Poe in the comic book: adaptations and influences

En este artículo se muestra la relación de E.A. Poe con el mundo del cómic. Esta es una relación que va más allá de la abundante, tanto cuantitativa como cualitativamente, traslación que de su obra se ha realizado al medio de la narrativa gráfica, y que también incluye la gran influencia que tuvo el autor en los primeros comic-books americanos y, particularmente, en un género de cómic de una gran difusión como es el cómic de horror y misterio cuya estructura está basada en las historias cortas. También se cubre en este artículo la presencia de Poe, en algunas historias, como un personaje más de cómic, mostrando que la trascendencia de la personalidad del autor es, en cierta medida, tan importante como la de su obra.The relationship between E.A. Poe and the comic’s world is shown in this paper. This is a relationship which not only goes beyond the abundant, both quantitatively and qualitatively, translation of his work to the graphic narrative medium, but also includes the big influence that the author had in the initial American comic-books and, particularly, in a comic genre with a big audience as the horror and mystery comic-book whose structure is based on short stories. The presence of Poe, in some stories, as a simple comic character is also covered in this paper, showing that the transcendence of the author’s personality is, to a certain extent, as important as his wor

Health Care Costs Associated to Type of Feeding in the First Year of Life

Background: Breastfeeding is associated with lower risk of infectious diseases, leading to fewer hospital admissions and pediatrician consultations. It is cost saving for the health care system, however, it is not usually estimated from actual cohorts but via simulation studies. Methods: A cohort of 970 children was followed-up for twelve months. Data on mother characteristics, pregnancy, delivery and neonate characteristics were obtained from medical records. The type of neonate feeding at discharge, 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months of life was reported by the mothers. Infectious diseases diagnosed in the first year of life, hospital admissions, primary care and emergency room consultations and drug treatments were obtained from neonate medical records. Health care costs were attributed using public prices and All Patients Refined?Diagnosis Related Groups (APR?DRG) classification. Results: Health care costs in the first year of life were higher in children artificially fed than in those breastfed (1339.5€, 95% confidence interval (CI): 903.0?1775.0 for artificially fed vs. 443.5€, 95% CI: 193.7?694.0 for breastfed). The breakdown of costs also shows differences in primary care consultations (295.7€ for formula fed children vs. 197.9€ for breastfed children), emergency room consultations (260.1€ for artificially fed children vs. 196.2€ for breastfed children) and hospital admissions (791.6€ for artificially fed children vs. 86.9€ for breastfed children). Conclusions: Children artificially fed brought about more health care costs related to infectious diseases than those exclusively breastfed or mixed breastfed. Excess costs were caused in hospital admissions, primary care consultations, emergency room consultations and drug consumptionThis research has been subsidized by the Valdecilla Health Research Institute (IDIVAL). Project awarded as the best project to be developed in Cantabria in the 19th call for research projects “Enfermería Valdecilla”. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Factors associated with duration of breastfeeding in Spain: a cohort study

Background: Factors associated with duration of breastfeeding have been usually studied at specific times after birth. Little is known about how much time is added to breastfeeding by each associated factor. Methods: A cohort of 969 mother-child dyads was followed-up for twelve months at the Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Spain, in 2018. Data on mother characteristics, pregnancy, delivery and children characteristics were obtained from medical records. Length of breastfeeding was reported by the mothers and recorded in paediatric medical record at hospital discharge and 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months of life. Factors associated with duration of breastfeeding were analysed via multivariate Weibull regression parameterized as accelerated time of failure. Results are presented as time ratios. Results: About four out of five children were breastfed at hospital discharge, although this proportion dropped to 65% in children born from smoker women, 70% in preterm children and 68% in neonates weighting less than 2500 g. Mother´s age was associated with longer breastfeeding, adding 2% more breastfeeding time per year (adjusted time ratio 1.02; 95% confidence interval 1.00, 1.04). Children born from mothers with university studies were breastfed 53% more time than those born from mothers with primary studies (adjusted time ratio 1.53; 95% confidence interval 1.21, 1.95); smoking in pregnancy decreased length of breastfeeding by 41% (adjusted time ratio 0.59; 95% confidence interval 0.46, 0.76). Other factors associated with longer breastfeeding were single pregnancy and newborn weight over 2500 g. Conclusions: Analysing factors associated with duration of breastfeeding as time parameters allows us to quantify the amount of time gained or lost by each factor, which could make it easier to evaluate the relevance of programmes directed to promote facilitating breastfeeding factors.This research has been subsidized by the Valdecilla Health Research Institute (IDIVAL). Project awarded as the best project to be developed in Cantabria in the 19th call for research projects “Enfermería Valdecilla”. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

The Reflection of Americanism in Milton Caniff’s work

This article looks at what many authors have termed “Americanism” in the work of Milton Cani , which allows us to trace this ideological current’s evolution throughout the twentieth century. Cani ’s work shifts from support for Chinese Communist resistance against the Japa- nese invasion in the pre-World War II Sino-Japanese War, to the crusade of a character like Steve Canyon against Communism during the Cold War, largely following U.S. American ideology in each of these historical moments. This ideological evolution is the central object of this study.Este artículo muestra la presencia de lo que muchos autores han denominado americanismo en la obra de Milton Cani , la cual permite trazar la evolución de dicha corriente ideológica a lo largo del siglo xx. En este sentido, la obra de Cani pasa de apoyar la resistencia comunista china en contra de la invasión japonesa durante la guerra chino/japonesa antes de la segunda guerra mundial, a retratar la cruzada de un personaje como Steve Canyon contra el comunismo en tiempos de la guerra fría, siguiendo decididamente la ideología estadunidense en cada uno de estos momentos. Tal evolución ideológica es el objeto central del presente estudio

Prólogo del director del Instituto Franklin/Universidad de Alcalá

Foreword.Prólogo

Poe en el cómic: adaptaciones e influencias

The relationship between E.A. Poe and the comic’s world is shown in this paper. This is a relationship which not only goes beyond the abundant, both quantitatively and qualitatively, translation of his work to the graphic narrative medium, but also includes the big influence that the author had in the initial American comic-books and, particularly, in a comic genre with a big audience as the horror and mystery comic-book whose structure is based on short stories. The presence of Poe, in some stories, as a simple comic character is also covered in this paper, showing that the transcendence of the author’s personality is, to a certain extent, as important as his workEn este artículo se muestra la relación de E.A. Poe con el mundo del cómic. Esta es una relación que va más allá de la abundante, tanto cuantitativa como cualitativamente, traslación que de su obra se ha realizado al medio de la narrativa gráfica, y que también incluye la gran influencia que tuvo el autor en los primeros comic-books americanos y, particularmente, en un género de cómic de una gran difusión como es el cómic de horror y misterio cuya estructura está basada en las historias cortas. También se cubre en este artículo la presencia de Poe, en algunas historias, como un personaje más de cómic, mostrando que la trascendencia de la personalidad del autor es, en cierta medida, tan importante como la de su obra