The characteristics of a Knowledge Exchange and Enterprise Network (KEEN) project. Report 3

A report on the profiles of the knowledge exchange projects in the KEEN programme funded by the European Regional Development Fund and managed by the University of Wolverhampton

Literature Review for Knowledge Exchange and Enterprise Network (KEEN) Research. Report 4

This review presents data relevant to funded business support interventions in terms of West Midlands business activity and reviews the literature relevant to the transfer of knowledge between and within organisations, as aspects which underpinned and informed the direction of the project. It contains an evaluation of appropriately selected models of the process of knowledge transfer relevant to this research into the interventions of Knowledge Exchange and Enterprise Network (KEEN) projects, undertaken with Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the West Midlands

Technical Data on Typologies of Interventions in Knowledge Exchange and Enterprise Network (KEEN) projects. Report 6b

This technical data report is an addendum to the typology and hierarchies of intervention report, which provides an analysis of the type and range of business interventions provided through the Knowledge Exchange and Enterprise Network (KEEN) programme to SMEs in the West Midlands region. There were 126 KEEN projects in total, through which a range of business interventions were provided to the participating companies. KEEN assisted around 100 SMEs through 126 projects, and provided 617 interventions overall. The projects were managed by six the university partners: the University of Wolverhampton, Coventry University, Aston University, Birmingham City University, the University of Worcester, and Staffordshire University

Methodology for Investigating Knowledge Exchange and Enterprise Network (KEEN) projects. Report 5

This report describes the methodology used to evaluate the process of knowledge transfer in the Knowledge Exchange and Enterprise Network (KEEN) projects managed by the University of Wolverhampton. The projects in the KEEN programme are partially funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The research evaluates some of the existing approaches in the knowledge transfer literature in order to support the chosen methodology for this study. The reader’s attention is drawn to some of the strengths and weaknesses in the methods utilised by previous studies of knowledge transfer. In addition to explaining the methodological choices employed, an account is given which highlights the stages and methods used by the research team for the data collection process

Executive Summary of what happens in a Knowledge Exchange and Enterprise Network (KEEN) project. (Report 1)

This executive summary gives an overview of the investigations into the knowledge transfer process of the KEEN programme. The evaluation focuses on the process of knowledge transfer, which is considered critical to the achievement of the intervention objectives. The research identified the new knowledge being transferred and provides an understanding of the methods, interactions, and operational procedures. These underpin the selection, translation, and transformation of new knowledge into tangible and measurable benefits for organisations and relevant stakeholders

A population search filter for hard-to-reach populations increased search efficiency for a systematic review

Objective: This paper discusses how hard-to-reach population groups were conceptualised into a search filter. The objectives of this paper are: 1) to discuss how the authors designed a multi-stranded population search filter and, 2) to retrospectively test the effectiveness of the search filter in capturing all relevant populations (e.g. homeless people, immigrants, substance misusers) in a public health systematic review. Study design and setting: Systematic and retrospective analysis via case-study. Retrospective analysis of the search filter was conducted by comparing the MEDLINE search results retrieved without using the search filter against those retrieved with the search filter. 5465 additional results from the unfiltered search were screened to the same criteria as the filtered search. Results: No additional populations were identified in the unfiltered sample. The search filter reduced the volume of MEDLINE hits to screen by 64% with no impact on inclusion of populations. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the filter in capturing all relevant UK populations for the review. This suggests that well planned search filters can be written for reviews which analyse imprecisely defined population groups. This filter could be used in topic areas of associated co-morbidities, for rapid clinical searches, or for investigating hard-to-reach populations

The stories we tell: uncanny encounters in Mr Straw’s house

During my first visit to Mr Straw’s House, a National Trust Property in the North of England, I was intrigued by the discrepancies between the narrative framework provided by the National Trust – its exclusions, silences and invisibilities – and the far more complex stories the house seemed to tantalisingly hint at. As a scholar I am drawn to certain sites and affectively engage with them and yet I usually keep silent about my investment which informs not only my interest but also how I read these heritage sites. My aim here is not primarily to interrogate my own investment, but to ask how productive it is, what it enables me to see and to describe and where its limits are. This case study explores a particular tourist attraction from the perspective of storytelling and asks what narratives can be constructed around, and generated through, the spatial-emotional dimensions of this heritage site. I am interested in the hold sites have over people, why and how they provoke imaginative and empathic investment that generates a network of stories and triggers processes of unravelling which have the potential to transform silences and unmetabolised affect into empathy and emotional thought

The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies.Comment: 5th version as accepted to PASP; 31 pages, 18 figures; https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/acb29

The evolution of lung cancer and impact of subclonal selection in TRACERx

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Here we analysed 1,644 tumour regions sampled at surgery or during follow-up from the first 421 patients with non-small cell lung cancer prospectively enrolled into the TRACERx study. This project aims to decipher lung cancer evolution and address the primary study endpoint: determining the relationship between intratumour heterogeneity and clinical outcome. In lung adenocarcinoma, mutations in 22 out of 40 common cancer genes were under significant subclonal selection, including classical tumour initiators such as TP53 and KRAS. We defined evolutionary dependencies between drivers, mutational processes and whole genome doubling (WGD) events. Despite patients having a history of smoking, 8% of lung adenocarcinomas lacked evidence of tobacco-induced mutagenesis. These tumours also had similar detection rates for EGFR mutations and for RET, ROS1, ALK and MET oncogenic isoforms compared with tumours in never-smokers, which suggests that they have a similar aetiology and pathogenesis. Large subclonal expansions were associated with positive subclonal selection. Patients with tumours harbouring recent subclonal expansions, on the terminus of a phylogenetic branch, had significantly shorter disease-free survival. Subclonal WGD was detected in 19% of tumours, and 10% of tumours harboured multiple subclonal WGDs in parallel. Subclonal, but not truncal, WGD was associated with shorter disease-free survival. Copy number heterogeneity was associated with extrathoracic relapse within 1 year after surgery. These data demonstrate the importance of clonal expansion, WGD and copy number instability in determining the timing and patterns of relapse in non-small cell lung cancer and provide a comprehensive clinical cancer evolutionary data resource

The evolution of non-small cell lung cancer metastases in TRACERx

Metastatic disease is responsible for the majority of cancer-related deaths. We report the longitudinal evolutionary analysis of 126 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumours from 421 prospectively recruited patients in TRACERx who developed metastatic disease, compared with a control cohort of 144 non-metastatic tumours. In 25% of cases, metastases diverged early, before the last clonal sweep in the primary tumour, and early divergence was enriched for patients who were smokers at the time of initial diagnosis. Simulations suggested that early metastatic divergence more frequently occurred at smaller tumour diameters (less than 8 mm). Single-region primary tumour sampling resulted in 83% of late divergence cases being misclassified as early, highlighting the importance of extensive primary tumour sampling. Polyclonal dissemination, which was associated with extrathoracic disease recurrence, was found in 32% of cases. Primary lymph node disease contributed to metastatic relapse in less than 20% of cases, representing a hallmark of metastatic potential rather than a route to subsequent recurrences/disease progression. Metastasis-seeding subclones exhibited subclonal expansions within primary tumours, probably reflecting positive selection. Our findings highlight the importance of selection in metastatic clone evolution within untreated primary tumours, the distinction between monoclonal versus polyclonal seeding in dictating site of recurrence, the limitations of current radiological screening approaches for early diverging tumours and the need to develop strategies to target metastasis-seeding subclones before relapse