Regional inclusive development: An assessment of Russian regions

The concept of inclusive development is gaining momentum in both the academic and policy-making arenas. There are a plethora of definitions and several indicators with which to monitor its progress at the national level. However, the regional level has been relatively overlooked in the analyses carried out by academics. This is particularly serious for large countries marked by deep regional disparities. The aim of this paper is to address this gap by proposing and applying a framework to assess inclusive development at the regional level. Drawing on a critical analysis of the concept and existing indexes, the paper proposes an index of Regional Inclusive Development and applies it to the regions of the Russian Federation. Moreover, it compares the suggested index with established indicators of regional socio-economic development, namely quality of life and gross product. The results support the idea that at the regional level, there is a significant correlation and interdependence between all dimensions of the sustainable development concept—environment, the economy, and society—and that inclusiveness should not be ignored or undervalued in the analysis of development processes. Furthermore, the results show significant differences in the positioning of the regions in terms of the inclusive development rankings as compared to their positions in the quality of life and gross product rankings. The results also reveal small interregional differences among Russian regions, which are unexpected given the size of the country.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

New framework of assessing the impacts of companies on regional sustainable development: The Sakha case

his paper is based on the proposed hypothesis: the activities of a company (especially a large, backbone company) in the social, environmental and economic spheres have a corresponding impact on certain aspects of the sustainable development of the region. The goal of the study is to prove this relationship at a conceptual level using indicators of sustainable development applied at different levels of socio-economic systems. The paper addresses a relevant gap in the literature: the absence of frameworks allowing the assessment of the interactions and intendancies between levels. To do this, the literature on this issue was studied and it was proved that there were no studies with a similar framework. The study draws on the systems of sustainable development indicators, suggested in literature and used for the assessment of sustainable development at the regional and company's level and proposes a framework to integrate them. For that it uses the classical balance scorecard (BSC) tools - the strategic maps both for a region and a company. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in Russian Federation and public joint stock company “ALROSA” were chosen as the basic object of research at the regional and corporate level, respectively. The built strategic maps reflect the decomposition of the main strategic goal and contain an interdependent set of sustainable development indicators for each level, which can be used to assess and monitor the results of the relevant strategies. Then, a new conceptual framework reflecting the impact of the l company's activities on the sustainable development of the region is proposed. The framework includes the performance indicators of the company and the region by three dimensions of sustainable development - environmental, social, and economic. On the basis of the conceptual scheme of the relationship, it is possible in the future to build econometric models based on the proposed indicators. The identified quantitative assessments in this case will make it possible to make strategic management decisions that will maximize the positive effect of the implementation of the sustainable development strategy in the region using the potential of companies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Схемы разделения бинарной смеси гидроксиацетон–фенол с использованием специальных методов ректификации

Objectives. To study the possibility of hydroxyacetone–phenol binary mixture (a constituent of a mixture of phenol production by the cumene method) separation in flowsheets based on the use of distillation special methods. This is the addition of separating agents to increase the relative volatility of the components of the original mixture, and the variation of pressure in the columns.Methods. A computational simulation in Aspen Plus® was used as the research method. Mathematical modeling of the vapor–liquid equilibrium was carried out using a local compositions model Non-Random Two Liquid. The viability of the latter was confirmed by comparing experimental and calculated on phase equilibrium data, and azeotropic data. The average relative error does not exceed 3%.Results. The dependence of the composition and boiling point of the hydroxyacetone–phenol azeotrope on pressure was determined in a computational experiment (as the pressure increases, the azeotrope is enriched with phenol). The possibility of using a complex of columns operating under different pressures to separate the mixture was shown (the shift of the azeotrope is about 9%). The change in the relative volatility of components of the original mixture in the presence of a high(diethylene glycol) and a low-boiling (acetone) separating agent was investigated. Both solvents are selective agents used in extractive and re-extractive distillation processes. Three technological separation flowsheets containing two distillation columns were proposed.Conclusions. The study established the operation parameters of the columns (number of theoretical stages, feed stages of the original mixture and separating agent, and reflux ratio) and energy consumption (total heat supplied to the columns boiler) of three separation flowsheets ensuring the production of products of a given quality (not less than 0.99 mol fractions). The flowsheet with diethylene glycol is characterized by the lowest energy consumption. It is recommended that complexes of extractive and re-extractive distillation be further optimized. This enables the second product of cumulus production—acetone—to be involved in the technological cycle.Цели. Исследовать возможность разделения смеси гидроксиацетон–фенол (составляющей смеси производства фенола кумольным методом) в схемах, базирующихся на использовании специальных приемов ректификации: добавлении разделяющих агентов, повышающих относительную летучесть компонентов исходной смеси, и варьировании давления в колоннах.Методы. В качестве метода исследования применялся вычислительный эксперимент в среде программного комплекса Aspen Plus®. Математическое моделирование равновесия жидкость–пар проводилось с использованием модели локальных составов Non-Random Two Liquid. Адекватность последнего подтверждена сравнением экспериментальных и расчетных данных о фазовом равновесии, данных об азеотропии; средняя относительная ошибка не превышала 3%.Результаты. В вычислительном эксперименте определена зависимость состава и температуры кипения азеотропа гидроксиацетон–фенол от давления (при увеличении давления азеотроп обогащается фенолом), показана возможность использования комплекса колонн, работающих под разным давлением, для разделения смеси (сдвиг азеотропа составляет порядка 9%). Исследовано изменение относительной летучести пары компонентов исходной смеси в присутствии тяжело(диэтиленгликоль) и легкокипящего (ацетон) разделяющего агента. Оба растворителя являются селективными агентами для процессов экстрактивной и реэкстрактивной ректификации. Предложены три принципиальные технологические схемы разделения, содержащие две ректификационные колонны.Выводы. Определены статические параметры работы колонн (число теоретических тарелок, номера тарелок подачи исходной смеси и разделяющего агента, флегмовое число) и энергозатраты (суммарные нагрузки на кипятильники колонн) трех схем разделения, обеспечивающие получение продуктов заданного качества (не ниже 0.99 мол. долей). Наименьшими энергозатратами характеризуется схема с диэтиленгликолем. Для дальнейшей оптимизации рекомендованы комплексы экстрактивной и реэкстрактивной ректификации. Последняя позволяет вовлечь в технологический цикл второй продукт кумольного производства – ацетон

МЕТОД РАСЧЕТА ПОВЕРХНОСТНОГО НАТЯЖЕНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ

A method of surface tension calculation used by Sugden is based on the difference in the densities of a liquid and its vapor. A similar result was obtained by Bachynskyi. To expand the field of application of the formula for polar liquids Steele polarity factor was introduced. The experimental data have an error of up to 3%. The generalized processing of the experimental data by the surface tension of hydrocarbons enables to obtain a calculation formula for determining the temperature dependence of the modified surface tension of hydrocarbons. Parameters (temperature and surface tension) corresponding to minimum of free energy for the liquid – vapor phase transition were used as modification scales when constructing the generalized dependencies. The developed method was used to summarize the experimental data by the surface tension of gas condensates of different areas.П олучены обобщенные зависимости поверхностного натяжения углеводородов, построенные на базе принципа минимума свободной энергии фазового перехода жидкость–пар

Modulation of forebrain function by nucleus incertus and relaxin-3/RXFP3 signaling

This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Modulation of forebrain function by nucleus incertus and relaxin‐3/RXFP3 signaling, CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2018, vol. 24, no 8, p. 694-702, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.12862. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.The nucleus incertus (NI) in the pontine tegmentum sends ascending projections to the midbrain, hypothalamus, amygdala, basal forebrain, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex, and has a postulated role in modulating several forebrain functions. A substantial population of GABAergic NI neurons expresses the neuropeptide, relaxin‐3, which acts via the Gi/o‐protein‐coupled receptor, RXFP3, present throughout the forebrain target regions. Broad and specific manipulations of these systems by activation or inhibition of the NI or modulating RXFP3 signaling have revealed key insights into the likely influence of the NI/relaxin‐3/RXFP3 system on modalities including arousal, feeding, stress responses, anxiety and addiction, and attention and memory. This range of actions corresponds to a likely impact of NI/(relaxin‐3) projections on multiple integrated circuits, but makes it difficult to draw conclusions about a generalized function for this network. This review will focus on the key physiological process of oscillatory theta rhythm and the neural circuits that promote it during behavioral activation, highlighting the ability of NI and relaxin‐3/RXFP3 signaling systems to modulate these circuits. A better understanding of these mechanisms may provide a way to therapeutically adjust malfunction of forebrain activity present in several pathological conditions

Оценка адекватности моделирования фазовых равновесий на основе различных наборов экспериментальных данных

Objectives. The purpose of the paper is to compare the adequacy of mathematical models of vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) and their ability to reproduce the phase behavior of the ternary system benzene–cyclohexane–chlorobenzene using different experimental data sets to evaluate binary interaction parameters.Methods. The research methodologies were mathematical modeling of VLE in the Aspen Plus V.10.0 software package using activity coefficient models (Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL), Wilson) and the Universal quasichemical Functional-group Activity Coefficients (UNIFAC) group model, which allows for independent information. For the benzene–cyclohexane–chlorobenzene ternary system, the use of the NRTL equation is warranted because it provides a better description of the VLE experimental data.Results. The diagram construction of the constant volatility of cyclohexane relative to benzene lines revealed three topological structures. Only one of them can be considered reliable because it corresponds to the experimental data and coincides with the UNIFAC model diagram constructed based on independent UNIFAC model data. The results indicate that to study systems containing components with similar properties, it is necessary to improve the description quality of the available data sets (the relative error should not exceed 1.5%).Conclusions. The reproduction of the thermodynamic features of various manifolds in the composition simplex obtained by processing direct VLE data can be used to supplement the adequacy of the model. For the cyclohexane–benzene–chlorobenzene system, the best NRTL equation parameters are those regressed from the extensive experimental VLE data available in the literature for the ternary system as a whole.Цели. Сравнительный анализ адекватности математических моделей парожидкостного равновесия (ПЖР) и их возможности воспроизводить особенности фазового поведения тройной системы бензол–циклогексан–хлорбензол при использовании разных наборов экспериментальных данных для оценки параметров бинарного взаимодействия.Методы. В качестве методов исследования выбрано математическое моделирование ПЖР в программном комплексе AspenPlus V.10.0. с использованием уравнений локальных составов (NRTL, Wilson) и групповой модели UNIFAC, позволяющей получить независимую информацию. Для системы бензол–циклогексан–хлорбензол обоснован выбор уравнения NRTL, обеспечивающего более высокое качество описания экспериментальных данных ПЖР.Результаты. Построение диаграммы хода линий постоянной летучести циклогексана относительно бензола выявило три топологических структуры, из которых только одна может считаться достоверной, поскольку соответствует данным натурного эксперимента и совпадает с диаграммой, построенной на основе независимых данных модели UNIFAC. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что при исследовании систем, содержащих близкие по свойствам компоненты, необходимо повышать качество описания имеющихся массивов данных (относительная ошибка не должна превышать 1.5%).Выводы. Воспроизведение термодинамических особенностей хода различных многообразий в концентрационном симплексе, полученных обработкой прямых данных ПЖР, может служить дополнительной оценкой адекватности модели. Для системы циклогексан–бензол–хлорбензол наилучшим является набор параметров уравнения NRTL, которые оценены по обширным экспериментальным данным ПЖР, имеющимся в литературе для тройной системы в целом

Zero-energy vortices in Dirac materials

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via the DOI in this record In this brief review, we survey the problem of electrostatic confinement of massless Dirac particles, via a number of exactly solvable one- and two-body models. By considering bound states at zero energy, we present a route to obtain truly discrete states of massless Dirac particles in scalar potentials, circumventing the celebrated Klein tunnelling phenomenon. We also show how the coupling of two ultrarelativistic particles can arise, and discuss its implications for cutting-edge experiments with two-dimensional Dirac materials. Finally, we report an analytic solution of the two-body Dirac-Kepler problem, which may be envisaged to bring about a deeper understanding of critical charge and atomic collapse in mesoscopic Dirac systems.European Union Horizon 202

Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome in elderly patients and long-livers. Features of treatment. Literature review and case report

Despite the growing population of elderly people and long-livers every year, the treatment of acute coronary syndrome in these groups is not fully developed and is not regulated in clinical guidelines due to the lack of large randomized clinical trials. The article presents a literature review covering the following issues arising during clinical decision-making in the treatment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome in this group of patients: selection of invasive treatment strategy, scope of myocardial revascularization, appointment of dual antiplatelet therapy taking into account the bleeding risk, decreased renal function and senile asthenia. In addition, a case report of successful treatment of a 101-year-old female patient with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting of infarct-related artery, was presented

ПРОБЛЕМА ВЫБОРА ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ОСВОЕНИЯ АРКТИЧЕСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ: ОПЫТ РОССИИ И НОРВЕГИИ

The article presents an analysis of the problem of the technology choice for Arctic territories cultivation. The authors regards two alternatives, settlement technology and long-distance commuting. The paper describes two examples of diff erent technologies’ implementation, cases of municipal district Vorkuta (Russian Federation) and archipelago Spitsbergen (Norway). Economic analysis of activity of Norwegian and Russian coal-mining companies confirms the higher level of productivity for Norwegian company SNSK. The authors formulated conclusions concerning economic eff ectiveness of settlement technology and long-distance commuting approach on the basis of economic calculations.В статье изложен анализ проблемы выбора технологии освоения арктических территорий. Авторы рассматривают два альтернативных подхода к освоению северных территорий: оседлый и вахтовый методы. Базируясь на анализе существующей литературы, авторы сформулировали преимущества и недостатки оседлого и вахтового методов освоения. На примере угольных месторождений в МОГО Воркута (Россия) и на архипелаге Шпицберген (Норвегия) описаны два варианта: оседлая и вахтовая технологии освоения. Приведены экономические показатели, подтверждающие более высокую производительность при использовании вахтового метода. Выполнены расчеты бюджетной эффективности перехода на вахтовый метод освоения применительно к МОГО Воркута. Выполнен расчет эффективности вахтового освоения нового месторождения

О ВЗАИМОСВЯЗИ РАЗНОСТЕЙ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ СВОЙСТВ ФРЕОНОВ НА ЛИНИЯХ НАСЫЩЕНИЯ ПРИ ФАЗОВОМ ПЕРЕХОДЕ ЖИДКОСТЬ-ПАР

To construct a generalized dependency, a scale for the unknown quantities and variables must be selected. The states of points are located in P-V-T (pressure-volume-temperature) space. The scale for the construction of generalized dependences of the studied properties and variables of the problem must be sustainable. In order to find a sustainable transition from liquid to vapor the behavior of the characteristic function of free energy is investigated. Since the phase transition occurs at a constant temperature, free energy is equal to expansion work. In the analysis of the liquid-vapor transition, the curve of the temperature dependence of expansion work for all investigated substances has a maximum. The temperature corresponding to the maximum expansion work is denoted by Tm. It was noted that temperature Tm associated with Tc (critical) with the simple relation Tm =0.76Tс with a spread of 2%. Naturally, this state corresponds to the free energy minimum value, and in accordance with the principle of minimality of characteristic functions of this process is stable. Therefore, the parameters of this process were chosen as the bringing scale in the construction of dimensionless dependencies. In this paper we use the method of constructing generalized dependencies in the reduced form, based on the characteristic functions minimality principle. Approximating formulas were obtained for calculating reduced heat of evaporation from reduced density, entropy, and freons surface tension. The reduction scale is considered on the liquid and vapor saturation line under substances consideration. The characteristic functions minimality principle is used. In the course of the analysis, calculation formulas were derived for pure freons both individually and in a combined form. The interrelation between the differences of these thermodynamic properties on the saturation line during a liquid-vapor phase transition is shown. This makes it possible to determine some properties using other methods by calculation.Получены аппроксимирующие формулы для расчета приведенной теплоты парообразования в зависимости от приведенной плотности, энтропии и поверхностного натяжения для чистых фреонов. Для выбора масштабов приведения используется принцип минимальности характеристических функций. Масштабы приведения считаются на линии насыщения жидкости рассматриваемых веществ. При наличии уравнения состояния масштабом приведения для искомых свойств и переменных принимаются параметры критического состояния. В качестве переменных при исследовании свойств веществ используются приведенные величины плотности, энтропии и поверхностного натяжения. По предполагаемой теории исследуемые свойства не зависят от внешних воздействий. Для нахождения устойчивого перехода из жидкости в пар исследуется поведение характеристической функции свободной энергии. В исследуемых зависимостях имеется максимум работы расширения при определенной температуре Tm. И в соответствии с принципом минимальности характеристических функций этот процесс устойчив, поэтому параметры этого процесса выбраны в качестве масштабного состояния. Показана взаимосвязь разностей этих термодинамических свойств на линии насыщения при фазовом переходе жидкость-пар, что дает возможность расчетным путем определить одни свойства через другие