La influencia del destino en dos personajes de la novela, Donde deben estar las catedrales de Severino Salazar

1 archivo PDF (9 páginas). Coloquio realizado del 28 al 30 de octubre de 2015 en la Casa Rafael Galván. Área de Literatura; Maestría en Literatura Mexicana Contemporánea; Especialización en Literatura Mexicana del Siglo XX."¿Quare de vulva eduxisti me?, ¿Por qué me expulsaste de tu matriz? No sé si deba estarte agradecido por haberme dado, sin que yo lo pidiera, esta hermosa pesadilla que se llama vida” (p. 60). “Lo más bello de la vida es que ignoramos nuestro destino” (p. 26), afirma Crescencio en la novela de Severino Salazar, Donde deben estar las catedrales. En el pensamiento arcaico griego, la maldición de los padres, aseveran Maurizio Bettini y Giulio Guidorizzi en su libro, El mito de Edipo, es una enfermedad hereditaria que se transmite a los hijos. Por esa razón cuando Layo rapta y viola al hijo adolescente de su amigo Pélope, éste lo maldice. Así Layo recibe la maldición que la transmite a su hijo Edipo y a sus nietos, quienes “al nacer, llevan en su interior la semejanza del que los ha precedido: pues de padres a hijos se transmiten las culpas y el destino” (p. 35).

Modeling of the spatial distribution of Bactericera cockerelli Sulc. (Hemiptera: Triozidae), in Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae)

La producción de Solanum tuberosum L., Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. y Physalis ixocarpa Brot. (Solanales: Solanaceae) ha sufrido fuertes pérdidas económicas por la presencia de Bactericera cockerelli Sulc. (Hemiptera: Triozidae) al asociarse con las enfermedades punta morada o “zebra chip", además de ser el transmisor de Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum. Las alternativas de control utilizadas han carecido de eficacia por desconocer la distribución espacial del insecto dentro de la parcela. Conocer dicho comportamiento permitiría focalizar las alternativas de control, haciéndolas más eficaces. Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo modelizar la distribución espacial de los estadíos de huevo, ninfa y adulto de B. cockerelli obtenidos en muestreos por transectos en un cultivo de papa, utilizando herramientas geoestadísticas. Los resultados indican que la distribución espacial de las poblaciones de huevos, ninfas y adultos de B. cockerelli fue de tipo agregada en cada fecha de muestreo. La validación cruzada de los semivariogramas obtenidos corrobora la distribución agregada en las poblaciones de B. cockerelli. Por su parte, los mapas elaborados permiten observar la estructura agregada de las poblaciones del insecto, permitiendo identificar áreas infestadas y áreas libres. Se encontró estabilidad espacio temporal para los tres estadios del insecto.The production of Solanum tuberosum L., Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. and Physalis ixocarpa Brot. (Solanales: Solanaceae) is prone to economic loses because of the presence of Bactericera cockerelli Sulc., which is related to the Purple Top and “zebra chip" diseases, and is also considered a vector of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum. The alternatives of control have been inefficient because none of them have considered the spatial behavior of the insect inside the plot. Such behavior would allow focusing the control alternatives, making them more efficient. The purpose on this work was to model the spatial distribution of the eggs, nymphs and adults of B. cockerelli which were obtained in potato field by transects samplings, by using geostatistics tools. The results indicate that the spatial distribution of the populations of eggs, nymphs and adults of B. cockerelli type was aggregated in each sampling date. The cross validation of the semivariograms corroborates the aggregated distribution of eggs, nymphs and adults of B. cockerelli. The generated maps allow observing the aggregated structure of the insect population, letting identify both infested areas and not-infested areas. Spatiotemporal stability was found for the three stages of the insect.Fil: Ramírez, José Francisco. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Facultad de Ciencias AgrícolasFil: Porcayo-Camargo, Elvia. Chiapas (México). Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad San Cristóbal de las CasasFil: Sánchez, Jesús Ricardo. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Facultad de Ciencias Agrícola

Spatial distribution and intra-annual variability of water masses on the Eastern Gulf of Cadiz seabed

This paper presents the spatial distribution and intra-annual variability of seabed hydrography in the Eastern Gulf of Cadiz based on more than 10 years of near-bottom CTD observations. Well-defined water masses and a variety of mixing products are persistently sorted along three bathymetric areas occupying particular depth intervals: (i) inner shelf waters (<60 m depth), with strong coastal and atmospheric influence; (ii) low-salinity Eastern North Atlantic Central Waters (ENACW) related to the Gulf of Cadiz Current (GCC) along the central and outer shelf (between 100 and 250 m depth); and (iii) a range of salinity and temperature flavors associated with the dense Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) occupying the deeper grounds. All three are characterized by significant March– November hydrographic differences suggesting an intra-annual variability pattern. After summer heating and stratification of the water column, warm (17.8 °C) and saline (36.26) waters occupy the inner-shelf in November whereas cooler (14.6 °C) and less saline (36.17) waters occur in March as the combined result of the erosion of the seasonal thermocline and intensified continental runoff. Offshore, colder, more saline and hence denser MOW invades the upper slope in March diluting the easternmost tip of a saltier ENACW wedge and nudging its outer rim up onto the shelf. This narrows and constricts the GCC band in winter, while its bottom trace appears to broaden and stretch eastwards in November. More effective MOW-ENACW mixing west of the Strait of Gibraltar driven both by an elevated MOW and a less stratified ENACW could explain the winter salinification of most of the grounds deeper than 250 m.En prensa2,088

Effect of Microwave and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction on the Phytochemical and In Vitro Biological Properties ofWillow (Salix alba) Bark Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts

White willow (Salix alba) is a medicinal plant used in folk medicine. In this study, aqueous and ethanolic willow bark extracts were obtained via ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and analyzed regarding their phytochemical (total phenolics, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins) content and in vitro biological properties (antibacterial and antifungal activity, acetylcholinesterase AChE inhibitory activity and anti-inflammatory effects). The highest phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid contents were found for willow bark extracts obtained via microwave-assisted extraction using ethanol as a solvent (SA-ME). The polyphenol load of all MAE and UAE extracts was higher when conventional solid–liquid extraction was applied (r < 0.05). The antioxidant capacities were stronger for microwave-assisted ethanolic extracts, with the lowest IC50 values of 12 g/mL for DPPH and a value of 16 g/mL for ABTS +, whereas the conventional extraction had the highest IC50 values (22 g/mL and 28 g/mL, respectively). Willow bark extract showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. AChE inhibitory activity was dependent on the extraction method and solvent used, and the highest inhibition among samples was observed for SA-ME. Taken altogether, our findings suggest that willow (Salix alba) bark extract obtained via ethanolic microwave-assisted extraction is a phytochemical-rich resource with in vitro, anti-inflammatory, and AchE inhibitory properties and, therefore, potential multiple medicinal end-uses.NCSU faculty start-up funds (M.M. 411050-02834)Junta de Extremadura (ref. GR21121—AGA008)European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)University National of Agriculture (Honduras) (Ref. C-DSIP-008-2023-UNAG

Recent applications of the Successive Self-nucleation and Annealing thermal fractionation technique

Successive Self-nucleation and Annealing (SSA) is a thermal fractionation technique that is performed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The combination of non-isothermal and isothermal steps applied during SSA achieves efficient molecular segregation during polymer crystallization. Such molecular segregation magnifies the effect of defects in polymer chain crystallization, thereby providing information on chain structure. The technique was created and implemented by Müller and co-workers in 1997, becoming a powerful resource for studying ethylene/α-olefin copolymers. The different variables to design the SSA protocol: fractionation window, fractionation time, scanning rate, sample mass, and the first self-nucleation temperature to be applied (Ts, ideal), have been previously reviewed, together with the different applications of SSA. SSA versatility, simplicity (when properly applied), and short times to produce results have allowed its use to study novel and more complex polymeric systems. This review article explores the most recent applications of SSA of the past decade. First, the principles of the technique are briefly explained, covering all the relevant variables. Next, we have selected different cases that show how SSA is employed in various novel fields, such as studying intermolecular interactions and topological effects in homopolymers; supernucleation and antinucleation effects in nanocomposites, including the pre-freezing phenomenon; crystallization modes in random copolymers; solid-solid transitions; miscibility, co-crystallization and composition in blends; evaluation of polymer synthesis variables; and the novel information that could be gained by using fast scanning chip-based calorimetry. Finally, we offer a perspective on SSA, a technique that has become a powerful method for studying the distribution of defects affecting crystallization in semi-crystalline polymers.This work has received funding from the Basque Government through grant IT1503-22 and from MICINN (PID2020-113045GB-C21). We would also like to acknowledge the financial support from the BIODEST and the REPOL projects; these projects have received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreements No. 778092 and No. 860221. It has also been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51820105005, 52050410327)