My Honey\u27s Lovin\u27 Arms

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Influential Article Review - Studying R&D Teams to Uncover Relationships Between Teamwork and Performance

This paper examines team performance. We present insights from a highly influential paper. Here are the highlights from this paper: Drawing on the input–mediator (a blend of team process and emergent state)– output (IMO) framework, we develop a conceptual model in which team behavioral integration is conceived of as a team-level mediator that links team interdependence (input) with team performance (output). Using a three-wave research design, we test the hypothesized model with the data of 102 R&D teams from three information technology companies in China. Results indicate that team interdependence positively influences team behavioral integration, and that team behavioral integration positively affects team performance. In addition, team behavioral integration is found to mediate the relationship between team interdependence and team performance. The theoretical and managerial implications of these results are discussed. For our overseas readers, we then present the insights from this paper in Spanish, French, Portuguese, and German

Impact of a Flame Resistant Synthetic Material on Heat Stress Factors

Protective clothing worn by wildland firefighters (WLFF) may increase physiological strain and heat stress factors due to increased insulation and decreased ventilation. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of a flame resistant synthetic material base layer on heat stress factors. METHODS: Ten recreationally active males (25 ± 6.1 yrs, 80.9 ± 8.4 kg, 11.1 ± 5.3% fat, 4.4 ± 0.6 L·min-1 VO2 max) completed two trials of intermittent (50 min walking, 10 min sitting) treadmill walking (2.5mph, 4% grade) over 3 hours in a climate chamber (35⁰C, 30% RH). Participants wore standard WLFF Nomex green pants, yellow shirt with either a 100% cotton base layer (C) or a flame resistant synthetic material base layer (S), while carrying a 35lb pack, hard hat, and gloves. Exercise was followed by a 30 minute rest period without pack, hard hat, gloves, or Nomex yellow shirt. Core (Tc) and skin (Tsk) temperature were measured continuously throughout the trial. Skin blood flow (SBF) and skin temperature () was recorded via laser doppler for two minutes prior to walking, five minutes during each break, and three, five minute periods during the 30 minutes following exercise. Physiological strain index (PSI) was calculated. Water was scripted at 8 ml/kg/hr. Repeated measures ANOVAs were performed using SPSS 22.0. RESULTS: Significant main effects for time were found on Tc (p≤0.001) and Tsk (p=0.003). No significant trialXtime interactions were found in Tc (p=0.077) and Tsk (p=0.086). SBF showed significant main effects for time (p=0.001) and a trialXtime interaction (p=0.001). Significant main effects for time were found on (p=0.001). Comparisons for SBF and were made between peaks, nadirs, and the three post-exercise periods for C and S. Significant main effects for time were found on SBF peaks (p=0.001), nadirs (p=0.028), and posts (p=0.001). Significant main effects for time were found on peaks (p=0.019) and posts (p=0.001). No significant trialXtime interactions were found between C and S. Significant main effects for time and trial were found on PSI (p≤0.001 and p=0.04, respectively). CONCLUSION: These data indicate that a flame resistant synthetic base layer may elevate SBF and possibly jeopardize indices of heat stress

Total energy intake and self-selected macronutrient distribution during wildland fire suppression

Introduction: Wildland firefighters (WLFF) work long hours in extreme environments resulting in high daily total energy expenditure (TEE). Increasing work shift eating episodes and/or providing rations that promote convenient feeding has shown augmented self-selected work output, as has regular carbohydrate (CHO) consumption. It remains unclear how current WLFF feeding strategies compare to more frequent nutrient delivery. Our study’s aim was to determine WLFFs’ self-selected field total energy intake (TEI), composition, and patterns feeding during wildland fire suppression shifts. Methods: 86 WLFF (16 female, 70 male; 27.5 ± 6.4 yr) deployed to fire incidents across the United States throughout the 2018 fire season. Pre- and post-shift food inventories collected at basecamp provided item-specific nutrient content (calories [kcal], CHO, fat, protein). Work shift consumption (TEI, feeding frequency, episodic composition) was monitored in real-time by field researchers on fireline via observational data capture using mobile tablets. Shift work output was determined via actigraph accelerometry. Results: Work shift length averaged 14.0 ± 1.1 hr, with a TEI of 6.3 ± 2.5 MJ (1494 ± 592 kcal) (51 ± 10, 37 ± 9, 13 ± 4% for CHO, fat, and protein, respectively). WLFF averaged 4.3 ± 1.6 eating episodes (1.4 ± 1.3 MJ [345 ± 306 kcal] and 44 ± 38 g CHO.episode-1). WLFF who consumed \u3e20 kcal.kg-1 averaged less sedentary activity than those consuming \u3c16 kcal.kg-1. Conclusion: The present work shift TEI approximates 33% of previously-determined WLFF TEE and demonstrates that current WLFF consumption patterns may not deliver adequate nutrients for the occupational demands

Can developmental trauma disorder be distinguished from posttraumatic stress disorder? A symptom-level person-centred empirical approach

Background: Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD) is a proposed childhood psychiatric diagnosis for psychopathological and developmental sequela of victimization and attachment trauma extending beyond posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective: To determine whether a sub-group of trauma-impacted children is characterized by symptoms of DTD that extend beyond, or co-occur with, the symptoms of PTSD. Method: Person-centred Latent Class Analyses (LCA) were done with data from 507 children (ages 7–18 years, (M = 12.11, SD = 2/92); 49% female) referred to the study by mental health or paediatric clinicians. Results: A four class solution was optimal (LMR = 398.264, p \u3c .001; Entropy = .93): (1) combined DTD + PTSD (n = 150); (2) predominant DTD (n = 156); (3) predominant PTSD (n = 54); (4) minimal symptoms (n = 147). Consistent with prior research, the DTD + PTSD class was most likely to have experienced traumatic emotional abuse and neglect (X2(3) = 16.916 and 28.016, respectively, p \u3c .001), and had the most psychiatric comorbidity (F(3, 502) = 3.204, p \u3c .05). Predominant DTD class members were most likely to meet criteria for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) (X2(3) = 84.66, p \u3c .001). Conclusion: Symptoms of DTD may occur with, or separately from, PTSD symptoms. Children with high DTD|+PTSD symptoms had extensive psychiatric comorbidity, while those with high DTD symptoms and minimal PTSD symptoms were highly likely to meet criteria for ODD. In clinical and research assessment and treatment of children with complex psychiatric comorbidity or disruptive behaviour problems, symptoms of DTD should be considered, both along with, and in the absence of, PTSD symptoms. - Antecedentes: El trastorno traumático del desarrollo (DTD en su sigla en inglés) es un diagnóstico psiquiátrico infantil propuesto para las secuelas psicopatológicas y del desarrollo de la victimización y el trauma del apego que se extiende más allá del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT). Objetivo: Determinar si un subgrupo de niños afectados por un trauma se caracteriza por síntomas de DTD que se extienden más allá o coexiste con los síntomas del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT). Método: Se realizaron análisis de clase latente (LCA en su sigla en inglés) centrados en la persona con datos de 507 niños (de 7 a 18 años de edad, (M = 12.11, DS = 2/92); 49% mujeres) remitidos al estudio por médicos pediátricos o de salud mental. Resultados: Una solución de cuatro clases fue óptima (LMR = 398.264, p \u3c .001; Entropía = .93): (1) combinado DTD + TEPT (n = 150); (2) DTD predominante (n = 156); (3) TEPT predominante (n = 54); (4) síntomas mínimos (n = 147). De acuerdo con investigaciones previas, la clase DTD + TEPT tenía más probabilidades de haber experimentado abuso emocional traumático y negligencia (X2(3) = 16.916 y 28.016, respectivamente, p \u3c .001), y tenía la mayor comorbilidad psiquiátrica (F(3, 502) = 3.204, p \u3c .05). Los miembros de la clase DTD predominante tenían más probabilidades de cumplir los criterios para el trastorno oposicionista desafiante (ODD en su sigla en inglés) (X2(3) = 84.66, p \u3c .001). Conclusión: Los síntomas de DTD pueden ocurrir con, o por separado de, los síntomas de TEPT. Los niños con síntomas de DTD + TEPT altos tenían una comorbilidad psiquiátrica extensa, mientras que aquellos con síntomas de DTD altos y síntomas mínimos de TEPT tenían muchas probabilidades de cumplir con los criterios para ODD. En la evaluación y tratamiento clínico y de investigación de niños con comorbilidad psiquiátrica compleja o problemas de comportamiento disruptivo, se deben considerar los síntomas de DTD, tanto junto con, como en ausencia de, síntomas de TEPT. - 背景：发育性创伤障碍 (DTD) 是一种倡议的儿童精神病学诊断，用于治疗超出创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 受害程度和依恋创伤的精神病和发育后遗症。 目的：确定一个受创伤影响的儿童亚组是否具有超出创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 症状或与之并发的 DTD 症状。 方法：对 507 名转诊到心理健康或儿科医生的儿童（年龄 7-18 岁，（平均年龄 = 12.11，标准差 = 2/92）；49% 女性）的数据进行了以人分类的潜在类别分析 (LCA)。 结果：四类解决方案是最佳的（LMR = 398.264，p \u3c .001；熵 = .93）：（1）DTD + PTSD 组合（n = 150）； (2) 主要 DTD (n = 156); (3) 主要的 PTSD (n = 54); (4) 轻微症状 (n = 147)。与先前研究一致，DTD + PTSD 类最有可能经历过创伤性情绪虐待和忽视（分别地，X2(3) = 16.916 和 28.016，p \u3c .001），并且有最多的精神并发症（F(3, 502) = 3.204, p \u3c .05)。主要的 DTD 类人群最有可能符合对立违抗障碍 (ODD) 的标准 (X2(3) = 84.66, p \u3c .001)。 结论：DTD 症状可能与 PTSD 症状同时出现，或与 PTSD 症状分开出现。高 DTD|+PTSD 症状的儿童具有广泛的精神并发症，而高 DTD 症状和少 PTSD 症状的儿童很可能符合 ODD 标准。在对患有复杂精神并发症或破坏性行为问题的儿童进行临床和研究评估和治疗时，无论是否存在 PTSD 症状，都应考虑 DTD 的症状

A comparison of two headless compression screws for operative treatment of scaphoid fractures

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Purpose</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to compare the interfragmentary compression force across a simulated scaphoid fracture by two commonly used compression screw systems; the Acutrak 2 Standard and the 3.0 mm Synthes headless compression screw.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Sixteen (8 pairs; 6 female, 2 male) cadaver scaphoids were randomly assigned to receive either the Acutrak 2 or Synthes screw with the contralateral scaphoid designated to receive the opposite. Guide wires were inserted under fluoroscopic control. Following transverse osteotomy, the distal and proximal fragments were placed on either side of a custom load cell, to measure interfragmentary compression. Screws were placed under fluoroscopic control using the manufacturer's recommended surgical technique. Compressive forces were measured during screw insertion. Recording continued for an additional 60s in order to measure any loss of compression after installation was complete. The peak and final interfragmentary compression were recorded and paired t-tests performed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean peak compression generated by the Acutrak 2 Standard was greater than that produced by the Synthes compression screw (103.9 ± 33.2 N vs. 88.7 ± 38.6 N respectively, p = 0.13). The mean final interfragmentary compression generated by the Acutrak 2 screw (68.6 ± 36.4 N) was significantly greater (p = 0.04) than the Synthes screw (37.2 ± 26.8 N). Specimens typically reached a steady state of compression by 120-150s after final tightening.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Peak interfragmentary compression observed during screw installation was similar for both screw systems. However, the mean interfragmentary compression generated by the Acutrak 2 Standard was significantly greater. Our study demonstrates that the Synthes headless compression screw experienced a greater loss of interfragmentary compressive force from the time of installation to the final steady state compression level. The higher post-installation compression of the Acutrak 2 Standard may be attributable to the greater number of threads throughout the entire length of the screw. The clinical significance of these results, are, at this point uncertain. We do demonstrate that a fully threaded design offers a more reliable compression that may translate to more predictable bony union.</p

Transcriptome Sequencing Demonstrates that Human Papillomavirus Is Not Active in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

β-Human papillomavirus (β-HPV) DNA is present in some cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cuSCCs), but no mechanism of carcinogenesis has been determined. We used ultra-high-throughput sequencing of the cancer transcriptome to assess whether papillomavirus transcripts are present in these cancers. In all, 67 cuSCC samples were assayed for β-HPV DNA by PCR, and viral loads were measured with type-specific quantitative PCR. A total of 31 SCCs were selected for whole transcriptome sequencing. Transcriptome libraries were prepared in parallel from the HPV18-positive HeLa cervical cancer cell line and HPV16-positive primary cervical and periungual SCCs. Of the tumors, 30% (20/67) were positive for β-HPV DNA, but there was no difference in β-HPV viral load between tumor and normal tissue (P=0.310). Immunosuppression and age were significantly associated with higher viral load (P=0.016 for immunosuppression; P=0.0004 for age). Transcriptome sequencing failed to identify papillomavirus expression in any of the skin tumors. In contrast, HPV16 and HPV18 mRNA transcripts were readily identified in primary cervical and periungual cancers and HeLa cells. These data demonstrate that papillomavirus mRNA expression is not a factor in the maintenance of cuSCCs

Turbofan gas turbine engine with variable fan outlet guide vanes

A turbofan gas turbine engine includes a forward fan section with a row of fan rotor blades, a core engine, and a fan bypass duct downstream of the forward fan section and radially outwardly of the core engine. The forward fan section has only a single stage of variable fan guide vanes which are variable fan outlet guide vanes downstream of the forward fan rotor blades. An exemplary embodiment of the engine includes an afterburner downstream of the fan bypass duct between the core engine and an exhaust nozzle. The variable fan outlet guide vanes are operable to pivot from a nominal OGV position at take-off to an open OGV position at a high flight Mach Number which may be in a range of between about 2.5-4+. Struts extend radially across a radially inwardly curved portion of a flowpath of the engine between the forward fan section and the core engine