Manual of accounts and budgetary control for the rubber industry

Mode of access: Internet

Receipt from The India Rubber & Gutta Percha Insulating Co.

https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/goelet-new-york/1241/thumbnail.jp

Análisis y diseño de la defensa ribereña del río Reque, tramo puente Reque–desembocadura en el océano Pacífico, provincia de Chiclayo, departamento de Lambayeque, 2017

El presente proyecto de tesis pretende analizar y diseñar la defensa ribereña ubicada en el río Reque, desde el puente Reque hasta la desembocadura en el océano Pacífico. Ya que, en épocas de avenidas, el río ocasiona se desborda, perjudicando a la población y a cientos de hectáreas de cultivos en la zona. Por ello, se desarrollará el proyecto, para lograr la protección adecuada de las zonas aledañas y permita la evacuación normal de las aguas del Río Reque. En el proyecto se evaluará y diseñará una estructura hidráulica eficiente que ayudará a mitigar pérdidas económicas en el sector agrícola, dadas por las crecientes del río; así como también el bienestar de la población aledaña

Tear strength of filled rubbers

The strength of black-filled rubbers has been investigated under a variety of test conditions using various compounding formulations, of both strain-crystallizing and non-strain-crystallizing elastomers. The enhancement in the tear strength is substantial when knotty tearing occurs. In knotty tearing, the crack tip grows perpendicularly to the general direction of propagation. This effectively increases the tip diameter and thus the tear strength. A strong correlation between tearing energy and knot diameter (measured in the unstrained state) has been found in the present investigation. Factors which affect the development of knotty tearing were investigated. It was found that knotty tearing is affected by the degree of strain-crystallization, molecular mobility, nature and concentration of crosslinks, the type and concentration of carbon black, temperature and tear rate. The onset of knotty tearing appears to be related to the development of strength anisotropy at the tip of the tear. The effect of this anisotropy on the energy to propagate tearing in the direction of pre-straining was investigated using split tear test-pieces. The tearing energy for crack propagation in the direction of molecular orientation gives a quantitative measure of strength anisotropy developed in the vulcanizate as a consequence of pre-straining. It was found that, in a stretched vulcanizate, the tearing energy to propagate tearing in this direction was a factor of about 20 lower than the tearing energy of the unstretched vulcanizate. In a certain type of black-filled vulcanizate, the anisotropy introduced during pre-stressing to large extension still persisted even after the pre-stretch was removed. The present investigation shows that the anisotropy introduced by pre-stressing is associated with the set. The tearing energy of a pre-stressed vulcanizate was found to correlate strongly with the set

Towards a single step process to create high purity gold structures by electron beam induced deposition at room temperature

Highly pure metallic structures can be deposited by electron beam induced deposition and they have many important applications in different fields. The organo-metallic precursor is decomposed and deposited under the electron beam, and typically it is purified with post-irradiation in presence of O2. However, this approach limits the purification to the surface of the deposit. Therefore, 'in situ' purification during deposition using simultaneous flows of both O2 and precursor in parallel with two gas injector needles has been tested and verified. To simplify the practical arrangements, a special concentric nozzle has been designed allowing deposition and purification performed together in a single step. With this new device metallic structures with high purity can be obtained more easily, while there is no limit on the height of the structures within a practical time frame. In this work, we summarize the first results obtained for 'in situ' Au purification using this concentric nozzle, which is described in more detail, including flow simulations. The operational parameter space is explored in order to optimize the shape as well as the purity of the deposits, which are evaluated through scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy measurements, respectively. The observed variations are interpreted in relation to other variables, such as the deposition yield. The resistivity of purified lines is also measured, and the influence of additional post treatments as a last purification step is studied.EMPA is acknowledged for providing the original code for the GIS simulator model, which was extended by Stan de Muijnck (TU Delft) with the new geometry. Pleun Dona (FEI) is acknowledged for helping in the design of the concentric nozzle and in getting a working prototype. Patricia Peinado is also acknowledged for help on experimental activities. This work was supported by NanoNextNL program, a Dutch national research and technology program for micro- and nano-technology