Exact Rational Expectations, Cointegration, and Reduced Rank Regression

We interpret the linear relations from exact rational expectations models as restrictions on the parameters of the statistical model called the cointegrated vector autoregressive model for non-stationary variables. We then show how reduced rank regression, Anderson (1951), plays an important role in the calculation of maximum likelihood estimation of the restricted parameters.

Facilitating Awareness of Trauma for All Staff in an Educational Environment

It is important to address the effects of trauma in the K-12 education system because those effects can have crippling effects on how students succeed academically and in life. The research uncovered in this review of literature pointed to the fact that there are inconsistencies in even defining trauma. There are multiple versions of how to categorize trauma and various ways they manifest, with only some of them being observable. The methods used for addressing trauma have their positives and negatives, however, those methods are inconsistent. This makes it confusing and difficult to evaluate their effectiveness. The capstone project sought to answer the question, how to facilitate a comprehensive awareness about trauma for all staff in an educational environment? using the current research. The necessity of including everyone that is involved with our students’ lives was a critical part of the project. Many people are not included in adult workshops or professional development training but interact with students daily in an educational environment. The project aims to create an understanding and a language that all adults in this setting will have access to this information and can voice their concerns if they believe a student is suffering from trauma

Realization of a DDS/PLL Signal Source for W-band Radar Applications: Automotive FMCW Radar

This thesis presents a realization process, of how a programmable DDS/PLL signalsource were made suitable as an linear FMCW waveform generator for automotiveW-band radar applications. The dissertation describes the specific background theorythat were used to complete the implementation and substantiate the discoveries duringthe development process. Hence is an outline of FMCW basic properties, automotiveradar implementations, applied waveforms and the fundamental radar ambiguity functionpresented and threated. Moreover are vital background theory for basic FMCW designproblems presented, including degradation of range resolution due to loss of effectivebandwidth, nonlinearities in chirp modulation and limitations of the receiver resolution.Additionally is the inevitable problem of FMCW transceiver noise leakage briefly described, along with the general concept of choosing the right beat frequency for maximal FMCW sensitivity and maximal range-Doppler resolution. The specific circuit design is then presented, together with the full radar design which the signal source is intended for. The realization process starts with an initial test of circuit performance, seen in relation to the radar documentation and set the fundament for the further investigation and development. Hence does this part include measurements and discussion of output power achievements, spectral purity, spectral waveform appearance and phase noise. The thesis does then set further focus to more specific methods of measuring and evaluating the circuits LFM waveform, in aspect of a combined frequency and time characterization, chirp linearity achievements and waveform beat frequency evaluation. The dissertation does further describe how the first hand waveform generation were erroneous and how this problem was investigated and solved through radar documentation/source code corrections. As a last part of the realization process is then the final and successive implementation of waveforms described, along with the main results presented as waveform spectrograms and selected beat frequency spectrum plots. The working process and the main results are then summarized in a final summary discussion. The major results and conclusions of the thesis are that the tested NORBIT DDS/PLLsignal source could be realized as an linear FMCW waveform generator with overallgood linear properties. Two basic LFM waveforms, the up-chirp and triangular waveformwere implemented and tested. However were there discovered nonlinearities withinthe up-chirp waveform, due to the transient response of the total circuit. Hence mostlikely caused by the limited PLL frequency lock time. This was proven through aspecific beat frequency analysis of the most affected waveform, with fitted W-band LFMcharacteristics. Nevertheless were the isolated chirp generation within the waveformsconsidered more than sufficient, since both windowing technics and selective samplingcould be used in the future radar implementation. Three specific waveform realizationswere specially recommended for the initial further use. Further were also a specific region of desirable waveform chirp-rates recommended, that enables a good trade off between close target radar sensitivity and digital acquisition system complexity. Additionally did the thesis work conclude with that the NORBIT signal source design, enabled a flexible and easy control of the waveform generation through the microcontroller interface. Further more had also the thesis work resulted in the implementation of two good methods for waveform measurements and analysis. By the use of the spectrogram- and the beat frequency-method, could accurate waveform properties be extracted. Hence were also these methods recommended for further waveform developments in the experimental radar project.Furthermore was it recommended that future effort should be put in to the developmentof more applicable waveforms, to achieve full multiple range-Doppler target extraction.Hence since the overall signal source proved to have the nessesary waveform agility.It was in addition proposed that the future full radar implementation should utilizethe accessabillity of the microcontroller to achieve synchronization of signal sourcemodulation and future sampling solution. Thus to enable beneficial beat frequencysampling for the quadrature radar receiver. Since the mapping of the phase noiseinfluence and the chirp linearity were seen as non-optimal, was it additionally suggested that future studies should yield better methods for such characterization. It was finally put forward that an intermediate simple test radar could be implemented to enable sampling system testing and FMCW signal processing of real measurements, if the millimeter partof the radar is further postponed

Alternatives for the Development of the Maritime business in Rogaland

Master's thesis in Mechanical engineeringThe variance of ship arrivals and departures plays a major role in port and terminal operations. Variance creates unevenness, fluctuation and variation to the onshore supply- and value chain. The analysed SafeSeaNet Norway dataset contains arrival- and departure estimates from a 16-month period which shows that the actual time deviates considerably from the estimated times. There is a big potential to reduced costs when variance can be governed in a proper way mitigating the causes creating variance. Real time information sharing standards should be implemented in the supply- and value chain to enhance the quality of maritime services and customer satisfaction. By using the combination of Total Quality Management (TQM) and LEAN methods and tools, the maritime industry should be able to reduce the cost due to variation significantly. This includes the use of continuous improvement circle processes like the one of Kaizen to enhance resource utilisation. The study concludes that long term gains from mitigating and removing causes of variance will generate extra capacity and that changes can thus contribute to a new way of cargo transportation in North Jæren.submittedVersio

Cyclic Singular Homology

In this study, we develop cyclic singular homology, which is a modification of singular homology in much the same way cyclic homology is a modification of Hochschild homology, and which is a generalized homology theory in terms of the Eilenberg-Steenrod axioms. To achieve this, we take advantage of a cyclic action on the relative singular chain complex induced by the cyclic category of Connes. This results in a precyclic object for which we construct a cyclic double complex. The cyclic singular homology groups of a pair of topological spaces are the total homology groups of this double complex. Having said it is a generalized homology theory, the cyclic singular homology of a point has a copy of the integers in every even dimension, and is trivial otherwise. Reduced cyclic singular homology is defined and the cyclic singular homology groups of some classical, but simple, spaces are calculated. The study is partly based on a paper from 2006 by Jinhyun Park, where he reviews cyclic homology in terms of precyclic objects. As an example application, he shows that the singular chain complex of a topological space is precyclic, and defines cyclic singular homology. He also calculates the homology groups of a point

The Broom Creek Formation (Permian), in Southwestern North Dakota

In North Dakota, the Broom Creek Formation CWolfcampian) exists in the subsurface as the upper unit of the Minnelusa Group. The Broom Creek Formation consists of pink quartzarenite with some intervening dolostone beds. The identification of lithofacies, areal distribution* and stratigraphic relationships were determined from oil well logs, mainly the dual laterolog suite and the FDC-CNL log suite, and macroscopic and microscopic core analysis. Cores were examined from four wells. The major lithofacies identified are: 1) eolian sandstone, 2) nearshore marine sandstone, and 3) marine carbonate. From the sandstone-dolostone distribution, marine predominance existed in the eastern part of the study area and eolian predominance in the west during the deposition of the Broom Creek Formation. A four-phase depositional model is proposed for the preservation of eolian dunes within the Broom Creek Formation: 1) migration of eolian dunes over a low-relief erosional surface, 2) marine transgression and partial reworking of dunes, 3) carbonate mud deposition and, h) marine regression with accompanying diastem and minor er-osion. At least two such extensive cycles occurred in the Broom Creek Formation. However, many minor transgressive- regressive events deposited most beds as discontinuous lenses across the study area. The upper Broom Creek contact reflects considerable paleotopography. The overlying Opeche Formation was deposited, in a sufficiently low energy environment such that much of the original paleosurface on top of the Broom Creek Formation is preserved. In the west, the upper seccion of the Broom Creek Formation existed as dune fields with accompanying interdune areas. The main dlagenetic events in the nearshore marine sandstone lithofacies include iron oxide precipitation* dolorniti zation of carbonate cement* quartz overgrowths, and pressure dissolution. The dlagenetic history of the eollan sandstone lithofacies is similar to the nmrire sandstone lithofacies, with two exceptions; the precipitation of interstitial gypsum (anhydrite) and the absence of carbonate cement. Both sandstone lithofacies exhibit excellent porosity. The marine carbonate lithofacies has been completely clolomi tized and contains minor amounts of vuggy and moldie porosity. From FDC-CNL logs, the accumulation and distribution of nitrogen gas within the Broom Creek Formation was determined. A volumetric calculation of mapped reserves resulted in an estimate of 2 3 trillion cubic fiet \u3c65 billion cubic, meters) of nitrogen gar. in place. The occurrence of nitrogen in the Broom Creek Formation appears to be related to hydrocarbon gene rati \u3en in the underlying Amsden and/or Tyler Formations

An Electromyographic and Video Motion Analysis Study of Sprinters at Varying Speeds and Inclines

Athletes desire to succeed in their respective sport. Several training programs claim to enhance athletic performance by loading specific muscles and joints needed for increased speed, power, and strength in a sport specific manner. One such training regimen is the Frappier Acceleration® program, in which the core element involves sprinting on a treadmill at varying speeds and inclines. The purpose of this study is to describe muscle activity and joint motion while running on a treadmill at different speeds and inclines. Eleven males between the ages of eighteen and twenty-two years of age ran on a treadmill at five different conditions at varying speeds and inclines. One of these trials consisted of the subject walking at 2.4 mph and a 0 percent grade in order to obtain a baseline for comparison of the other four trials. Surface electrodes and joint markers were used to analyze electromyographic activity of eight muscles and calculate joint angles while running. A descriptive analysis was then performed comparing the five trials. From our results we conclude that the sprinter does adopt different strategies and muscle recruitment patterns to compensate for increases in slope. There is an increase in EMG activity in the Vastus Lateralis, Rectus Femoris, Gluteus Maximus, and Tibialis Anterior when running at 8 mph and 25 percent grade when compared to the level condition, and an increase in the EMG activity of all recorded muscles when running at 13 mph and 25 percent grade vs. level running. Examination of range of motion revealed that there was greater overall motion of the hip on the incline trials while displacements of the knee and ankle were relatively similar

Estimating change in a proportion by combining measurements from a true and a fallible classifier

Consider a binary classification of a large population at two points in time. The classification is observed with error for the whole population using a fallible classifier and without error for a random sample using an accurate classifier. Following Tenenbein (1970), the population proportions are estimated by poststratification according to the fallible classifier for both the time points. Assuming a multinomial probability model, the joint asymptotic normality of the two estimators is demonstrated. Comparison is made with the estimator based on the survey data only. In particular the importance of including the same items in the samples at both time points is discussed