Isolation and characterization of twelve polymorphic microsatellite loci for Hypochaeris catharinensis (Asteraceae) and cross-amplification in related species

Fil: Chaves, Camila Lucas. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Ruas, Claudete Fátima. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Ruas, Paulo Maurício. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Schneider, Angelo Alberto. Centro Anacreonte Ávila de Araújo. Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária; BrasilFil: Rocha, Kátia Real. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Urtubey, Estrella. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; ArgentinaFil: Ruas, Eduardo Augusto. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; Brasi

Habeas Corpus para animais não humanos / Habeas Corpus for non-human animals

O presente estudo tem por finalidade analisar a admissibilidade jurídica da impetração do Habeas Corpus para animais não humanos. Precipuamente, apresentam-se pesquisas científicas sobre a evolução dos animais não humanos com o propósito de comprovar que são seres vivos sencientes. A partir daí, objetivou-se a justificar as razões pelas quais esses animais são sujeitos de direito e não somente coisas semoventes. Nesses vetores, para fins de sistematização do assunto, foram trazidos casos concretos, para fundamentar que essa tese já foi discutida em diversos tribunais. Em face dessas considerações, foi possível concluir que embora haja resistência por parte da doutrina, os direitos fundamentais, como a vida e a liberdade, não são necessidades exclusivamente humanas, pois animais não humanos também sofrem abuso dos seus direitos, sendo passível serem sujeitos de direito a partir de uma interpretação extensiva para pleitearem o Habeas Corpus. Por derradeiro as normas do direito devem se adequarem a uma sociedade que está em constante transformação e prova- se ao longo da história que mudanças de paradigmas, como no caso em tela, não são necessariamente prejudiciais e sim uma forma de se corrigir injustiças, garantindo a paz social

Modelos de gestión de la innovación docente con uso de TIC

El presente artículos es de investigación, su objeto de estudio fue la identificación de los modelos de gestión de las prácticas educativas innovadoras en las cuales los docentes hacen uso de las TIC para impactar los proyectos de aula en la escuela, estos docentes usaron la metodología de ayudas hipermediales dinámicas (AHD). La investigación de tipo descriptiva con diseño no experimental y enfoque cuantitativo, los datos se recolectaron vía web usando el software Limesurvey, para la captura datos en línea; estos datos se procesaron en SPSS y entre los resultados más relevantes se encontró una tendencia predominante entre los docentes hacia el modelo de iniciación de Salinas (2004) o llanero solitario de Bates (2012). Como recomendaciones especiales, el documento tiene algunas sugerencias sobre la gestión administrativa, tecnológica y pedagógica que dan orientaciones para que las Instituciones educativas puedan favorecer la innovación docente con las TIC, entre ellas que deben establecerse planes estratégicos de las TIC en

Genetic diversity and structure of Hypochaeris catharinensis Cabrera (Asteraceae), an endemic species of Southern Brazil

The genus Hypochaeris was likely introduced into South America by a unique long-distance dispersal event from an ancestral Northwest African species, with subsequent radiation and diversification throughout the temperate zones of the continent. Hypochaeris catharinensis is an endemic species of Southern Brazil growing mostly in high-elevation grasslands with dry, rocky, and shallow soils. Here, we used nine microsatellite loci and a total sample of 441 individuals to assess genetic variability patterns within and among 13 H. catharinensis populations. The results showed a total of 215 alleles in the nine loci tested, the expected and observed heterozygosities average were 0.31 and 0.43, respectively, and allelic richness varied from 4.09 to 7.23. The levels of allelic richness showed that genetic variability is maintained by gene flow, thus ensuring that these populations are not genetically isolated. We found no correlation between geographic and genetic distances, with high levels of genetic variability within, rather than among, populations. The low levels of genetic structure in the species are consistent with recent evolutionary processes of the Hypochaeris genus in South America; after adaptive radiation and species differentiation, dispersal to similar habitats led to the establishment of new populations. Along with initial founder effects, the existence of gene flow explains the current genetic variation across the H. catharinensis populations. In addition, historic environmental changes reported for Southern Brazil may explain the current clustered distribution of the species.Fil: Chaves, Camila. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Ruas, Eduardo Augusto. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Ruas, Claudete Fátima. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Urtubey, Estrella. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; ArgentinaFil: Ruas, Paulo Maurício. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; Brasi

Population genetic structure of the South American species Hypochaeris lutea (Asteraceae)

The genus Hypochaeris has a recent evolutionary history caused by long-distance dispersal in conjunction with adaptive radiation in the South American continent. Hypochaeris lutea is a perennial herb that grows mostly at altitudes of around 1000 m in cold swamps of the southern regions of Brazil. We investigated the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) in 270 individuals representing 11 Brazilian populations of H. lutea to elucidate the population genetic structure of this species. The frequencies of polymorphic loci and gene diversity ranged from 83.42% to 91.66% and from 0.26 to 0.34, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that most of the genetic variability was found within (76.67%) rather than among (23.3%) populations, agreeing with the pattern of genetic distribution within and among populations observed in other allogamous species of Hypochaeris. A Mantel test showed no correlation between genetic and geographic distances when all populations were considered. Simulations performed using a Bayesian approach consistently identified two clusters with different admixture proportions of individuals, as also revealed by a UPGMA dendrogram of populations. The pattern of genetic structure observed in H. lutea is consistent with a process of successive colonization events by long-distance dispersal resembling the rapid and recent radiation that has been proposed to explain the origin of the South American species of Hypochaeris.Fil: Alves Rodrigues, Luana. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Ruas, Eduardo Augusto. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Ruas, Paulo Maurício. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Reck, Maikel. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Gianetti Fiorin, Fernando. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; BrasilFil: Ortiz, María Ángeles. Universidad de Sevilla; EspañaFil: Urtubey, Estrella. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; ArgentinaFil: Matzenbacher, Nelson Ivo. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Ruas, Claudete Fátima. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; Brasi

Genetic polymorphism among 14 elite Coffea arabica L. cultivars using RAPD markers associated with restriction digestion

Knowledge of the genetic variability among genotypes is important for the transfer of useful genes and to maximize the use of available germplasm resources. This study was carried out to assess the genetic variability of 14 elite Coffea arabica cultivars using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) associated with a prior digestion of genomic DNA with restriction endonucleases. The accessions were obtained from the Coffea collection maintained at the Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR), located in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Twenty-four informative RAPD primers, used in association with restriction enzymes, yielded 330 reproducible and scorable DNA bands, of which 224 (68%) were polymorphic. The amplified products were used to estimate the genetic variability using Dice's similarity coefficient. The data matrix was converted to a dendrogram and a three-dimensional plot using principal coordinate analysis. The accessions studied were separated into clusters in a manner that was consistent with the known pedigree. The associations obtained in the dendrogram and in the principal coordinate analysis plot suggest the probable origin of the Kattimor cultivar. The RAPD technique associated with restriction digestion was proved to be a useful tool for genetic characterization of C. arabica genotypes making an important contribution to the application of molecular markers to coffee breeding