High Biofilm Formation of Non-Smooth Candida parapsilosis Correlates with Increased Incorporation of GPI-Modified Wall Adhesins

Candida parapsilosis is among the most frequent causes of candidiasis. Clinical isolates of this species show large variations in colony morphotype, ranging from round and smooth to a variety of non-smooth irregular colony shapes. A non-smooth appearance is related to increased formation of pseudohyphae, higher capacity to form biofilms on abiotic surfaces, and invading agar. Here, we present a comprehensive study of the cell wall proteome of C. parapsilosis reference strain CDC317 and seven clinical isolates under planktonic and sessile conditions. This analysis resulted in the identification of 40 wall proteins, most of them homologs of known Candida albicans cell wall proteins, such as Gas, Crh, Bgl2, Cht2, Ecm33, Sap, Sod, Plb, Pir, Pga30, Pga59, and adhesin family members. Comparative analysis of exponentially growing and stationary phase planktonic cultures of CDC317 at 30 °C and 37 °C revealed only minor variations. However, comparison of smooth isolates to non-smooth isolates with high biofilm formation capacity showed an increase in abundance and diversity of putative wall adhesins from Als, Iff/Hyr, and Hwp families in the latter. This difference depended more strongly on strain phenotype than on the growth conditions, as it was observed in planktonic as well as biofilm cells. Thus, in the set of isolates analyzed, the high biofilm formation capacity of non-smooth C. parapsilosis isolates with elongated cellular phenotypes correlates with the increased surface expression of putative wall adhesins in accordance with their proposed cellular function.This work was funded by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) (SAF2013-47570-P and SAF2017-86188-P) and the regional government of Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM) (SBPLY/19/180501/000114), all co-financed by the EU (FEDER), to P.W.J.d.G. and E.E., the Consejería de Educación, Universidades e Investigación (GIC15/78 IT-990-16) of Gobierno Vasco-Eusko Jaurlaritza to E.E., and the FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN—Marie-Curie Action: “Initial Training Networks”: Molecular Mechanisms of Human Fungal Pathogen Host Interaction, ImResFun, MC-ITN-606786, to O.B

Influencia de la obesidad y la ganancia de peso sobre la calidad de vida según el SF-36 en individuos de la cohorte dinámica Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra

Antecedentes La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud es un elemento importante en la valoración integral del sobrepeso y la obesidad. Objetivo Evaluar el impacto de la obesidad y la ganancia de peso sobre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en la cohorte dinámica Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra. Materiales y métodos Los análisis incluyeron a 10.033 participantes de la cohorte dinámica prospectiva del Proyecto Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra, con una tasa de respuesta de aproximadamente el 90%. La calidad de vida fue medida con la versión abreviada de la Encuesta de Salud (SF-36) (0: peor calidad de vida, 100: mejor calidad de vida). El análisis estadístico se realizó con modelos lineales generalizados (media de cada dominio del SF-36 e IC al 95%). Una diferencia de 3 puntos fue considerada como clínicamente relevante. Resultados El análisis del SF-36 mostró que la función física, la salud general y la variable física sumario fueron inferiores en las personas con sobrepeso y obesidad al inicio del estudio que en los individuos con normopeso. La población a estudio con sobrepeso u obesidad sin cambios tras 2 años de seguimiento presentó peores puntuaciones en los dominios del SF-36 correspondientes a la función física, dolor corporal, variable física sumario y salud general que los individuos que mantuvieron la categoría del normopeso según el IMC (kg/m2). Conclusiones La obesidad parece asociarse a un impacto negativo sobre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, que afecta más significativamente al área física que a la psicosocial. Background: The health-related quality of life is an important element for the comprehensive assessment of overweight and obesity. Objective: To assess the impact of obesity and weight gain on the health-related quality of life of the dynamic cohort of the Follow-up Program of the University of Navarra. Material and methods: The analysis included 10, 033 participants of the prospective dynamic cohort of the Follow-up Project of the University of Navarra, with a response rate of approximately 90%. The quality of life was measured with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) (0, worst quality of life; 100, best quality of life). The statistical analysis was performed with generalized lineal models (mean of each SF-36 domain and 95% CI). A difference of 3 points was considered clinically relevant. Results: The SF-36 analysis showed that physical function, general health and the physical component summary were inferior in individuals with excess weight and obesity at the start of the study, compared with individuals with normal weight. The study population with unchanged excess weight or obesity after 2 years of follow-up presented lower scores on the SF-36 domains corresponding to physical function, body pain, physical component summary and general health than individuals who maintained the normal weight category according to BMI (kg/m2). Conclusions: Obesity appears to be associated with a negative impact on health-related quality of life, affecting the physical area more significantly than the psychosocial

Variabilidad química y mineralógica de las facies glauconíticas del sector norte del margen continental Mar de Alborán

Three morphological types in glauconite grains have been observed in shallow marine sediments from the Albertan Sea, off-shore Benalmádena (Malaga, Spain). The samples were taken at depths of 50 to 225 m XRD, SEM, and EPMA studies reveal a relationship between depth and different parameters such as colour, morphology, structure and chemistry of the glauconitic phase. As depth increases the mineral phase evolves form amorphous and/or smectitic types to the ordered 1M glauconite phases. This evolution is accompanied by an increase in K and Si and a depletion in Ca, Al and Fe.Se han estudiado granos glauconíticos de los sedimentos superficiales de la plataforma y talud continentales (profundidades entre 50 y 225 m) de la Cuenca del Mar de Alborán, frente a la localidad de Benalmádena (Málaga). Se han diferenciado tres tipos morfológicos de granos glauconíticos, cuya abundancia varía en función de su tamaño y de la profundidadglauconíticos a la que se encuentran. Las técnicas de difamación de rayos-X, microscopia electrónica de barrido y microonda electrónica indican una relación entre el color y morfología de los granos y la evolución mineralógica y química en función de la profundidad. La evolución mineralógica consiste en un proceso de reorganización desde fases amorfas y/o esmectíticas hasta fases más ordenadas del tipo glauconita 1M. Dicho ordenamiento estructural va acompañado de un aumento del contenido de K y Si y disminución de Ca, Al y Fe

La conducta violenta y actividad física de los adolescentes en acogimiento residencial

The present study aims to analyze the levels of violent behavior, self-esteem and practice of AF in adolescents who are in residential care ruling possible relationships between all variables with three hypotheses. The participation of a total of 203 adolescents allowed the registration and evaluation of violent conduct variables (Violent Behavior Scale in School), Self-esteem (as measured by the General Self-Esteem Scale Rosenberg) and Self Registration Sheet for values ​​AF issues. The results showed that adolescents living in the family home are regular team sports contact, that aggression levels are similar and that one third of them have low self- fulfilling two of the three hypotheses, and denoting mismatch between aggression, self-esteem and sport mode developed.El presente estudio que tiene como objetivo analizar los niveles de conducta violenta, autoestima y práctica de Actividad Física en adolescentes que se encuentran en acogimiento residencial donde se dictaminan posibles relaciones entre todas las variables con tres hipótesis. Participaron 203 adolescentes evaluados mediante la Escala de Conducta Violenta en la Escuela, Test de Autoestima General de Rosenberg y Hoja de Autoregistro para valorar la Actividad Física. Los resultados mostraron que los adolescentes no residentes en el hogar familiar son asiduos practicantes de deportes colectivos de contacto, que los niveles de agresividad son similares y que un tercio de ellos tienen autoestima baja, cumpliendo dos de las tres hipótesis, y denotando falta de correspondencia entre agresividad, autoestima y modalidad deportiva

Correlación en triatlón masculino entre fases y resultado inal en los JJOO de Pekin 2008

Introduction: Triathlon is a sport that is composed of the combination of three phases of competition. The most widespread triathlon is the Olympic, and is used in the Olympic Games, consists of swim, 1.5 km, bike 40 km and run 10 km. Aims: To determine the influence of the duration and order of the phases with the final result of the test in the male triathlon in the Olympic Games Beijing 2008. Method: We analyzed the data of 50 athletes who finished. Results and conclusions: The final result is not determined by the order of the phases, nor by the duration of these, the least influential phase has been Bike with rs = .039; p = .351; Being the one that has occupied the most time with 52.55%; The most influential phase was the Run phase with rs = .991; and p = .000; and R2 = .982 and with duration 30.21%.Introducción: El triatlón es un deporte que se compone de la combinación de tres fases de competición. La modalidad de triatlón más extendida es la olímpica, y es utilizada en los Juegos Olímpicos (JJOO), se compone de nado 1,5 km, bicicleta 40 km y carrera 10 km. Objetivos: Determinar la influencia de la duración y orden de las fases con el resultado final de la prueba en el triatlón masculino en los JJOO Pekín 2008. Método: Se analizaron los datos de 50 deportistas que finalizaron. Resultados y conclusiones: El resultado final no viene determinado ni por el orden de las fases, ni por la duración de estas, la fase menos influyente ha sido Bike con rs= 0,039; p =0,351; siendo la que más tiempo ha ocupado con un 52,55%; la fase más influyente ha sido la fase Run con rs=0,991; y p=0,000; y R2=0,982 y con duración 30,21%

Mapa de series, geoseries y geopermaseries de vegetación de España (Memoria del mapa de vegetación potencial de España). Parte II

Peer Reviewe

Chikungunya virus infections among travellers returning to Spain, 2008 to 2014

Since the first documented autochthonous transmission of chikungunya virus in the Caribbean island of Saint Martin in 2013, the infection has been reported within the Caribbean region as well as North, Central and South America. The risk of autochthonous transmission of chikungunya virus becoming established in Spain may be elevated due to the large numbers of travellers returning to Spain from countries affected by the 2013 epidemic in the Caribbean and South America, as well as the existence of the Aedes albopictus vector in certain parts of Spain. We retrospectively analysed the laboratory diagnostic database of the National Centre for Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III (CNM-ISCIII) from 2008 to 2014. During the study period, 264 confirmed cases, of 1,371 suspected cases, were diagnosed at the CNM-ISCIII. In 2014 alone, there were 234 confirmed cases. The highest number of confirmed cases were reported from the Dominican Republic (n = 136), Venezuela (n = 30) and Haiti (n = 11). Six cases were viraemic in areas of Spain where the vector is present. This report highlights the need for integrated active case and vector surveillance in Spain and other parts of Europe where chikungunya virus may be introduced by returning travellers