Kangaroo Care

Kangaroo Care is described as skin on skin contact between parent and baby. The baby, wearing only a diaper, is placed directly on mom or dad’s bare chest. This skin on skin contact has proven to be beneficial for baby as well as the parents. Some of the positive effects for the baby include stabilizing vital signs such as temperature, heart rate, and respirations. Kangaroo care has also shown to facilitate breastfeeding and bonding in mothers. The benefits for parents include improved bonding and attachment. Parents have also reported feeling more competent and confident when caring for their newborn after they are released from the hospital. Kangaroo care is not only for healthy newborns; preterm newborns in the NICU have benefited from this method also. While there are more risks when dealing with preterm babies, they have shown an incredible positive response to this contact. Nurses should be educated on Kangaroo Care and know how to facilitate the family when participating in this care

Condición de superficie de pavimentos rígidos analizados mediante métodos convencionales-calles Andrés Avelino Cáceres y Casa Blanca, Santo Tomas, Cusco-2020

La presente investigación titula: “Condición de superficie de pavimentos Rígidos analizados mediante métodos convencionales - calles Andrés Avelino Cáceres y casa blanca, Santo Tomas, cusco-2020”, fijo por objetivo: Determinar la condición de superficie de pavimentos rígidos analizados mediante métodos convencionales - calles Andrés Avelino Cáceres y casa blanca, Santo Tomas, Cusco 2020. Como metodología, aplicamos el método Científico, del tipo de Investigación: Aplicada, del Nivel de investigación: Descriptivo/ Cuantitativo siendo un Diseño de la Investigación: No experimental- Transeccional. Los resultados obtenidos fueron: 73% en el VIZIR y por el método PCI tenemos un 88%, lo cual se encuentra una tendencia de buen estado en los datos obtenidos. La investigación muestra como conclusión: La condición de superficie de pavimentos rígidos analizados mediante métodos convencionales es de 73% en el VIZIR Y 88% en el PCI encontrándonos en un rango valido y bueno

Reducción de la salinidad en suelos agrícolas utilizando Sesuvium portulacastrum y Aptenia cordifolia, Chancay – 2022

Los suelos salinos se originan por diversos problemas como la erosión, salinización, acidificación y diversas actividades antropogénicas que alteran la calidad del suelo. Por ello, el objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la reducción de la salinidad usando Sesuvium portulacastrum y Aptenia cordifolia en suelos agrícolas de Chancay. Las pruebas se realizaron en cuadrantes de suelo de 50m x 50m para cada especie de planta. El tratamiento se realizó in situ en un periodo de 63 días, y fueron monitoreados en tiempos de 0, 30 y 63 días de sembrado para obtener los valores de reducción. Los resultados evidenciaron que, la Sesuvium portulacastrum logró la reducción de salinidad del suelo de 5.58 a 1.06 mS/cm. Mientras que, la Aptenia cordifolia logró reducir la salinidad de 5.51 a 3.6 mS/cm. Finalmente, se concluye que el uso de ambas plantas son métodos eficaces para la reducción de sales en suelos con exceso de salinidad y pueden ser aplicadas en diferentes zonas

Performing meta-analysis with incomplete statistical information in clinical trials

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Results from clinical trials are usually summarized in the form of sampling distributions. When full information (mean, SEM) about these distributions is given, performing meta-analysis is straightforward. However, when some of the sampling distributions only have mean values, a challenging issue is to decide how to use such distributions in meta-analysis. Currently, the most common approaches are either ignoring such trials or for each trial with a missing SEM, finding a similar trial and taking its SEM value as the missing SEM. Both approaches have drawbacks. As an alternative, this paper develops and tests two new methods, the first being the prognostic method and the second being the interval method, to estimate any missing SEMs from a set of sampling distributions with full information. A merging method is also proposed to handle clinical trials with partial information to simulate meta-analysis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Both of our methods use the assumption that the samples for which the sampling distributions will be merged are randomly selected from the same population. In the prognostic method, we predict the missing SEMs from the given SEMs. In the interval method, we define intervals that we believe will contain the missing SEMs and then we use these intervals in the merging process.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Two sets of clinical trials are used to verify our methods. One family of trials is on comparing different drugs for reduction of low density lipprotein cholesterol (LDL) for Type-2 diabetes, and the other is about the effectiveness of drugs for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP). Both methods are shown to be useful for approximating the conventional meta-analysis including trials with incomplete information. For example, the meta-analysis result of Latanoprost versus Timolol on IOP reduction for six months provided in <abbrgrp><abbr bid="B1">1</abbr></abbrgrp> was 5.05 ± 1.15 (Mean ± SEM) with full information. If the last trial in this study is assumed to be with partial information, the traditional analysis method for dealing with incomplete information that ignores this trial would give 6.49 ± 1.36 while our prognostic method gives 5.02 ± 1.15, and our interval method provides two intervals as Mean ∈ [4.25, 5.63] and SEM ∈ [1.01, 1.24].</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Both the prognostic and the interval methods are useful alternatives for dealing with missing data in meta-analysis. We recommend clinicians to use the prognostic method to predict the missing SEMs in order to perform meta-analysis and the interval method for obtaining a more cautious result.</p

First-line latanoprost therapy in ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma patients: a 3-month efficacy analysis stratified by initial intraocular pressure

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-masked trials have shown latanoprost instilled once daily to be at least as effective as and generally superior to timolol administered twice daily and to be as effective as other frequently prescribed prostaglandin analogues. This study prospectively assessed the efficacy of latanoprost monotherapy in a large cohort of treatment-naive patients with a broad range of baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) levels treated in actual clinical practice settings.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This prospective, open-label, multicenter, uncontrolled, phase IV study included treatment-naive ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma subjects initiating latanoprost once daily (evening). IOP levels were measured at baseline and after 1 and 3 months. The primary efficacy outcome was mean change in IOP from baseline to month 3. Analyses were stratified by baseline IOP: ≥ 20 and <24 mmHg <it>vs </it>≥ 24 mmHg.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Efficacy analyses (intent to treat) included 572 subjects: 20 to <24 mmHg group, N = 252; ≥ 24 mmHg group, N = 320. Mean baseline IOP levels were 22.2 ± 0.9 mmHg and 26.7 ± 2.8 mmHg, respectively. At month 3, significant IOP reductions were seen in both groups (p < 0.0001, within-group differences); reductions were smaller in the 20 to <24 mmHg group (-6.3 ± 2.4 <it>vs </it>-9.2 ± 3.7 mmHg, respectively; -28.0 ± 10.6% <it>vs </it>-34.1 ± 11.9%, respectively). An IOP reduction of ≥ 30% from baseline to month 3 was noted in 48.4% and 65.6% of subjects, respectively (p < 0.0001). At month 3, targets IOPs of ≤ 18 mmHg were achieved by ≥ 70% of subjects in both groups. Latanoprost was well tolerated with an adverse event profile similar to that reported in the literature.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This "real world" study found once-daily latanoprost to be effective and safe in treatment-naive ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma patients. Patients with baseline IOP levels of 20 to <24 mmHg as well as ≥ 24 mmHg benefitted from initial latanoprost therapy.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>Trial Registration Number: NCT00647101</p

Comparative efficacy and safety of the fixed versus unfixed combination of latanoprost and timolol in Chinese patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A noninferiority trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a single evening dose of fixed-combination latanoprost 50 μg/mL and timolol 0.5 mg/mL (Xalacom^®; LTFC), in Chinese patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OH) who were insufficiently controlled on β-blocker monotherapy or β-blocker-based dual therapy.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This 8-week, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, noninferiority study compared once-daily evening dosing of LTFC with the unfixed combination of latanoprost, one drop in the evening, and timolol, one drop in the morning (LTuFC). The primary efficacy endpoint was the mean change from baseline to week 8 in diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP; mean of 8 AM, 10 AM, 2 PM, 4 PM IOPs). LTFC was considered noninferior to LTuFC if the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the difference was < 1.5 mmHg (analysis of covariance).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Baseline characteristics were similar for LTFC (N = 125; POAG, 70%; mean IOP, 25.8 mmHg) and LTuFC (N = 125; POAG, 69%; mean IOP, 26.0 mmHg). Mean diurnal IOP changes from baseline to week 8 were -8.6 mmHg with LTFC and -8.9 mmHg with LTuFC (between-treatment difference: 0.3 mmHg; 95%-CI, -0.3 to 1.0). Both treatments were well tolerated.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>A single evening dose of LTFC was at least as effective as the unfixed combination of latanoprost in the PM and timolol in the AM in reducing IOP in Chinese subjects with POAG or OH whose IOP was insufficiently reduced with β-blocker monotherapy or β-blocker-based dual therapy. LTFC is an effective and well tolerated once-daily treatment for POAG and OH.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Clinicaltrials.gov registration: <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00219596">NCT00219596</a></p

Expression of endoglin in psoriatic involved and uninvolved skin

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In-patient treatment with calcipotriol versus dithranol in refractory psoriasis

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