Numerical Simulation of Different Splitter Angles of a Pelton Bucket to Increase the Power Generated by The Pelton Wheel

The efficiency of a Pelton turbine depends mostly on its geometry. A design with suitable dimensions, offers higher generation of energy. However, some of these dimensions are underappreciated because of their low influence. Therefore, this study presents through a recompilation of data, the simulation was developed in ANSYS 19®. The importance of taking in count each parameter of the geometry of a Pelton bucket, analysing in this work the influence of the splitter angle in the force generated by a bucket. Nine geometries of a Pelton bucket are developed with splitter angles between 17 and 25°. The most suitable angle is determined, finding through the simulations that the geometry of 23° generates more force than other geometries. Simplifying the geometry and the mesh can generate faster results, however, exaggerating in the meshing process will affect the reliability of the obtained results

Numerical Simulation of Different Splitter Angles of a Pelton Bucket to Increase the Power Generated by The Pelton Wheel

The efficiency of a Pelton turbine depends mostly on its geometry. A design with suitable dimensions, offers higher generation of energy. However, some of these dimensions are underappreciated because of their low influence. Therefore, this study presents through a recompilation of data, the simulation was developed in ANSYS 19®. The importance of taking in count each parameter of the geometry of a Pelton bucket, analysing in this work the influence of the splitter angle in the force generated by a bucket. Nine geometries of a Pelton bucket are developed with splitter angles between 17 and 25°. The most suitable angle is determined, finding through the simulations that the geometry of 23° generates more force than other geometries. Simplifying the geometry and the mesh can generate faster results, however, exaggerating in the meshing process will affect the reliability of the obtained results

Ensamble sobre violencia simbólica. Producción mediante los Estudios Visuales

Contiene análisis sobre obras artísticas en un contexto específico y registros de la producción personal en video arteTesis de Maestría con análisis de un fenómeno social y la producción artística en videoarteEl Estudiante recibió la beca Conacyt para estudiar la Maestría inscrita en el PNPC-Conacyt-Méxici

Effect of row orientation on soil water content and vine water status on a Cabernet franc vineyard in Madrid, spain

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of row orien¬tation on vine and soil water status in an irrigated vineyard. The trial was developed during 2006, 2007 and 2008, in the South East region of Madrid (Spain) on 5-year old Cabernet franc grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted onto 140Ru. Plant spacing was 2.5 m x 1.5 m and vines were trained to a VSP. Four orientations were stu¬died: North-South (N-S), East-West (E-W), Northeast-Southwest (N+45) and North-South +20o (N+20). Irrigation (0.4•ET0) started when shoot growth stopped. Soil water availability was measured using a TDR technique with forty buried probes. Row orientation did not have any effect on water consumption in the vineyard. At maturity, leaf water potential was measured at predawn, early mor¬ning, midday and 14:00 solar time, on both canopy sides - sun and shade – ; the early morning measurement was the one that better differentiated treatments. Leaf water potential was a good indica¬tor of plant water status. Differences between (N-S and E-W) and (N+20 and N+45) treatments were obtained both on sun and shade canopy sides, N+20 and N+45 having lower leaf water potentials then drier leaves. The water stress integral shows that N-S and E-W reach the end of maturation with a greater level of hydration than N+45 and N+20. As a whole, N+45 and N+20 orientations, without affecting too much the soil available water content, induce regularly more water stress to the vine at some periods, probably due to an higher sunlight interception in early morning which makes water limitation for the vine more early and thus more severe during the day

Triboelectric nanogenerator as self-powered impact sensor

In recent years, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are used to harvest mechanical energy from ambient environment. These devices convert ambient energies (e.g. vibrations, breathing-driven, impacts or human body motions) into electricity based on the triboelectric effect. Furthermore, some TENGs can be successfully employed as self-power active sensors because the electric response from the TENG is proportional to the magnitude of the mechanical motion. This study report on the design and development of a novel triboelectric nanogenerator, and its potential application as self-powered impact sensor. To prepare the TENG device, membranes of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers are sandwiched between copper electrode films and wrapped on PET films. The TENG works based on the triboelectric interaction between the membranes of nanofibers. After the preparation, the TENGs are subjected to several impacts by the drop-ball impact test. The purpose of the experiment is to analyse if the electric response of TENG is dependent on the energy of the impact. The results of the experiment are presented and discussed. The main contributions of this work are the preparation of a novel nanogenerator (TENG) based on the triboelectric interaction between polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinylpyrrolidone sub-micron polymer fibers and the investigation of its potential use as a self-powered impact sensor

National Strategy for River Restoration in Spain: A multidisciplinary approach.

A National Strategy for River Restoration is being implemented by the Spanish Ministry of Environmental Affairs, with the scientific assistance of the Universidad Politécnica of Madrid. Theoretical concepts from Fluvial Geomorphology and Ecology, together with Water Framework Directive principles and objectives, have been the basis for this Strategy, whose the main objective is to improve the ecological status of rivers, recovering their natural variability and dynamics

Apoyo psicosocial a familias de personas con enfermedad mental grave y prolongada

La calidad de vida de las familias se ve afectada cuando uno de sus miembros presenta elevadas necesidades de apoyo. Variables como el apoyo social y el sentido de coherencia parecen mediar en el impacto del cuidado sobre la calidad de vida. En el presente estudio analizamos los apoyos percibidos por los cuidadores, el significado otorgado al cuidado y los cambios experimentados en la calidad de vida tras asumir el rol de cuidador. Los participantes han consistido en 50 familiares de personas con enfermedad mental, a quienes se les ha aplicado un cuestionario para analizar la experiencia de cuidar, los apoyos y la calidad de vida. Aunque los resultados indican que los cuidadores invierten muchas horas a las tareas de cuidado, para un porcentaje sustancial la relación ha mejorado tras asumir las tareas de cuidador. En promedio, diferentes dimensiones de calidad de vida experimentan un descenso significativo al tener que hacer frente a las tareas de cuidado. No obstante, la calidad de la relación mantenida previamente con la persona cuidada, la manejabilidad de esta tarea, o la existencia de tiempos para el cuidado personal, afectan a las valoraciones de la calidad de vida.Family quality of life is affected when one member shows high support needs. Variables such as social support and sense of coherence appear to mediate the impact of care on quality of life. In the present study we analyzed the support perceived by caregivers, the meaning given to care, and the changes experienced in quality of life after assuming the role of caregiver. Participants consisted of 50 family members of individuals with mental illness who responded to a questionnaire to analyze the experience of caring and the perceived supports and quality of life. Although the results indicate that caregivers spend many hours performing care tasks, for a substantial percentage the quality of the relationship has improved after being caregiver. On average, the different dimensions of quality of life experienced a significant decline when dealing with care giving tasks. However, previous relationship quality with the person receiving care, the handling of this task, or the existence of personal care time, affect ratings on quality of life.peerReviewe

Restoration of Peru Pavilion (Seville, 1927): selection and analysis of water-repellent treatment

[EN] The Peru Pavilion was built for the Ibero-American Exposition of 1929 in Seville. In 2017 the building presented significant alterations, mainly consisting of large quantities of dirt, many cracks and the detachment of fragments affecting the ornamental concrete and mortar elements on its façades. This was the reason why it was necessary to develop a restoration project and the subsequent intervention on the façades. This research was based on a preliminary study phase in which the main causes of alterations in the building were identified, to evaluate the most appropriate preventive treatments for its conservation. The second phase focused specifically on controlling restoration work, mainly to verify the efficacy and suitability of the treatment applied through onsite tests and instrumental analysis techniques in the laboratory.[ES] El Pabellón del Perú fue construido para la Exposición Iberoamericana de 1929 en Sevilla. En 2017, el edificio presentaba un alto grado de suciedad, grietas y desprendimiento de fragmentos como principales manifestaciones de degradación en los elementos ornamentales de hormigón y mortero que componen sus fachadas. Tal estado de conservación hizo necesaria la redacción de un proyecto de restauración de las fachadas y la consecuente intervención. Este trabajo se basó en una fase de estudio previo en la que se identificaron las principales causas de deterioro del edificio para evaluar cuáles podrían ser los tratamientos más convenientes de cara a su conservación preventiva. En una segunda fase se abordó el control específico de la intervención de restauración, en particular para verificar la eficacia e idoneidad del tratamiento aplicado mediante pruebas in situ y técnicas de análisis instrumental.Flores Alés, V.; Alejandre Sánchez, FJ.; Martín Del Rio, JJ.; Villegas Sánchez, R.; Torres González, M. (2021). La restauración del Pabellón del Perú (Sevilla, 1927): selección y análisis del tratamiento de hidrofugación. Loggia, Arquitectura & Restauración. 0(34):120-137. https://doi.org/10.4995/loggia.2021.14096120137034BALAKRISHNA, M. N.; RAHMAN, M. M.; CHAMBERLAIN, D. A.; MOHAMMAD, F.; EVANS, R.: "Determination of flow rate of water in concrete by Rilem tube method". International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering Research, vol. 2 nº 4 (2013), pp. 98-109.BASHEER, L.; KROPP, J.; CLELAND, D. J.: "Assessment of the durability of concrete from its permeation properties: a review". Construction and Building Materials, vol. 15 nº 2-3 (2001), pp. 93-103. doi: 10.1016/S0950-0618(00)00058-1. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(00)00058-1CORONADO MARTÍN, J. A.; RODRÍGUEZ RODRÍGUEZ, A.; GARCÍA SANTOS, A.: "Mathematical model for prediction of colour in the aging of waterproofed porous face ceramic". Revista de la Construcción, vol. 17 nº 2 (2018), pp. 222-300. doi: 10.7764/rdlc.17.2.222. https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.17.2.222CORPAS F. A.; CODINA, S.; RUIZ ROMÁN, J. M.; RUIZ PRIETO, J. M.; ALONSO SANTOS, C.: "Characterization of material composite marble-polyester". Materiales de Construcción, vol. 52 nº 268 (2002), pp. 65-71. doi: 10.3989/mc.2002.v52.i268.318. https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2002.v52.i268.318COSTA, D.; DELGADO RODRIGUES, J.: "Testing new water repellent solutions to protect deteriorated granite". Restoration of Buildings and Monuments, vol. 20 nº 6 (2014), pp. 413-422. https://doi.org/10.1515/rbm14.20.6-0040CRESPO, C.: Arquitectura doméstica de la Ciudad de los Reyes (1535-1750). pp. 231-295, CSIC-Univ. Sevilla-Dip. Sevilla. Sevilla, 2006.CULTRONE, G.; MADKOUR, F.: "Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment products in improving the quality of ceramics used in new and historical buildings". Journal of Cultural Heritage, vol. 14 nº 4 (2013), pp. 304-310. doi: 10.1016/j.culher.2012.08.001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2012.08.001DEL POZO SERRANO, A.; HARO RUIZ, E.: "El pabellón del Perú". Aparejadores: boletín del Colegio Oficial de Aparejadores y Arquitectos Técnicos de Sevilla, vol. 21 (1987), pp.13-20.DELGADO RODRIGUES, J., GROSSI A.: "Indicators and ratings for the compatibility assessment of conservation actions". Journal of Cultural Heritage, vol. 8 nº 1 (2007), pp. 32-43. doi: 10.1016/j.culher.2006.04.007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2006.04.007V. FLORES-ALÉS; F. J. ALEJANDRE; F. J. BLASCO-LÓPEZ; J. R. BAEZA; R. VILLEGAS. Concrete façade conservation of the Peru Pavilion of Seville (1927). Analysis of decay and evaluation of protection treatments. pp.197-200. En: Conserving Cultural Heritage. Crc Press/Balkema. Cádiz, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315158648-50GHERARDI, F.; GULOTTA, D.; GOIDANICH, S.; COLOMBO, A.; TONIOLO, L.: "On-site monitoring of the performance of innovative treatments for marble conservation in architectural heritage". Heritage Science, vol. 5 (2017), pp. 4. doi: 10.1186/s40494-017-0118-5 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-017-0118-5GRACIANI, A.: La participación internacional y colonial en la Exposición Iberoamericana de Sevilla de 1929. ICAS - Ayto. Sevilla - Universidad de Sevilla. Sevilla, 2010.GUILLITTE, O.: "Bioreceptivity: a new concept for building ecology studies". Science of the Total Environment, vol. 167 nº 1-3 (1995), pp. 215-220. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04582-L https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04582-LHOUS, Y. F.;, WITTMANN, F. H.: "Depth profiles of carbonates formed during natural carbonation". Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 32 nº 12 (2002), pp. 1923-1930. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00908-0 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00908-0HUET, B.; L'HOSTIS, V.; MISERQUE, F.; IDRISSI, H.: "Electrochemical behavior of mild steel in concrete: Influence of pH and carbonate content of concrete pore solution". Electrochimica Acta, vol. 51 nº 1 (2005), pp. 172-180. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.04.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2005.04.014ORTEGA ANDRADE, F.: Patología de la Construcción: Humedades en la edificación. Editan S.A. Sevilla, 1994PAN, X.; SHI, C.; FARZADNIA, N.; HU, X.; ZHENG, J.: "Properties and microstructure of CO2 surface treated cement mortars with subsequent lime-saturated water curing". Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 99 (2019), pp. 89-99. doi: 10.1016/J.CEMCONCOMP.2019.03.006.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.03.006SAETTA, A. V.;, SCHREFLER, B. A.; VITALIANI, R. A.: "The carbonation of concrete and the mechanism of moisture, heat and carbon dioxide flow through porous materials". Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 23 nº 4 (1993), pp. 761-772. doi:10.1016/0008-8846(93)90030-D https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(93)90030-DSHARMA, G.; WU, W.; DALAL, E. N.: "The CIEDE2000 color-difference formula: implementation notes, supplementary test data, and mathematical observations". Color Research & Application, vol. 30 nº 1 (2005), pp. 21-30. doi: 10.1002/col.20070 https://doi.org/10.1002/col.20070UNE-EN 16581:2016. Conservación del patrimonio cultural. Protección superficial para materiales inorgánicos porosos. Métodos de ensayo de laboratorio para la evaluación de las prestaciones de los productos hidrófugos / Conservation of Cultural Heritage - Surface protection for porous inorganic materials - Laboratory test methods for the evaluation of the performance of water repellent products.UNE-EN 1936:2007. Métodos de ensayo para piedra natural. Determinación de la densidad real y aparente y de la porosidad abierta y total / Natural stone test methods - Determination of real density and apparent density, and of total and open porosity.UNE-EN ISO 12571:2015. Prestaciones higrotérmicas de los productos y materiales para edificación. Determinación de las propiedades de sorción higroscópica. (ISO 12571:2013) / Hygrothermal performance of building materials and products - Determination of hygroscopic sorption properties (ISO 12571:2013).UNE-EN 15801:2010. Conservación del patrimonio cultural. Métodos de ensayo. Determinación de la absorción de agua por capilaridad / Conservation of cultural property - Test methods - Determination of water absorption by capillarity.UNE-EN 1925:1999. Métodos de ensayo para piedra natural. Determinación del coeficiente de absorción de agua por capilaridad / Natural stone test methods - Determination of water absorption coefficient by capillarity.VILLEGAS, F.: "El Pabellón Peruano en la Exposición Iberoamericana de Sevilla (1929)". Anales del Museo de América, vol. 23 (2015), pp.143-183.L. E. WUFFARDEN. Manuel Piqueras Cotolí (1885-1937). Arquitecto, escultor y urbanista entre España y el Perú. Museo de Arte de Lima, Lima, 2003

Pavement crack detection and clustering via region-growing algorithm from 3D MLS point clouds

Road condition monitoring plays a critical role in transportation infrastructure maintenance and traffic safety assurance. This research introduces a methodology to detect cracks on pavement point clouds acquired with Mobile Laser Scanning systems, which offer more versatility and comprehensive information about the road environment than other specific surveying systems (i.e., profilometers, 3D cameras). The methodology comprises the following steps: (1) Road segmentation; (2) the detection of candidate crack points in individual scanning lines of the point cloud, based on point elevation; (3) crack point clustering via a region-growing algorithm; and (4) crack geometrical attributes extraction. Both the profile evaluation and the region-growing clustering algorithms have been developed from scratch to detect cracks directly from 3D point clouds instead of using raster data or Geo-Referenced Feature images, offering a quick and effective pre-rating tool for pavement condition assessment. Crack detection is validated with data from damaged roads in Portugal.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación | Ref. PID2019-105221RB-C43Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación | Ref. FJC2018-035550-