Responsibly Unlocking the Value of Data in Europe

As part of the Datasphere Initiative's European Dialogues' project, this report lays out some of the main trends, priorities, challenges, emerging barriers, good practices, and recommendations to responsibly unlock the value of data for all in Europe. Based on a desk research and semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders in Europe, the report analyzes regulatory efforts led by the European Commission, selected European Union (EU) member states, the UK, and Switzerland.As European efforts to design data policies are ongoing and evolving, this report offers a snapshot of some key reflections on how the European Union and non-EU member states are approaching data governance. While non-exhaustive, the report attempts to analyze some key trends and offer insights on how approaches to data are having an extraterritorial impact and contributing to the region's ability to responsibly unlock the value of data for all

Between writing and the unspeakable of the crisis

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo reflexionar sobre la forma en que se configura el acontecimiento de la crisis de diciembre de 2001 en La intemperie, de Gabriela Massuh. Las formas de abordar el concepto a través del diario personal construye una multiplicidad de discursos, formas y contenidos que, de distinta manera, se aproximan a la representación artística de un suceso que se caracteriza, dentro de la narración, por el abandono, la vulnerabilidad y el derrumbe en distintos planos. De este modo, el trabajo busca abordar la forma en que la escritura de la crisis supone una potencia en la medida en que permite abrir sentidos cristalizados, romper con la jerarquía de las dicotomías entre lo privado y lo público, así como también configurar un tipo de representación que entrecruza sentidos, significantes y géneros.The present work aims to reflect on the way in which the event of the December 2001 crisis is configured in La intemperie, by Gabriela Massuh. The ways of approaching the concept through the personal diary builds a multiplicity of discourses, forms and contents that, in different ways, approximate the artistic representation of an event that is characterized, within the narrative, by abandonment, vulnerability and the collapse on different planes. In this way, the work seeks to address the way in which the writing of the crisis supposes a power insofar as it allows opening crystallized senses, breaking with the hierarchy of dichotomies between the private and the public, as well as configuring a type representation that intersects meanings, signifiers and genders.Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Socia

Los pliegues de lo político en El año del desierto

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo reflexionar sobre las posturas políticas sobre la crisis en El año del desierto de Pedro Mairal. Las formas de abordar el eje se vinculan con los afectos, las posturas y orientaciones del cuerpo, así como también con las relaciones que entabla la protagonista con los objetos, los hechos y los personajes, de acuerdo a la construcción de la subjetividad y el espacio del que forman parte. El análisis de las posturas, las reacciones y los afectos en la novela conllevan a la reflexión sobre las prácticas que permiten la construcción de un relato sobre la crisis, ligado no solo a la subjetividad sino a la tradición, el espacio público y la nación

Partecipazione, partiti, personalizzazione e temi : le elezioni cantonali ticinesi del 2015

Cette étude se concentre sur l’analyse du vote tenu lors de l’élection du parlement du Canton du Tessin en avril 2015. En se focalisant sur la question de la participation électorale, cette étude interroge la pertinence de trois modèles explicatifs (ressources, compétences, mobilisation) et cherche à comprendre l’impact exercé par l’introduction d’un vote par correspondance facilité. De plus, l’analyse de l’orientation partisane vise à identifier quels sont les profils de votants ayant joué un rôle dans l’avancée électorale de certains partis et les difficultés des autres, mais aussi dans quelle mesure la mobilisation des abstentionnistes a joué un rôle crucial. En se demandant pourquoi les électeurs utilisent un vote préférentiel envers les candidats, on trace le profil de ceux qui recourent majoritairement à cette pratique et en particulier de ceux qui font usage du bulletin sans nom de liste. Cette étude vise enfin à comprendre de quelle manière des enjeux jugés prioritaires par les électeurs peuvent influencer leur orientation électorale en relation aux différents partis et au bulletin sans nom de liste. L’étude est réalisée à partir d’une enquête post-électorale auprès d’un échantillon représentatif de la population tessinoise (N=1425)

Policies for capacity development

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Chi vota i partiti ticinesi alle elezioni cantonali? Donne, giovani, anziani e ceti socio-professionali

Come si riflettono i cambiamenti avvenuti nelle ultime tornate elettorali nell’evoluzione della base elettorale dei partiti ticinesi? Una prima analisi dell’Osservatorio della vita politica regionale dell’Università di Losanna sulle elezioni cantonali ticinesi dello scorso aprile, in particolare sulle elezioni del Gran Consiglio, evidenzia alcuni aspetti del profilo-tipo degli elettori dei principali partiti politici ticinesi. Alle elezioni del 2015 si è registrato un aumento della partecipazione di 3,78 punti percentuali. A questo aumento hanno contribuito in modo rilevantele donne, i giovani e gli anziani ossia le categorie che nel 2011 avevano registrato un tasso più alto di astensionismo o di voto per la scheda senza intestazione. Queste categorie hanno in particolare favorito l’avanzata elettorale del PLR e della LEGA al Gran Consiglio nel 2015. Nel PS e nei Verdi si osserva un calo dell’elettorato femminile, anche se restano i partiti più votati dalle donne. Nel PPD, si conferma un equilibrio fra uomini e donne. A beneficiare del voto dei giovani sono soprattutto il PLR, PS, Verdi e La Destra. La LEGA appare meno sostenuta dai più giovani, ma beneficia di più del voto degli anziani, come accade anche al PLR. Nel PPD, il voto degli over 66 ha ridotto il suo peso a vantaggio della fascia 50-65 anni. Nelle tornate elettorali ticinesi degli ultimi decenni si era visto un declino dell’interclassismo: mentre alcuni partiti ticinesi sembravano attrarre in modo vieppiù netto un elettorato di media-alta formazione o con una posizione socio-professionale superiore, altri disponevano invece di un sostegno più marcato dei ceti popolari. Le elezioni cantonali 2015 confermano in parte questo trend. Per esempio, gli elettorati del PS e dei Verdi, continuano a contraddistinguersi per una sovra-rappresentazione degli elettori con formazione elevata. Anche ilPPD appare all’insegna della stabilità, con una sovra-rappresentazione di pensionati. Allo stesso tempo, alcuni dati si muovono in controtendenza nei partiti che hanno accresciuto il proprio sostegno elettorale complessivo nel 2015. Cresce, ad esempio, la presenza dei dirigenti nell’elettorato della LEGA, mentre diminuiscono nel PLR. Queste tendenze emergono dall’analisi di due indagini condotte presso un campione rappresentativo di elettori ticinesi nei giorni successivi alle elezioni cantonali del 2011 e del 2015

Effect of antihypertensive treatments on insulin signalling in lympho-monocytes of essential hypertensive patients: a pilot study.

It was previously demonstrated that metabolic syndrome in humans is associated with an impairment of insulin signalling in circulating mononuclear cells. At least in animal models of hypertension, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) may correct alterations of insulin signalling in the skeletal muscle. In the first study, we investigated the effects of a 3-month treatment with an ARB with additional PPARγ agonist activity, telmisartan, or with a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, nifedipine, on insulin signalling in patients with mild-moderate essential hypertension. Insulin signalling was evaluated in mononuclear cells by isolating them through Ficoll-Paque density gradient centrifugation and protein analysis by Western Blot. An increased expression of mTOR and of phosphorylated (active) mTOR (p-mTOR) was observed in patients treated with telmisartan, but not in those treated with nifedipine, while both treatments increased the cellular expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4). We also investigated the effects of antihypertensive treatment with two drug combinations on insulin signalling and oxidative stress. Twenty essential hypertensive patients were included in the study and treated for 4 weeks with lercanidipine. Then they were treated for 6 months with lercanidipine + enalapril or lercanidipine + hydrochlorothiazide. An increased expression of insulin receptor, GLUT-4 and an increased activation of p70S6K1 were observed during treatment with lercanidipine + enalapril but not with lercanidipine + hydrochlorothiazide. In conclusion, telmisartan and nifedipine are both effective in improving insulin signalling in human hypertension; however, telmisartan seems to have broader effects. The combination treatment lercanidipine + enalapril seems to be more effective than lercanidipine + hydrochlorothiazide in activating insulin signalling in human lympho-monocytes

Gene expression profiling of Trypanosoma cruzi in the presence of heme points to glycosomal metabolic adaptation of epimastigotes inside the vector

Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, and is transmitted by triatomine insects during its blood meal. Proliferative epimastigotes forms thrive inside the insects in the presence of heme (iron protoporphyrin IX), an abundant product of blood digestion, however little is known about the metabolic outcome of this signaling molecule in the parasite. Trypanosomatids exhibit unusual gene transcription employing a polycistronic transcription mechanism through trans-splicing that regulates its life cycle. Using the Deep Seq transcriptome sequencing we characterized the heme induced transcriptome of epimastigotes and determined that most of the upregulated genes were related to glucose metabolism inside the glycosomes. These results were supported by the upregulation of glycosomal isoforms of PEPCK and fumarate reductase of heme-treated parasites, implying that the fermentation process was favored. Moreover, the downregulation of mitochondrial gene enzymes in the presence of heme also supported the hypothesis that heme shifts the parasite glycosomal glucose metabolism towards aerobic fermentation. These results are examples of the environmental metabolic plasticity inside the vector supporting ATP production, promoting epimastigotes proliferation and survival

GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETRY SIGNATURE OF PARANÁ VOLCANIC ROCKS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS

The Paraná volcanic rocks (Serra Geral Formation) are characterized by four different types of rocks. The basalts are the most common, and display an integranular texture and dark gray to black color, in massive outcrops. The acid volcanics are represented by aphyric, salt-and-pepper texture, light gray color, named Palmas type (ATP), and by strongly porphyritic, green to brownish gray color, named Chapecó (ATC). The intermediate rocks are represented by light gray, aphyric andesites. Sometimes, it is very difficult to distinguish andesites from ATP rocks or even from basalts, using only petrographic criteria. However, from the geochemical point of view, these rocks are quite different, including the radioactive elements (K, U and Th). In this way the portable gamma-ray spectrometer argued being a useful tool to recognize different rock types with different total gamma-ray signature, such as basalts (4.7 0.8 Rh-1); andesites (7.2 1.2 Rh-1), ATC (11.3 1.2 Rh-1) and for ATP (15.4 2.4 Rh-1)