Consumer food prices: recent developmentsin the euro area and Spain

Rationale Food prices have lately grown at rates unprecedented in recent decades. A detailed comparative analysis of these developments and their determinants from an international perspective is therefore interesting, focusing especially on dairy and cereals, given their high weight in the consumption basket and the strength of their inflation. Takeaways •Food inflation in Spain has not been particularly different from that recorded in the euro area. However, its contribution to headline inflation has been greater because of food’s higher weight in Spain’s consumption basket. •The prices of virtually all foods are rising, albeit with considerable heterogeneity. •Different essentially global factors, which affected food commodity supply and production costs, have been the main determinants of food price developments, as illustrated by dairy and cereals

Uso de las redes sociales como herramienta de marketing: una aplicación a las entidades de crédito

El proceso de transformación y reestructuración llevado a cabo por las entidades de crédito en el territorio español durante los últimos años ha hecho que sea necesario establecer una mayor comunicación entre dichas entidades y sus clientes. Ante esta situación, unida al auge experimentado por las redes sociales, se considera relevante analizar el uso de éstas como herramienta de marketing por parte de las entidades de crédito. Es por ello que el objetivo de este trabajo es identificar si el uso de las redes sociales por parte de las entidades que han participado en un proceso de fusión difiere del que llevan a cabo el resto de entidades. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la condición de entidad participante de un proceso de fusión no es una característica distintiva de las entidades de crédito en el uso de redes sociales.Asociación de Jóvenes Investigadores de Cartagena, (AJICT). Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial UPCT, (ETSII). Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronónica, (ETSIA), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación (ETSIT). Escuela de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales, y Puertos y de Ingeniería de Minas, (EICM). Fundación Séneca, Agencia Regional de Ciencia y Tecnología. Parque Tecnológico de Fuente Álamo. Grupo Aquilin

Kidney Transplantation from a Donor Following Cardiac Death Supported with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

To expand the donor pool, organ donation after cardiac death (DCD) has emerged. However, kidneys from DCD donors have a period of long warm ischemia between cardiac arrest and the harvesting of the organs. Recently, we used extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to minimize ischemic injury during 'no touch' periods in a Maastricht category II DCD donor and performed two successful kidney transplantations. The kidneys were procured from a 49-yr-old male donor. The warm ischemia time was 31 min, and the time of maintained circulation using ECMO was 7 hr 55 min. The cold ischemia time was 9 hr 15 min. The kidneys were transplanted into two recipients and functioned immediately after reperfusion. The grafts showed excellent function at one and three months post-transplantation; serum creatinine (SCr) levels were 1.0 mg/dL and 0.8 mg/dL and the estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) were 63 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 78 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the first recipient, and SCr levels were 1.1 mg/dL and 1.0 mg/dL and eGFR were 56 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 64 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the second recipient. In conclusion, it is suggested that kidney transplantation from a category II DCD donor assisted by ECMO is a reasonable modality for expanding donor pool

Evolución reciente de los precios de consumo de los alimentos en el área del euro y en España

Motivación Los precios de los alimentos han registrado recientemente alzas sin precedentes en las últimas décadas, por lo que resulta de interés un análisis pormenorizado de dicha evolución y de sus factores determinantes desde una perspectiva internacional comparada, con especial detalle en el caso de los productos lácteos y de los cereales, dado su elevado peso en la cesta de la compra y la intensidad de los incrementos observados en sus precios. Ideas principales •El incremento de los precios de los alimentos en España no ha sido particularmente distinto al registrado en el área del euro, aunque su contribución a la inflación general ha sido más intensa debido al mayor peso de los alimentos en la cesta de consumo española. •El incremento de los precios se está produciendo en la práctica totalidad de los distintos productos alimenticios, si bien se observa una elevada heterogeneidad entre ellos. •Distintos factores de naturaleza eminentemente global, que afectaron a la oferta y a los costes de producción de las materias primas alimenticias, han sido condicionantes de primer orden en la evolución de los precios de los alimentos, tal y como ilustran los casos de los productos lácteos y los cereales

Digital and methodological transformation of vocational education and training in the post-COVID era

En los últimos años, han existido distintas iniciativas para la modernización de la Formación Profesional (FP) al respecto de las estrategias docentes y el uso de tecnologías digitales. Este estudio tiene por objeto analizar la transformación digital y metodológica de la FP que la pandemia haya podido generar. Con este fin, se ha utilizado una metodología mixta secuencial, basada en una encuesta a profesorado de FP (N=158) y entrevistas a 11 coordinadores/as de ciclo durante el curso 2021-2022. Los resultados demuestran que el profesorado más innovador es mujer, joven y con participación en proyectos de innovación. También destaca el incremento a lo largo de la pandemia en la variedad de estrategias didácticas que el profesorado usa, con especial crecimiento del aprendizaje activo. Por último, existe un mayor uso de estrategias didácticas variadas tanto en la plataforma docente como en herramientas externas. En conclusión, la pandemia ha contribuido a impulsar una transformación que llevaba años tratando de activarse.In recent years, several initiatives have attempted to revamp Vocational Education and Training (VET) regarding teaching strategies and digital technologies. The purpose of this study is to analyse the digital and methodological transformation that the pandemic may have generated in VET. To this end, a sequential mixed methodology has been implemented using a survey to gather the views of VET teachers (N=158) and 11 interviews with 11 coordinators during the 2021-2022 academic year. The results show that the most innovative teachers are young women who participate in innovation projects. It is also worth noting the increase in the variety of teaching strategies used by teachers during the pandemic, with a special growth in active learning. Finally, findings demonstrate a greater use of varied didactic strategies both in the teaching platform and in external tools. In conclusion, the pandemic has contributed to promoting a transformation that had been trying to be implemented for years

How to Assess Diabetic Kidney Disease Progression? From Albuminuria to GFR

Malaltia renal crònica; Diabetis mellitus; Malaltia renal diabèticaEnfermedad renal crónica; Diabetes mellitus; Enfermedad renal diabéticaChronic kidney disease; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic kidney diseaseDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most relevant complications of type 2 diabetes and dramatically increases the cardiovascular risk in these patients. Currently, DKD is severely infra-diagnosed, or its diagnosis is usually made at advanced stages of the disease. During the last decade, new drugs have demonstrated a beneficial effect in terms of cardiovascular and renal protection in type 2 diabetes, supporting the crucial role of an early DKD diagnosis to permit the use of new available therapeutic strategies. Moreover, cardiovascular and renal outcome trials, developed to study these new drugs, are based on diverse cardiovascular and renal simple and composite endpoints, which makes difficult their interpretation and the comparison between them. In this article, DKD diagnosis is reviewed, focusing on albuminuria and the recommendations for glomerular filtration rate measurement. Furthermore, cardiovascular and renal endpoints used in classical and recent cardiovascular outcome trials are assessed in a pragmatic way.The authors are current recipients of research grants from the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria-Feder—Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI17/00257) and REDinREN (RD16/0009/0030)

Avances en la inmunosupresión para el trasplante renal. Nuevas estrategias para preservar la función renal y reducir el riesgo cardiovascular

The development of new immunosuppressants for renal transplantation is aimed not only at improving short-term outcomes, but also at achieving better safety, cardiovascular, and metabolic profiles and at decreasing nephrotoxicity. Belatacept is a fusion protein that inhibits T cell activation by binding to CD80 and CD86 antigens. Clinical trials, particularly the BENEFIT and BENEFIT-EXT studies, have shown that belatacept preserves function and structure in renal grafts. The effects of belatacept provide long-term, sustained results, and the safety and efficacy of this drug have been demonstrated in cases of renal transplantation from expanded criteria donors. Compared to calcineurin inhibitors, belatacept is associated with a lower incidence of chronic allograft nephropathy and a more favourable cardiovascular and metabolic profile

Effectiveness of individualized inhaler technique training on low adherence (LowAd) in ambulatory patients with COPD and asthma

© 2022. This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/ This document is the published version of a published work that appeared in final form in npj primary care respiratory medicineTo analyze whether there is improvement in adherence to inhaled treatment in patients with COPD and asthma after an educational intervention based on the teach-to-goal method. This is a prospective, non-randomized, single-group study, with intervention and before-after evaluation. The study population included 120 patients (67 females and 53 males) diagnosed with asthma (70.8%) and COPD (29.1%). The level of adherence (low and optimal) and the noncompliance behavior pattern (erratic, deliberate and unwitting) were determined by the Test of the adherence to Inhalers (TAI). This questionnaire allows you to determine the level of adherence and the types of noncompliance. Low Adherence (LowAd) was defined as a score less than 49 points. All patients received individualized educational inhaler technique intervention (IEITI). Before the IEITI, 67.5% of the patients had LowAd. Following IEITI, on week 24, LowAd was 55% (p = 0.024). Each patient can present one or more types of noncompliance. The most frequent type was forgetting to use the inhaler (erratic), 65.8%. The other types were deliberate: 43.3%, and unwitting: 57.5%. All of them had decreased on the final visit: 51.7% (p = 0.009), 25.8% (p = 0.002), 39.2% (p = 0.002). There were no significant differences in adherence between asthma and COPD patients at the start of the study. The only predicting factor of LowAd was the female gender. An individualized educational intervention, in ambulatory patients with COPD and asthma, in real-world clinical practice conditions, improves adherence to the inhaled treatment

Incidence of adverse events of the Covid-19 vaccine in a population of kidney transplant recipients

Introducción: Early published series suggest that most renal transplant recipients remain at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to poor humoral response after vaccination. The aim was to study the occurrence of adverse events after two doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine in a population of renal transplant recipients. Material and Method: Analytical, observational, and prospective study. Subjects were injected with two doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 according to the schedule established by the laboratory. After injection of each dose, and up to 72 hours later, participants recorded local and/or systemic symptoms and their intensity. Results: 187 patients were included. Eighteen percent of them became infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the pre-vaccination period or between the 1st and 2nd dose. The incidence of adverse events was 91.2%. Of these, the incidence of local (62%) was higher than that of systemic (55%). Past infection was a risk factor for the occurrence of local adverse events after vaccination (OR= 2.4; p=0.045). The same association was detected for systemic adverse events, which were more frequent among those who had passed the disease (OR=3.83; p=0.003). Conclusions: The mRNA-1273 vaccine does not appear to cause serious side effects. The incidence of local and systemic adverse events was higher in those patients with past disease

Tubulo-interstitial inflammation increases the risk of graft loss after the recurrence of IgA nephropathy

Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most frequent recurrent disease in kidney transplant recipients and its recurrence contributes to reducing graft survival. Several variables at the time of recurrence have been associated with a higher risk of graft loss. The presence of clinical or subclinical inflammation has been associated with a higher risk of kidney graft loss, but it is not precisely known how it influences the outcome of patients with recurrent IgAN. Methods: We performed a multicentre retrospective study including kidney transplant recipients with biopsy-proven recurrence of IgAN in which Banff and Oxford classification scores were available. 'Tubulo-interstitial inflammation' (TII) was defined when 't' or 'i' were ≥2. The main endpoint was progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 or to death censored-graft loss (CKD5/DCGL). Results: A total of 119 kidney transplant recipients with IgAN recurrence were included and 23 of them showed TII. Median follow-up was 102.9 months and 39 (32.8%) patients reached CKD5/DCGL. TII related to a higher risk of CKD5/DCGL (3 years 18.0% vs 45.3%, log-rank 7.588, P = .006). After multivariate analysis, TII remained related to the risk of CKD5/DCGL (HR 2.344, 95% CI 1.119?4.910, P = .024) independently of other histologic and clinical variables. Conclusions: In kidney transplant recipients with IgAN recurrence, TII contributes to increasing the risk of CKD5/DCGL independently of previously well-known variables. We suggest adding TII along with the Oxford classification to the clinical variables to identify recurrent IgAN patients at increased risk of graft loss who might benefit from intensified immunosuppression or specific IgAN therapies.Work in this report was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RICORS2040: RD21/0005/0010 and RD21/0005/0012). Acknowledgements: The authors acknowledge the valuable contribution of all collaborators of the ‘Grupo de Trasplante Renal de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología’ (SENTRA)