Study of perceptive structures in latin american popular music

Este artículo se inicia con una breve revisión de aportes de la investigación musicológica en estructuras perceptivas en Latinoamérica. En 1941 Carlos Vega publica una propuesta de estudio de la música popular, que más tarde con las aportaciones de Humberto Sagredo en 1988, formarán una perspectiva de estudio alternativa respecto a las posiciones más difundidas del estudio de estructuras perceptivas. Revoredo (2006) revisa el planteamiento de Sagredo para definir los procedimientos de análisis y aplicarlos a muchos más ejemplos de música popular, académica y sistemas musicales. En esta teoría aparecen dos conceptos principales: “interés” -referido a la optimización estructural-, y “tiempo perceptivo” -referido a la inducción de articulaciones formales-. Este artículo enfoca dichos conceptos a una variedad de casos de análisis de música popular latinoamericana que incluyen examinar hits en música comercial, rasgueos regionales, ritmos y patrones de percusión, melodías, armonías y formas de temas populares. Estos conceptos estructurales también se han aplicado desde el 2006 en la percepción acústica mediante técnicas de creatividad musical para colectivos de improvisación coordinada, quienes utilizaban las influencias urbana y tradicional de la música popular para generar nuevas canciones. Finalmente se discute que esta línea de investigación puede aportar conocimiento sobre la experiencia de la música popular latinoamericana.This article begins with a brief review of the contributions of musicological research on perceptual structures in Latin America. In 1941 Carlos Vega published a proposal for the study of popular music, which later, with the contributions of Humberto Sagredo in 1988, formed an alternative study perspective with respect to the most widespread positions in the study of perceptual structures. Revoredo (2006) reviews Sagredo's approach to define the analysis procedures and apply them to many more examples of popular and academic music and musical systems. Two main concepts appear in this theory: "interest" referred to structural optimization and "perceptual time" referred to the induction of formal articulations. This article focuses these concepts on a variety of Latin American popular music analysis cases that include examining hits in commercial music, regional strums, rhythms and percussion patterns, melodies, harmonies, and popular theme forms. These structural concepts have also been applied since 2006 in acoustic perception through musical creativity techniques for coordinated improvisation groups, who used the urban and traditional influences of popular music to generate new songs. Finally, it is discussed that this line of research can provide knowledge about the experience of Latin American popular music.Sociedad Argentina para las Ciencias Cognitivas de la Músic

Loop representation of charged particles interacting with Maxwell and Chern-Simons fields

The loop representation formulation of non-relativistic particles coupled with abelian gauge fields is studied. Both Maxwell and Chern-Simons interactions are separately considered. It is found that the loop-space formulations of these models share significant similarities, although in the Chern-Simons case there exists an unitary transformation that allows to remove the degrees of freedom associated with the paths. The existence of this transformation, which allows to make contact with the anyonic interpretation of the model, is subjected to the fact that the charge of the particles be quantized. On the other hand, in the Maxwell case, we find that charge quantization is necessary in order to the geometric representation be consistent.Comment: 6 pages, improved versio

Humberto Sagredo Araya y la musicología latinoamericanista. Presentación del documento "Musicología" de Humberto Sagredo Araya

Humberto Sagredo Araya y la musicología latinoamericanista. Presentación del documento "Musicología" de Humberto Sagredo Araya

Plagiarism, Cheating and Research Integrity: Case Studies from a Masters Program in Peru

Plagiarism is a serious, yet widespread type of research misconduct, and is often neglected in developing countries. Despite its far-reaching implications, plagiarism is poorly acknowledged and discussed in the academic setting, and insufficient evidence exists in Latin America and developing countries to inform the development of preventive strategies. In this context, we present a longitudinal case study of seven instances of plagiarism and cheating arising in four consecutive classes (2011–2014) of an Epidemiology Masters’ program in Lima, Peru, and describe the implementation and outcomes of a multifaceted, “zero-tolerance” policy aimed at introducing research integrity. Two cases involved cheating in graded assignments, and five cases correspond to plagiarism in the thesis protocol. Cases revealed poor awareness and high tolerance to plagiarism, poor academic performance, and widespread writing deficiencies, compensated with patchwriting and copy-pasting. Depending on the events’ severity, penalties included course failure (6/7) and separation from the program (3/7). Students at fault did not engage in further plagiarism. Between 2011 and 2013, the Masters’ program sequentially introduced a preventive policy consisting of: (i) intensified research integrity and scientific writing education, (ii) a stepwise, cumulative writing process; (iii) honor codes; (iv) active search for plagiarism in all academic products; and (v) a “zero tolerance” policy in response to documented cases. No cases were detected in 2014. In conclusion, plagiarism seems to be widespread in resource-limited settings and a greater response with educational and zero-tolerance components is needed to prevent it.This study was funded by the training Grant 2D43 TW007393-06 awarded to the U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6 (NAMRU-6) by the Fogarty International Center of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript