Catalytic difunctionalization of unactivated alkenes with unreactive hexamethyldisilane through regeneration of silylium ions

A metal‐free, intermolecular syn‐addition of hexamethyldisilane across simple alkenes is reported. The catalytic cycle is initiated and propagated by the transfer of a methyl group from the disilane to a silylium‐ion‐like intermediate, corresponding to the (re)generation of the silylium‐ion catalyst. The key feature of the reaction sequence is the cleavage of the Si−Si bond in a 1,3‐silyl shift from silicon to carbon. A central intermediate of the catalysis was structurally characterized by X‐ray diffraction, and the computed reaction mechanism is fully consistent with the experimental findings.TU Berlin, Open-Access-Mittel - 201

RELEVANSI PEMBENTUKAN PERADILAN ADAT DALAM SISTEM HUKUM PERADILAN DI INDONESIA: (RELEVANCE OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CUSTOMARY JUSTICE IN THE JUSTICE LEGAL SYSTEM IN INDONESIA)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dasar normatif pembentukan peradilan adat berdasarkan  UU Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa, dan relevansi pembentukan peradilan adat dalam sistem peradilan Indonesia. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang menkonsepsikan hukum sebagai apa yang tertulis dengan kajian dari berbagai aspek. Teknik analisis dilakukan dengan  penafsiran hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dasar normatif pembentukan kembali peradilan adat merupakan penegasan pengakuan negara terhadap hak konstitusional  masyarakat adat dan untuk mendapatkan akses keadilan dibutuhkan melalui peradilan adat yang mempertahankan nilai-nilai hukum adat tersebut. Pembentukan peradilan adat dalam sistem peradilan Indonesia tetap relevan sebagai upaya menjaga kewibawaan hukum adat melalui penegakan nilai-nilai hukum yang masih tetap dipatuhi oleh masyarakat adat

L’évolution électorale de la France urbaine (1971-1983)

Dans les villes de plus de 9 000 habitants, la période qui sépare les élections municipales de 1971 de celles de 1973 forme une séquence d'évolution politique homogène. Sous la pression des grands partis, les systèmes politiques locaux perdent progressivement leur autonomie par rapport au système politique national. Bipolarisation et « partisanisation » entraînent un ajustement des structures électorales locales sur les structures nationales. Ces observations incitent à discuter le modèle des élections intermédiaires - élections sans obligation ni sanction - appliquées aux scrutins municipaux de 1977 et 1983. Quel que soit le degré de spécificité des élections municipales, ces scrutins marquent des étapes importantes et significatives de l'évolution générale du système politique et des rapports de force électoraux, dans la France urbaine

Physiology: Morphological characteristics of preimplantation stage endometrium in the rhesus monkey

The morphological characteristics of endometrium on day 6 after ovulation of conception (group 1) and non-fecund, menstrual (group 2) cycles have been studied in the rhesus monkey (n = 30). A conception cycle was distinguished by the presence of a developmentally normal, age—stage-synchronized embryo. Thus, 78% of the mated cycles (n = 18) yielding synchronous embryos (12 zona-encased and two zona-free blastocysts) were used for this study. On day 6 after ovulation, no significant changes in the serum concentrations of oestrogen and progesterone were seen in conception cycles (n = 14) compared with the non-mated, normal ovulatory cycles (n = 12). Morphometric analyses revealed that on day 6 of gestation (n = 8), endometrium differed from the corresponding non-mated luteal phase (n = 7) with significant increases in epithelial mitosis (P < 0.01), height of glandular epithelium (P < 0.05), volume ratio of gland cell to gland (P < 0.03), degree of pseudostratification (P < 0.02), and higher frequency of supranuclear, adluminal accumulation of vacuoles in gland cells (P < 0.05). The degree of stromal oedema was higher (P < 0.02) in fecund cycles but there was no change in venular diameter. In a separate set of experiments, estimates of tissue vascular response revealed a higher (P < 0.02) endometrial extravascular albumin space on the same day of gestation; there were no differences, however, in endometrial blood volume, or in the number of von Willebrand antigen-positive capillaries and small vessels between the two groups (group 1, n = 6; group 2, n = 5). The overall results of the present study together with our earlier reports support the hypothesis that differential changes occur in luteal phase endometrium functionalis in the presence of preimplantation stage blastocyst in the rhesus monke

Birth seasonality studies in a large Prader-Willi syndrome cohort.

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is generally due to sporadic paternal deletions of the chromosome 15q11-q13 region followed by maternal disomy 15. Advanced maternal age is more commonly seen in those with maternal disomy 15. Environmental factors (e.g., drug use, occupational chemical exposure, infectious agents, and irradiation) could account for chromosome changes. Previous evidence of differences in male and female gametogenesis could suggest an environmental role in the causation of the paternal 15q11-q13 deletion seen in PWS. Certain occupations such as hydrocarbon-exposing occupations (e.g., landscaping, farming, and painting) and viral exposure (e.g., human coronavirus 229E causing upper respiratory infections in adults with an incorporation site in the human genome at chromosome 15q11) can be seasonal in nature and contribute to chromosome damage. To assess, we reviewed birth seasonality data in a large cohort of individuals with PWS recruited nationally (N = 355) but no significant differences were seen by month between those with the 15q11-q13 deletion compared with maternal disomy 15 when analyzing quarterly seasonal patterns. Although early evidence supported birth seasonality differences in PWS, a larger number of individuals in our recent study using advanced genetic testing methods did not find this observation

KAJIAN YURIDIS TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP TENAGA KERJA WANITA MALAM HARI DI PASAR SWALAYAN DI MANADO DAN SEKITARNYA

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan agar tenaga kerja wanita mendapatkan perlindungan hukum sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, khususnya tenaga kerja wanita yang bekerja pada malam hari di pasar swalayan yang sepatutnya mendapatkan perlindungan yang optimal dan benar-benar mendapatkan haknya sesuai dengan peraturan yang mengatur tentang Tenaga Kerja yaitu UU No.13 Tahun 2003 dan UU No. 1 Tahun 1970 tentang Keselamatan Kerja. Dengan mengunakan metode  penelitian hokum empiris  dan melakukan survey lapangan.penelitian ini dilakukan  Hasil penelitian  menunjukan  belum adanya pengaturan yang spesifik bagi pekerja  wanita yang bekerja pada malam hari baik dalam UU No 13 Tahun 2993 dan berbagai peraturan lainya. Hasil wawancara menunjukan  perusahan  (pengelolah Pasar Swalayan ) di kota manado tidak ada program khusus untuk  perlindungan bagi wanita  yang berkerja pada malam hari baik waktu maupuun sesudah bekerja. model/bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap tenaga kerja wanita khususnya yang bekerja pada malam hari..  aspek lain yang ditemukan  lewat wawancara terhadap pekerja wanita yaitu tidak adanya pengawasan langsung oleh  Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Kota Manado terkait  keberadaan mereka. Sebagai Kesimpulan  tenaga kerja perempuan  yang  bekerja pada malam hari belum  mendapatkan  jaminan perdilindungi hokum baik oleh pengusaha berupa program khusus , maupun oleh dinas yang terkait  berupa pengawasan langsung.Kata Kunci : Perlindungan Hukum,Tenaga Kerja Wanita Malam Hari, Pasar Swalayan.

(Re)imagining a Sensing and Feeling Human: On the Creation of Exclusions Through the Visual in International Human Rights

This thesis argues that international human rights are based on a problematic, tacit assumption of an ideal, or genuine, legal subject. To show this, it focuses on some of the ways in which dominant discourses are in tension with human rights’ fundamental claim to universality by ignoring multiple ways of being, affording limited modes of expression, and hence perpetuating social exclusions. Different theoretical and methodological approaches drawn from several disciplines are used to analyse this paradoxical tendency to produce exclusions in international human rights law and practice, notably Hannah Arendt’s figure of the refugee, posthumanist critiques and several non-Western critical theories, namely Black, Indigenous and decoloniality approaches. Often these approaches are used in isolation, but they can usefully inform each other; together, they help reveal how the dominant concept of subjectivity has always needed an ‘Other’, and that the ‘human’ at the heart of human rights is not a universal concept but is historically determined. To illustrate these critical arguments, I pursue an analysis of visual discourses in the field of international human rights, with a focus on the ways in which exclusions are represented and entrenched through the visual in this context. I focus on emblematic images in the history of human rights, as well as on contemporary images used in the field by dominant actors like the United Nations and by people experiencing human rights violations. I then argue that international human rights are based on a vision-centred sensorium and certain processes of reasoning that exclude emotions, and therefore make problematic assumptions about subjects. This supports the broader claim that, due to its cultural and historical origins, the international human rights system is geared to recognize only certain subjects as genuine rights bearers and to provide remedies for certain forms of violations, while ignoring others. Finally, I consider whether and how it would be possible to embrace other forms of thinking and being in the world and to recognize different sensory experiences within the international human rights framework

PELATIHAN DASAR PELAYANAN PRIMA BIDANG PERHOTELAN BAGI KALANGAN MUDA DI LKP MITRA SAURI MEDAN

Pelayanan prima (excellent service) adalah sebuah kepedulian oleh perusahaan terhadap para pelanggan dengan berusaha memberikan pelayanan sebaik mungkin dalam memenuhi harapan dan kebutuhan pelanggan, berdasarkan standar dan prosedur pelayanan untuk mewujudkan kepercayaan pelanggan agar mereka selalu puas, sehingga mewujudkan pelanggan yang memiliki loyalitas tinggi. Begitu pentingnya pelayanan prima bukan hanya untuk kepuasan pelanggan tetapi juga untuk kemajuan bisnis tersebut. Berawal dari harapan pihak Program Studi Manajemen FEIS USM Indonesia sebagai Mitra 1, untuk dapat memberikan pengalaman belajar yang long lasting memory. Salah satunya tentang pelayanan prima dimana mahasiswa dapat mempelajari langsung dari pihak yang berkompeten di bidang tersebut. Sementara LKP Mitra Sauri Medan sebagai Mitra 2, memiliki semangat untuk berbagi ilmu dan pengalaman pembelajaran di bidang jasa perhotelan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka Mitra 1 bersinergi dengan Mitra 2 mengadakan serangkaian kegiatan pelatihan dasar pelayanan prima. Secara keseluruhan kegiatan berjalan dengan baik sesuai dengan perencanaan. Semua pihak dapat bekerjasama dengan baik. Pelatihan dasar pelayanan prima diberikan dengan suasana yang menyenangkan disertai dengan simulasi berbagai kegiatan pelayanan di sebuah hotel dan juga kunjungan ke Emerald Garden International Hotel untuk melihat langsung bagaimana pengaplikasian pelayanan prima pada salah satu hotel yang bertaraf internasional di kota Medan. Hal ini memberikan kesan yang baik dan menarik bagi para peserta dimana mereka bisa memahami pembelajaran tentang pelayanan prima dengan melakukannya langsung (learning by doing

Filière alternative de valorisation des Boues d'Hydroxydes poly-Métalliques (BHpM)

https://www.emse.fr/spip/IMG/pdf/Pollutec-perrin.pdfCommunications par affiche dans un congrès national : Poster, tremplin de la recherche au Sénat le 12 février 2008 Lauréat au tremplin de la recherche au Sénat le 12 février 200