Effect of tagetes spp. on two pests aphids of Lactuta Sativa (L)

Se evaluó la eficacia de Tagetes spp. como cultivo intercalar y extracto natural sobre la fluctuación poblacional de áfidos en el cultivo de Lactuca sativa (L.). Se realizó un diseño en bloques completamente aleatorizado, siendo la planta la unidad de muestreo. Se consideraron tres tratamientos: testigo (T), cultivo intercalado con Tagetes sp. (CI) y cultivo pulverizado con extracto natural de Tagetes sp. (CP) (n=6). Los datos obtenidos se sometieron a un ANOVA y test de Tukey, según los lineamientos de ensayos repetidos en el tiempo. La densidad poblacional de áfidos fue mayor en el testigo y menor en el cultivo pulverizado, comprobándose una densidad media en el cultivo intercalar.The efficiency of Tagetes' intercropping and natural extract on Lactuca sativa aphids population dynamic was evaluated. A complete randomized design DCA was used working with the plant as the sampling unit. They were considered three treatments: control (T), Tagetes' intercropping (CI) and crop powdered with Tagetes' natural extract (CP). Data analysis was performed through an ANOVA and Tukey's test, corresponding to essays repeated in time. Control aphids population dynamic was bigger than crop powdered with Tagetes' natural extract, it was the smallest. Intercropping has a middle population.Fil: Russo, Serafina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Rodríguez, Silvia M.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Delfino, Susana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Badiola, Miguel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomí

As bandas filarmónicas enquanto património: um estudo de caso no concelho de Évora

Este trabalho centra-se no estudo sobre as Bandas Filarmónicas. Através da investigação no terreno que será desenvolvida em três Bandas Filarmónicas do concelho de Évora, procuraremos perceber como se apresenta actualmente esta prática musical e qual o envolvimento que estabelece com o seu contexto. Num primeiro momento, tomamos como ponto de partida, os trabalhos e as bibliografias existentes sobre este tema e analisamos as suas abordagens, de modo a compreender a forma como tem sido representada e interpretada a prática filarmónica pelas várias áreas de estudo, ao longo do tempo. A observação, dos poucos trabalhos realizados sobre este assunto, faz-nos reflectir sobre a razão que poderá estar associada a este facto e que se prende com a identidade da própria Banda Filarmónica que se estrutura numa relação de duplas dinâmicas sociais e culturais. Desta forma, este nosso trabalho, para além de contribuir para um maior conhecimento sobre as instituições filarmónicas, procurará reflectir sobre uma questão, relativamente à qual pretendemos obter uma resposta e, que nos permitirá ter uma melhor percepção da prática filarmónica. Este estudo procurará responder a que título é que uma banda pode ser considerada património cultural. Começando, como tal, por fazer um enquadramento histórico e social das Bandas Filarmónicas de modo a compreender a sua evolução e os vários contextos a que tem estado associada até aos dias de hoje.This study is focussed on the Brass Bands through the field investigation about three Brass Bands in the area of Évora; we’ll try to understand how this musical form presents itself today and how it relates to its context. At first, we start with the existing texts and bibliographies on the matter and we analyse their approaches so that we can comprehend how this musical type has been represented and interpreted by different learning areas throughout the times. By studying the few things done on this subject, we have to question ourselves about the reasons which can be associated to this fact and that have to do with the Brass Band’s own identity being that it structures itself on a double dynamic relation, both a social and a cultural one. This way, our work, besides contributing to enlighten our knowledge about the philharmonic institutions, will try to answer a question that will allow us to better understand the philharmonic practise. This study will try to explain why a Brass Band might be considered cultural heritage. Starting by contextualising historically and socially the Brass Bands so that we can cast some light on their evolution and the different contexts they have been associated with up to our days

Molecular Identification of Brucella Abortus Bv5 and Strain 19 in Water Buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis) in Northeast Argentina

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) populations are spread across northern Argentina, and they share their habitat with bovines. Both species are susceptible to brucellosis, and they are under a National Plan of Control and Eradication. To characterize the Brucella spp. that infects buffaloes, the blood of 35 animals that tested positive to brucellosis by a complement fixation test was collected. DNA was obtained and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction using different molecular markers. The genera, species, and biovars of Brucella were established by analyzing specific regions of the genes omp31, eri, alkB, and omp2ab. Brucella spp. was identified in 15 of 35 tested buffaloes. The product of the omp31 gene identified the genera. The detection of two fragments of 297 bp and/or 1000 bp from the eri gene confirmed the presence of B. abortus S19 and wild-type B. abortus. The amplification of the alkB gene allowed the identification of B. abortus biovars characterized by fragments of 498 bp (bv1, bv2, or bv4). The simultaneous amplification of 498 bp (alkB) and 1000 bp (eri) products suggested the presence of B. abortus bv1, which is highly prevalent in the cattle of Argentina. Fragments of 827 bp and 857 bp were amplified from the omp2ab gene, and their sequences showed 100% identity with B. melitensis and B. abortus bv5 (GenBank). However, the 721 bp product (alkB) specific for B. melitensis could not be amplified. This is the first report indicating the presence of B. abortus bv5 in Latin America.Fil: Martinez, Diana. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Thompson, Carolina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Russo, Ana Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Formosa; ArgentinaFil: Jacobo, Roberto. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Torioni de Echaide, Susana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentin

Pattern matching through Chaos Game Representation: bridging numerical and discrete data structures for biological sequence analysis

BACKGROUND: Chaos Game Representation (CGR) is an iterated function that bijectively maps discrete sequences into a continuous domain. As a result, discrete sequences can be object of statistical and topological analyses otherwise reserved to numerical systems. Characteristically, CGR coordinates of substrings sharing an L-long suffix will be located within 2(-L )distance of each other. In the two decades since its original proposal, CGR has been generalized beyond its original focus on genomic sequences and has been successfully applied to a wide range of problems in bioinformatics. This report explores the possibility that it can be further extended to approach algorithms that rely on discrete, graph-based representations. RESULTS: The exploratory analysis described here consisted of selecting foundational string problems and refactoring them using CGR-based algorithms. We found that CGR can take the role of suffix trees and emulate sophisticated string algorithms, efficiently solving exact and approximate string matching problems such as finding all palindromes and tandem repeats, and matching with mismatches. The common feature of these problems is that they use longest common extension (LCE) queries as subtasks of their procedures, which we show to have a constant time solution with CGR. Additionally, we show that CGR can be used as a rolling hash function within the Rabin-Karp algorithm. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of biological sequences relies on algorithmic foundations facing mounting challenges, both logistic (performance) and analytical (lack of unifying mathematical framework). CGR is found to provide the latter and to promise the former: graph-based data structures for sequence analysis operations are entailed by numerical-based data structures produced by CGR maps, providing a unifying analytical framework for a diversity of pattern matching problems

Pattern matching through Chaos Game Representation: bridging numerical and discrete data structures for biological sequence analysis

This work was partially supported by FCT through the PIDDAC Program funds (INESC-ID multiannual funding) and under grant PEst-OE/EEI/LA0008/2011 (IT multiannual funding). In addition, it was also partially funded by projects HIVCONTROL (PTDC/EEA-CRO/100128/2008, S. Vinga, PI), TAGS (PTDC/EIA-EIA/112283/2009) and NEUROCLINOMICS (PTDC/EIA-EIA/111239/2009) from FCT (Portugal).Background: Chaos Game Representation (CGR) is an iterated function that bijectively maps discrete sequences into a continuous domain. As a result, discrete sequences can be object of statistical and topological analyses otherwise reserved to numerical systems. Characteristically, CGR coordinates of substrings sharing an L-long suffix will be located within 2(-L) distance of each other. In the two decades since its original proposal, CGR has been generalized beyond its original focus on genomic sequences and has been successfully applied to a wide range of problems in bioinformatics. This report explores the possibility that it can be further extended to approach algorithms that rely on discrete, graph-based representations. Results: The exploratory analysis described here consisted of selecting foundational string problems and refactoring them using CGR-based algorithms. We found that CGR can take the role of suffix trees and emulate sophisticated string algorithms, efficiently solving exact and approximate string matching problems such as finding all palindromes and tandem repeats, and matching with mismatches. The common feature of these problems is that they use longest common extension (LCE) queries as subtasks of their procedures, which we show to have a constant time solution with CGR. Additionally, we show that CGR can be used as a rolling hash function within the Rabin-Karp algorithm. Conclusions: The analysis of biological sequences relies on algorithmic foundations facing mounting challenges, both logistic (performance) and analytical (lack of unifying mathematical framework). CGR is found to provide the latter and to promise the former: graph-based data structures for sequence analysis operations are entailed by numerical-based data structures produced by CGR maps, providing a unifying analytical framework for a diversity of pattern matching problems.publishersversionpublishe

Heat-related mortality amplified during the COVID-19 pandemic

Excess mortality not directly related to the virus has been shown to have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, changes in heat-related mortality during the pandemic have not been addressed in detail. Here, we performed an observational study crossing daily mortality data collected in Portugal (SICO/DGS) with high-resolution temperature series (ERA5/ECMWF), characterizing their relation in the pre-pandemic, and how it aggravated during 2020. The combined result of COVID-19 and extreme temperatures caused the largest annual mortality burden in recent decades (~ 12 000 excess deaths [~ 11% above baseline]). COVID-19 caused the largest fraction of excess mortality during March to May (62%) and from October onwards (85%). During summer, its direct impact was residual, and deaths not reported as COVID-19 dominated excess mortality (553 versus 3 968). A prolonged hot spell led mortality to the upper tertile, reaching its peak in mid-July (+ 45% deaths/day). The lethality ratio (+ 14 deaths per cumulated ºC) was higher than that observed in recent heatwaves. We used a statistical model to estimate expected deaths due to cold/heat, indicating an amplification of at least 50% in heat-related deaths during 2020 compared to pre-pandemic years. Our findings suggest mortality during 2020 has been indirectly amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the disruption of healthcare systems and fear of population in attending healthcare facilities (expressed in emergency room admissions decreases). While lockdown measures and healthcare systems reorganization prevented deaths directly related to the virus, a significant burden due to other causes represents a strong secondary impact. This was particularly relevant during summer hot spells, when the lethality ratio reached magnitudes not experienced since the 2003 heatwaves. This severe amplification of heat-related mortality during 2020 stresses the need to resume normal healthcare services and public health awareness.This work was partially funded by national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) under project IMPECAF (PTDC/CTA-CLI/28902/2017) and project HOLMODRIVE (PTDC/CTA-GEO/29029/2017). AR, PMS, and RT are also grateful by the FCT funding UID GEO 50019 2020–Instituto Dom Luiz. JLG acknowledges FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) for the PhD Grant 2020.05198.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A novel terrestrial rabies virus lineage occurring in south america: Origin, diversification, and evidence of contact between wild and domestic cycles

The rabies virus (RABV) is characterized by a history dominated by host shifts within and among bats and carnivores. One of the main outcomes of long-term RABV maintenance in dogs was the establishment of variants in a wide variety of mesocarnivores. In this study, we present the most comprehensive phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis, contributing to a better understanding of the origins, diversification, and the role of different host species in the evolution and diffusion of a dog-related variant endemic of South America. A total of 237 complete Nucleoprotein gene sequences were studied, corresponding to wild and domestic species, performing selection analyses, ancestral states reconstructions, and recombination analyses. This variant originated in Brazil and disseminated through Argentina and Paraguay, where a previously unknown lineage was found. A single host shift was identified in the phylogeny, from dog to the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) in the Northeast of Brazil. Although this process occurred in a background of purifying selection, there is evidence of adaptive evolution-or selection of sub-consensus sequences-in internal branches after the host shift. The interaction of domestic and wild cycles persisted after host switching, as revealed by spillover and putative recombination events.Fil: Caraballo, Diego Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Lema, Cristina. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio E Instituto de Salud "Dr. C. G. Malbran". Departamento Virus; ArgentinaFil: Novaro, Laura. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Alimento. Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria; ArgentinaFil: Gury Dohmen, Federico. Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Instituto de Zoonosis Luis Pasteur; ArgentinaFil: Russo, Susana. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Alimento. Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria; ArgentinaFil: Beltrán, Fernando J.. Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Instituto de Zoonosis Luis Pasteur; ArgentinaFil: Palacios, Gustavo. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Estados UnidosFil: Cisterna, Daniel Marcelo. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio E Instituto de Salud "Dr. C. G. Malbran". Departamento Virus; Argentin

Clinically significant personality traits in individuals at high risk of developing psychosis

It is still unclear to what extent personality may influence the development of psychosis. We aimed to explore significant personality traits in individuals at high-risk (HR) for psychosis. Personalities of forty HR individuals and a matched sample of 40 HVs were evaluated with the Millon Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III). They were also assessed with the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories (BDI-II and BAI), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI 6.0.0). Fisher's exact test was employed to compare frequency of traits. Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression were used to establish relationships between traits and symptoms, and the effect of age, sex and symptoms on such traits. Most HR individuals (97.5%) had at least one significant trait; 75% had personality disorders, mainly depressive, borderline or schizotypal. Only histrionic and narcissistic traits were more prevalent in HVs. Negative symptoms were related to schizoid and paranoid traits. Depression was more severe with borderline traits. Most HR individuals (67.6%) had more than one DSM-IV Axis I diagnosis, mainly depressive/anxiety disorders. Transition rate was low (5%). Certain personality profiles may not be markers for conversions to psychosis but contribute to high morbidity in HR individuals