7 research outputs found
In the wings of DĂ©dalo: a study on the medium circulating in Brazil between the years 1840 to 1853
Os problemas do meio circulante na primeira metade do sĂ©culo XIX deram origem a acaloradas discussĂ”es na CĂąmara dos Deputados. Estes debates buscavam encontrar soluçÔes que dessem estabilidade Ă moeda e que permitissem a expansĂŁo da economia. De modo geral, a questĂŁo da moeda estava imbricada com a questĂŁo dos bancos, entendidos por alguns como sendo a causa da depreciação da moeda. Apesar de existirem referĂȘncias a planos e leis para solucionar estes problemas na dĂ©cada de 1830, Ă© a partir da dĂ©cada seguinte que a discussĂŁo ganha força. Foi no encaminhamento destas questĂ”es que se aprovaram leis tratando da provincialização do meio circulante, da substituição das notas em circulação e da criação de um novo banco nacional. Este Ășltimo seria o responsĂĄvel por uma nova emissĂŁo de bilhetes que teriam, de novo, a confiança da população em seu valor. Esta pesquisa buscou acompanhar as discussĂ”es na CĂąmara dos Deputados e na AssemblĂ©ia Legislativa Provincial tratando de identificar os deputados que se manifestaram nos discursos relativos Ă moeda e aos bancos, os argumentos que eles usaram e quais seus planos. Este debate ficou conhecido por alguns autores como sendo o debate entre metalistas e papelistas, que professariam, no campo da moeda, as crenças dos grupos conservador e liberal.The problems in the currency in the first part of the century XIX, gave space to discussions in the Chamber of Deputies?. This debates were looking to find solutions that could give stability to economy and allow it to grow. In a general way, the issue of the money was associated with the bank issue, understood by some as the reason for the depreciation. Even tough there were some references to plans and laws to get a solution for these problems in decade of 1830, is in the next decade that the discussion gained strength. Was in the develop of these issues that laws were approved about the provincialization of bills, of the substitution of the notes in circulation and the creation of the national bank. This last one would be the responsible for a new emission of notes that would, again, gain the trust of population. This research aimed for follow the discussion of the deputies in the Chamber and in the Provincial Assemble trying to identify the deputies that manifest themselves in the speeches related to the currency and the banks, the arguments they have used and their plans. This debates were known by some authors as the debate between the metalistas and the papelistas, that professed, in the monetary field, the believes of the groups conservador e liberal
The Danaides\' jar: a study on the debate of the currency in Brazil between the years 1850 to 1866 in key decision-making bodies
Uma das preocupaçÔes fundamentais desta pesquisa foi acompanhar e entender o processo decisĂłrio em torno das polĂticas econĂŽmicas que, ao contrĂĄrio do que muitas vezes se alegou, demonstrou ter uma importĂąncia central no Estado brasileiro, em meados do sĂ©culo XIX. A anĂĄlise dos discursos polĂticos sobre a moeda e o sistema bancĂĄrio foi utilizada como ferramentas que ajudassem a entender melhor os consensos temporĂĄrios sobre as questĂ”es econĂŽmicas e as posiçÔes polĂticas da elite polĂtica imperial. O estudo revelou que as inversĂ”es de rumo adotadas pelos parlamentares brasileiros nĂŁo estavam relacionadas apenas com transformaçÔes estruturais centradas nos partidos polĂticos, o que revelou um quadro mais complexo e dinĂąmico tanto no campo polĂtico, quanto no econĂŽmico, do que se costuma supor. Pelo acompanhamento dos debates depreende-se que os projetos saneadores da moeda adotados pela elite polĂtica foram sinceros, o que significa dizer que ao enfrentar os problemas econĂŽmicos os representantes da nação utilizaram seus conhecimentos para encontrar soluçÔes viĂĄveis aos obstĂĄculos que se apresentavam, nem sempre sendo bem-sucedidos nos resultados obtidos. Portanto, ressaltei que se tratava tambĂ©m de uma histĂłria de anseios e frustraçÔes, readequaçÔes e sucessos, mas, acima de tudo, das transformaçÔes de conceitos econĂŽmicos que foram refinados, de posiçÔes polĂticas alternadas e de projetos paulatinamente adaptados.One of the main concerns of this research was to follow and understand the decision-making process surrounding the economic policies that, contrary to what is often claimed, demonstrated a central role in the Brazilian State in the mid-nineteenth century. The analysis of political speeches on the currency and the banking system has been used as tools to help better understand the temporary consensus on economic issues and the political elite of imperial policy. The study revealed that the reversals of direction taken by Brazilian legislators were not only related to structural transformations centered on political parties, which revealed a more complex and dynamic both in the political field and on the economic, than is commonly supposed. By tracking the discussions it appears that projects correctives currency adopted by the political elite were sincere, which means that the economic problems facing the nation\'s representatives used their expertise to find viable solutions to the obstacles that presented themselves, not always being successful the results. So I pointed out that it was also a story of longing and frustrations, and successes, adjustments, but, above all, the transformations of economic concepts that have been refined, political positions and alternate projects gradually adapted
A evasĂŁo de ouro dos fundos bancĂĄrios em meados do sĂ©culo XIX e suas consequĂȘncias para a polĂtica econĂŽmica
Resumo A transformação institucional de 1850 foi resultado de intensos debates no Ăąmbito das instĂąncias legislativas brasileiras. Colateralmente, implicava um esvaziamento dos fundos bancĂĄrios, especialmente, na praça carioca. A evasĂŁo de moeda ameaçou colocar em xeque o empenho de adequação do sistema bancĂĄrio proposto pelo governo nesse perĂodo. Neste trabalho procuro identificar a posição dos responsĂĄveis pelas polĂticas econĂŽmicas, como encaminharam essa situação e os reflexos destes na legislação do ano de 1860. Busco retomar nĂŁo sĂł o esforço em busca da estabilidade monetĂĄria como as frustraçÔes pelos resultados obtidos e sua posterior reelaboração materializada na Lei dos Entraves. Utilizo como fonte os RelatĂłrios dos Ministros da Fazenda e os Anais da CĂąmara dos Deputados. Esta artigo Ă© resultado de uma pesquisa mais ampla que busca reconstituir a inter-relação entre as instĂąncias decisĂłrias na questĂŁo monetĂĄria e bancĂĄria
Stoma-free Survival After Rectal Cancer Resection With Anastomotic Leakage: Development and Validation of a Prediction Model in a Large International Cohort.
Objective:To develop and validate a prediction model (STOMA score) for 1-year stoma-free survival in patients with rectal cancer (RC) with anastomotic leakage (AL).Background:AL after RC resection often results in a permanent stoma.Methods:This international retrospective cohort study (TENTACLE-Rectum) encompassed 216 participating centres and included patients who developed AL after RC surgery between 2014 and 2018. Clinically relevant predictors for 1-year stoma-free survival were included in uni and multivariable logistic regression models. The STOMA score was developed and internally validated in a cohort of patients operated between 2014 and 2017, with subsequent temporal validation in a 2018 cohort. The discriminative power and calibration of the models' performance were evaluated.Results:This study included 2499 patients with AL, 1954 in the development cohort and 545 in the validation cohort. Baseline characteristics were comparable. One-year stoma-free survival was 45.0% in the development cohort and 43.7% in the validation cohort. The following predictors were included in the STOMA score: sex, age, American Society of Anestesiologist classification, body mass index, clinical M-disease, neoadjuvant therapy, abdominal and transanal approach, primary defunctioning stoma, multivisceral resection, clinical setting in which AL was diagnosed, postoperative day of AL diagnosis, abdominal contamination, anastomotic defect circumference, bowel wall ischemia, anastomotic fistula, retraction, and reactivation leakage. The STOMA score showed good discrimination and calibration (c-index: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.66-0.76).Conclusions:The STOMA score consists of 18 clinically relevant factors and estimates the individual risk for 1-year stoma-free survival in patients with AL after RC surgery, which may improve patient counseling and give guidance when analyzing the efficacy of different treatment strategies in future studies