35 research outputs found
Cladobotryum mycophilum as Potential Biocontrol Agent
A study was conducted to explore the efficacy of potential biocontrol agent Cladobotryum mycophilum against different phytopathogenic fungi. The growth rates of 24 isolates of C. mycophilum were determined, and their antagonistic activity was analysed in vitro and in vivo against Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora capsici, Pythium aphanidermatum and Mycosphaerella melonis. Most isolates grow rapidly, reaching the opposite end of the Petri dish within 72â96 h. Under dual-culture assays, C. mycophilum showed antagonistic activity in vitro against all phytopathogenic fungi tested, with mycelial growth inhibition ranging from 30 to 90% against all the different phytopathogens tested. Similarly, of all the selected isolates, CL60A, CL17A and CL18A significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the disease incidence and severity in the plant assays compared to the controls for the different pathosystems studied. Based on these results, we conclude that C. mycophilum can be considered as a potential biological control agent in agriculture. This is the first study of Cladobotryum mycophilum as a biological control agent for different diseases caused by highly relevant phytopathogens in horticultur
A Quarterly Fiscal Database Fit for Macroeconomic Analysis
The study of the macroeconomic effects of tax changes and public spending plans has regained footing recently. Nevertheless, in many occasions, the shortcomings of available official data pose limits to the type of approach analysts can pursue. While this issue receives traditionally limited attention, it is of utmost relevance for policy makers and academics alike. Against this framework, in this paper we construct a quite disaggregated quarterly fiscal database of Spanish seasonallyadjusted public finance variables for the period 1986Q1-2015Q4, in national accounts terms. Following a recent strand of the literature, we pose special emphasis on the models and data ingredients used. The later includes a rich set of input fiscal data taken from budgetary accounts. We illustrate the use of our data by providing key stylized facts on the cyclical properties of fiscal policies over the past three decades
Role of Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum as Plant-Growth Promoter in Horticulture
The main objective of this study was to determine the capacity of Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum to promote pepper and tomato seedling growth compared to that of T. saturnisporum, a species recently characterised as a biostimulant. Consequently, in vitro seed germination and seedling growth tests were performed under commercial plant nursery conditions. Additionally, the effects of different doses and a mixture of both species on seedling growth under plant nursery and subsequently under greenhouse conditions were determined. Furthermore, mass production of spores was determined in different substrates, and their siderophore and indole acetic acid production and phosphate (P) solubilisation capacity were also determined. Direct application of Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum to seeds in vitro neither increases the percentage of pepper and tomato seed germination nor improves their vigour index. However, substrate irrigation using different doses under commercial plant nursery conditions increases the quality of tomato and pepper seedlings. Tomato roots increased by 66.66% at doses of 106 spores per plant. Applying T. aggressivum f. europaeum or T. saturnisporum under plant nursery conditions added value to seedlings because their growth-promoting effect is maintained under greenhouse conditions up to three months after transplantation. The combined application of the two species had no beneficial effect in relation to that of the control. The present study demonstrates the biostimulant capacity of T. aggressivum f. europaeum in pepper and tomato plants under commercial plant nursery and greenhouse conditions
Biological Control of Fungal Diseases by Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum and Its Compatibility with Fungicides
Our purpose was to evaluate the ability of Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum as a biological control agent against diseases from fungal phytopathogens. Twelve isolates of T. aggressivum f. europaeum were obtained from several substrates used for Agaricus bisporus cultivation from farms in Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). Growth rates of the 12 isolates were determined, and their antagonistic activity was analysed in vitro against Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium solani f. cucurbitae, Pythium aphanidermatum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Mycosphaerella melonis, and all isolates had high growth rates. T. aggressivum f. europaeum showed high antagonistic activity for different phytopathogens, greater than 80%, except for P. aphanidermatum at approximately 65%. The most effective isolate, T. aggressivum f. europaeum TAET1, inhibited B. cinerea, S. sclerotiorum, and M. melonis growth by 100% in detached leaves assay and inhibited germination of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia. Disease incidence and severity in plant assays for pathosystems ranged from 22% for F. solani to 80% for M. melonis. This isolate reduced the incidence of Podosphaera xanthii in zucchini leaves by 66.78%. The high compatibility by this isolate with fungicides could allow its use in combination with different pest management strategies. Based on the results, T. aggressivum f. europaeum TAET1 should be considered for studies in commercial greenhouses as a biological control agent
Implementation of a Training Program in Advanced Life Support within map competence of future students of Medicine, University of Granada
Objetivo: Analizar la primera experiencia de formaciĂłn en soporte vital avanzado (SVA) en estudiantes de medicina,
incluyéndola como asignatura de libre configuración siguiendo las normas de la European Resuscitation Council.
MetodologĂa: Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal. Los datos se recogieron de los alumnos que participaron
en el curso de SVA, como asignatura de libre configuraciĂłn, realizado en la facultad de medicina de la Universidad
de Granada. Se recogieron mediante encuesta variables sociodemogrĂĄficas, variables de aspectos especĂficos de calidad
del curso, asĂ como la consideraciĂłn de los alumnos ante la posibilidad de implantaciĂłn del SVA en los estudios
de Grado en la facultad de medicina. (Escala de puntuaciĂłn= 1 mĂnimo- 5 mĂĄximo).
Resultados: Se encuestaron a los 25 alumnos que asistieron al curso y su evaluaciĂłn fue: EvaluaciĂłn global del curso=
5,0, docentes participantes=4,8+ 0,3, material empleado=4,2+ 0,5 y las instalaciones= 3,7+ 0,6. Necesidad de
la implantaciĂłn de la formaciĂłn en soporte vital avanzado en los estudios de Grado= 84% imprescindible y el 16%
recomendable. FormaciĂłn de los docentes que impartan esta asignatura= 4% FormaciĂłn especĂfica en urgencias y
emergencias, 4% FormaciĂłn especĂfica en soporte vital y el 92% formaciĂłn especĂfica en soporte vital y metodologĂa
de la formaciĂłn. Espacios docentes especĂficos para la formaciĂłn en soporte vital = 56% imprescindible, 40%
recomendable y el 4% opcional. EscogerĂa la asignatura=100% de alumnos respondiĂł que SI. Posible dotaciĂłn de
créditos=4% 8 créditos, 80% 6 créditos y el 16% se mostró indiferente. Elección del año académico a impartir la asignatura=52%
en quinto y el 48% en sexto. Necesidad de reciclaje= el 100% de los alumnos respondieron SI.
Conclusiones: El grado de satisfacciĂłn con la acciĂłn formativa es muy elevado, destacando la valoraciĂČn a los docentes.
Los alumnos consideran imprescindible que los docentes sean expertos clĂnicos en la atenciĂłn al paciente
en situaciĂłn de PCR, y ademĂĄs dispongan de formaciĂłn especĂfica en metodologĂa de la formaciĂłn aplicada a la
enseñanza del soporte vital. AdemĂĄs consideran que el desarrollo de un mapa competencial especĂfico en soporte
vital debe estar incorporado al curriculum formativo de cualquier estudiante del Grado de Medicina.Objective: To analyze the first training experience in advanced life support (ALS) in medical students, including it as
a free elective course following the rules of the European Resuscitation Council.
Method: This is a cross-sectional observational study. Data were collected from the students who participated in the
course of ALS, as free elective course, held at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Granada. Dates were collected:
sociodemographic, specific aspects of quality of the course, as well as consideration of the students at the possibility of
implementation of SVA in graduate studies in the faculty of medicine. (Rating scale = 1, minimum 5 maximum).Results: The 25 students who attended the course and its evaluation was surveyed was: Overall Course Evaluation
= 5.0, participating teachers = 4.8 + 0.3, material used = 4.2 + 0.5 = 3 facilities, 7 + 0.6. Need for the implementation
of training in advanced life support in the Degree = 84 % essential and 16% recommended. Training of teachers
to impart this course = 4 % Specific training in emergency , 4 % Specific training in life support and 92% specific
training in life support and training methodologies . Specific teaching areas for training in life support = 56 %
essential, 40 % and 4% recommended optional. Choose the course = 100 % of students answered YES. Possible
allocation of credits = 4% 8 credits 6 credits 80 % and 16% were indifferent. Election of the academic year to teach
the subject = 52% in the fifth and sixth 48 %. Need for recycling = 100% of the students answered YES.
Conclusions: The degree of satisfaction with the training is very high, highlighting the valuation teachers. The
students believe that teachers must be skilled in clinical patient care at-PCR, and also have specific training in
training methodology applied to the teaching of life support. Also to consider developing a specific competence
map in life support should be incorporated into the training curriculum for any student of Degree of Medicine
Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Sin / Sense
Sexto desafĂo por la erradicaciĂłn de la violencia contra las mujeres
del Institut Universitari dâEstudis Feministes i de GĂšnere «PurificaciĂłn Escribano» de la Universitat Jaume
Plant Growth Promotion and Biocontrol of Pythium ultimum by Saline Tolerant Trichoderma Isolates under Salinity Stress
This present study evaluates three isolates of Trichoderma as plant growth promoting or biological control agents: Trichoderma aggressivum f. sp. europaeum, Trichoderma saturnisporum, and the marine isolate obtained from Posidonia oceanica, Trichoderma longibrachiatum. The purpose is to contribute to an overall reduction in pesticide residues in the fruit and the environment and to a decrease in chemical fertilizers, the excess of which aggravates one of the most serious abiotic stresses, salinity. The tolerance of the different isolates to increasing concentrations of sodium chloride was evaluated in vitro, as well as their antagonistic capacity against Pythium ultimum. The plant growth promoting capacity and effects of Trichoderma strains on the severity of P. ultimum on melon seedlings under saline conditions were also analysed. The results reveal that the three isolates of Trichoderma, regardless of their origin, alleviate the stress produced by salinity, resulting in larger plants with an air-dry weight percentage above 80% in saline stress conditions for T. longibrachiatum, or an increase in root-dry weight close to 50% when T. aggressivum f. sp. europaeum was applied. Likewise, the three isolates showed antagonistic activity against P. ultimum, reducing the incidence of the disease, with the highest response found for T. longibrachiatum. Biological control of P. ultimum by T. aggressivum f. sp. europaeum and T. saturnisporum is reported for the first time, reducing disease severity by 62.96% and 51.85%, respectively. This is the first description of T. aggressivum f. sp. europaeum as a biological control agent and growth promoter. The application of these isolates can be of enormous benefit to horticultural crops, in both seedbeds and greenhouses
Cladobotryum mycophilum as Potential Biocontrol Agent
A study was conducted to explore the efficacy of potential biocontrol agent Cladobotryum mycophilum against different phytopathogenic fungi. The growth rates of 24 isolates of C. mycophilum were determined, and their antagonistic activity was analysed in vitro and in vivo against Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora capsici, Pythium aphanidermatum and Mycosphaerella melonis. Most isolates grow rapidly, reaching the opposite end of the Petri dish within 72–96 h. Under dual-culture assays, C. mycophilum showed antagonistic activity in vitro against all phytopathogenic fungi tested, with mycelial growth inhibition ranging from 30 to 90% against all the different phytopathogens tested. Similarly, of all the selected isolates, CL60A, CL17A and CL18A significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the disease incidence and severity in the plant assays compared to the controls for the different pathosystems studied. Based on these results, we conclude that C. mycophilum can be considered as a potential biological control agent in agriculture. This is the first study of Cladobotryum mycophilum as a biological control agent for different diseases caused by highly relevant phytopathogens in horticulture