relación beneficio-costo y el método de extrapolación. Se identificó el problema y se estructuró los cinco pasos para la evaluación de proyectos. Resultados: Se propone la metodología para la evaluación de proyectos en cinco pasos. Limitaciones / implicaciones: Existe un limitado conocimiento del proceso de análisis traducido en una desarticulación del desarrollo del procedimiento y desconfianza en los resultados obtenidos. Se debe a que el proyectista no es especialista financiero y carece de sustento teórico y enfoque metodológico en el tema. Hallazgos / conclusiones: La propuesta metodológica permite llevar a cabo el desarrollo del procedimiento de forma práctica, fácil, rápida y ordenada, generando comprensión, eficacia y eficiencia en el análisis y confianza en los resultados obtenidos para la toma de decisiones en la instrumentación de los proyectos. Sí tiene utilidad teórica–práctica y fortalece la teoría de evaluación de proyectos

Análisis y evaluación de los niveles de toma de conciencia y comprensión táctica en fútbol por medio de un tablero de juego

The following study addresses the relationship between the level of action and the level of representation of the subject, through the paper that provide the processes of understanding and awareness that occur within the individual when confronted with game situations sport demands a nonlinear, with features very open, like football. The objective we intend to analyze and evaluate the awareness and tactical understanding of children's football player base, from the structural-functional perspective. For this, we used a board game football simulator, designed from the basic regulations governing the sport. The sample is composed of eight junior class male subjects, divided into two skill levels: high and low. Therefore, an analysis is centered on the player (throat, 2001). The items used for this analysis of tactical understanding of the players can be categorized according to the principles of tactical football game detailing Claude Bayer (1987). In turn, the contents listed in tactical items are classified in tactical aspects of individual type-offensive and defensive-, group-offensive and defensive-and collective-offensive and defensive-, following the classification proposed by Fradua (1997 ), Throat and Pinto (1997), Sanchez and Fradua (2001).El siguiente estudio aborda la relación existente entre el plano de acción y el plano de representación de los sujetos, a través del papel que proporcionan los procesos de comprensión y toma de conciencia que suceden en el interior del individuo cuando se enfrenta a situaciones de juego que demanda un deporte no lineal, con características sumamente abiertas, como es el fútbol. El objetivo que pretendemos es analizar y evaluar la toma de conciencia y comprensión táctica del jugador infantil de fútbol base, desde la perspectiva funcional-estructural. Para ello, se ha utilizado un juego de tablero simulador de fútbol, diseñado a partir de la reglamentación básica que rige este deporte. La muestra utilizada está compuesta por ocho sujetos varones de categoría infantil, divididos en dos niveles de pericia: alto y bajo. Por tanto, se trata de un análisis centrado en el jugador (Garganta, 2001). Los ítems utilizados para realizar este análisis de la comprensión táctica de los jugadores se pueden categorizar siguiendo los principios tácticos de juego en fútbol que detalla Claude Bayer (1987). A su vez, los contenidos tácticos que se detallan en los ítems, se clasifican en aspectos tácticos de tipo individual -ofensivo y defensivo-, grupal -ofensivo y defensivo- y colectivo -ofensivo y defensivo-, siguiendo las clasificaciones propuestas por Fradua (1997), Garganta y Pinto (1997), Sánchez y Fradua (2001)

Stellar Populations in type Ia supernova host galaxies at intermediate-high redshift: Star formation and metallicity enrichment histories

We present a summary of our project that studies galaxies hosting type Ia supernova (SN Ia) at different redshifts. We present Gran Telescopio de Canarias (GTC) optical spectroscopy of six SN Ia host galaxies at redshift $z\sim 0.4-0.5$. They are joined to a set of SN Ia host galaxies at intermediate-high redshift, which include galaxies from surveys SDSS and COSMOS. The final sample, after a selection of galaxy spectra in terms of signal-to-noise and other characteristics, consists of 680 galaxies with redshift in the range $0.04 < z < 1$. We perform an inverse stellar population synthesis with the code {\sc fado} to estimate the star formation and enrichment histories of this set of galaxies, simultaneously obtaining their mean stellar age and metallicity and stellar mass. After analysing the correlations among these characteristics, we look for possible dependencies of the Hubble diagram residuals and supernova features (luminosity, color and strength parameter) on these stellar parameters. We find that the Hubble residuals show a clear dependence on the stellar metallicity weighted by mass with a slope of -0.061\,mag\,dex$^{-1}$, when represented in logarithmic scale, $\log{ \langle Z_{M}/Z_{\odot}\rangle }$. This result supports our previous findings obtained from gas oxygen abundances for local and SDSS-survey galaxies. Comparing with other works from the literature that also use the stellar metallicity, we find a similar value, but with more precision and a better significance (2.08 vs $\sim$ 1.1), due to the higher number of objects and wider range of redshift of our sample.Comment: 21 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societ

APP-derived peptides reflect neurodegeneration in frontotemporal dementia

Altres ajuts: The Catalan frontotemporal initiative (CATFI) is funded by the Health Department of the Government of Catalonia (grant PERIS SLT002/16/00408 to Alberto Lleó and Raquel Sánchez-Valle). This work was also supported by research grants from the CIBERNED Program (Program 1, Alzheimer Disease to Alberto Lleó and SIGNAL study, file://www.signalstudy.es), partly funded by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Unión Europea, "Una manera de hacer Europa." This work has also been supported by a "Marató TV3" grant (20141210 to Juan Fortea, 044412 to Rafael Blesa, 20143710 to Ricard Rojas-García and 20143810 to Raquel Sánchez-Valle) and Fundación BBVA (grant to A. Lleó) and a grant from the Fundació Bancaria La Caixa to Rafael Blesa. Ignacio Illán-Gala and Sergi Borrego-Écija are supported by the Rio Hortega grant from "Acción estratégica en Salud 2013-2016" and the European Social Fund. Ignacio Illán-Gala is supported by the Global Brain Health Institute (Atlantic Fellow for Equity in Brain Health). We acknowledge all the participants in this study and all the collaborators of the SPIN cohort. We also acknowledge Soraya Torres and Laia Muñoz for technical assistance. We thank EUROIMMUN for providing Aβ1-38 and Aβ1-40 ELISA assays for this study.Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid levels (CSF) of amyloid precursor protein (APP)-derived peptides related to the amyloidogenic pathway, cortical thickness, neuropsychological performance, and cortical gene expression profiles in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)-related syndromes, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and healthy controls. Methods: We included 214 participants with CSF available recruited at two centers: 93 with FTLD-related syndromes, 57 patients with AD, and 64 healthy controls. CSF levels of amyloid β (Aβ)1-42, Aβ1-40, Aβ1-38, and soluble β fragment of APP (sAPPβ) were centrally analyzed. We compared CSF levels of APP-derived peptides between groups and, we studied the correlation between CSF biomarkers, cortical thickness, and domain-specific cognitive composites in each group. Then, we explored the relationship between cortical thickness, CSF levels of APP-derived peptides, and regional gene expression profile using a brain-wide regional gene expression data in combination with gene set enrichment analysis. Results: The CSF levels of Aβ1-40, Aβ1-38, and sAPPβ were lower in the FTLD-related syndromes group than in the AD and healthy controls group. CSF levels of all APP-derived peptides showed a positive correlation with cortical thickness and the executive cognitive composite in the FTLD-related syndromes group but not in the healthy control or AD groups. In the cortical regions where we observed a significant association between cortical thickness and CSF levels of APP-derived peptides, we found a reduced expression of genes related to synaptic function. Interpretation: APP-derived peptides in CSF may reflect FTLD-related neurodegeneration. This observation has important implications as Aβ1-42 levels are considered an indirect biomarker of cerebral amyloidosis

A Bacterial Shortcut to Amyloidosis

21 p.-10 fig.The synthetic bacterial prionoid RepA-WH1 causes a vertically transmissible amyloid proteinopathy in Escherichia coli that inhibits growth and eventually kills the cells. Recent in vitro studies show that RepA-WH1 builds pores through model lipid membranes, suggesting a possible mechanism for bacterial cell death. By comparing acutely (A31V) and mildly (ΔN37) cytotoxic mutant variants of the protein, we report here that RepA-WH1(A31V) expression decreases the intracellular osmotic pressure and compromise bacterial viability under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Both are effects expected from threatening membrane integrity and are in agreement with findings on the impairment by RepA-WH1(A31V) of the proton motive force (PMF)-dependent transport of ions (Fe3+) and ATP1 synthesis. Systems approaches reveal that, in aerobiosis, the PMF-independent respiratory dehydrogenase NdhII is induced in response to the reduction in intracellular levels of iron. While NdhII is known to generate H2O2 as a by-product of the autoxidation of its FAD cofactor, key proteins in the defense against oxidative stress (OxyR, KatE), together with other stress-resistance factors, are sequestered by co-aggregation with the RepA-WH1(A31V) amyloid. Our findings suggest a route for RepA-WH1 toxicity in bacteria: a primary hit of damage to the membrane, compromising bionergetics, triggers a stroke of oxidative stress, which is exacerbated due to the aggregation-dependent inactivation of enzymes and transcription factors that enable the cellular response to such injury. The proteinopathy caused by the prion-like protein RepA-WH1 in bacteria recapitulates some of the core hallmarks of human amyloid diseases.This work has been supported by grants from Spanish AEI / EU-FEDER (BIO2012-30852, BIO2015- 68730-R and CSD2009-00088) and CSIC (i-LINK0889) to R.G. We acknowledge support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).Peer reviewe

Does ALS-FUS without FUS mutation represent ALS-FET? Report of three cases

Altres ajuts: This study was partially funded by Fundacio Marató de TV3 (grant no. 20143810 to RSV, no. 20141610 to EG and no. 201437.10 to RRG) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (PI16/01673 to JG and PI15/01618 to RRG). We are indebted to the Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain, for data and sample procurement. We thank Sara Charif, Veronica Santiago, Carmen Schweiger, Leire Etxarri and Abel Muñoz for technical assistance

Población de animales domésticos en la ciudad de Machala, El Oro, Ecuador y su repercusión en la salud humana

El presente trabajo, tuvo como objetivo determinar la población de mascotas en la Ciudad de Machala, provincia de El Oro, Ecuador, así como sus condiciones de tenencia, alimentación, salud, estado de confort-bienestar y el uso y beneficios que obtienen sus propietarios. La metodología empleada consistió en la elaboración de un formulario para entrevistas a los núcleos familiares y el registro de datos de los indicadores, in situ, de cada una de las variables antes mencionadas; los resultados, procesados en Excel, se expresan en tablas y figuras de histogramas de frecuencia porcentual. Los resultados muestran que la tenencia de mascotas no ocasiona ningún problema de estar bien atendidas. En la relación con las mascotas y sus dueños. Palabras clave: Sistemas de manejo y tenencia, núcleo familiar, problemas, alimentación y salud.   ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to determine the population of pets in the City of Machala, El Oro province, Ecuador, as well as their conditions of possession, food, health, comfort-well-being and the use and benefits obtained by their owners.   The methodology used consisted in the elaboration of a form for interviews with the family nuclei and the data record of the indicators, in situ, of each one of the aforementioned variables; The results, processed in Excel, are expressed in tables and figures of percentage frequency histograms. The results show that keeping pets does not cause any problem of being well cared for. In the relationship with pets and their owners. Keywords: Management and possession systems, family nucleus, problems, feeding and health