“For us by us”: visibility and politicization of marginalized youth in Salvador

This paper analyzes visibility as a political artefact, since it has been used by young people from the slums in their attempts to guarantee their “right to the city”. Almost always invisible, these young people commonly appear in the public sphere as being associated with violence, even when engaged in activities related to leisure, entertainment and the cultural industry. Through the accompaniment of youth groups in the city of Salvador that has been dedicated to graffiti, rap, among other marginal artistic practices, we argue that there is a process of building visibility of the demands of these segments, during and after the so-called “June 2013 days”, as long as they began to articulate with the more traditional social movements (those centered on racial and social flags). With these articulations, these young people from the slums have created an alternative to “perverse visibility”, which is the projection given to them by the media and police authorities, when they frame them in the terms of disorder and social anomie. Finally, we consider that the politicization of these artistic movements has made it possible for these young people to create another type of youth from the periphery, not linked to drug trafficking, nor to governmental initiatives (young people from social projects).O presente trabalho analisa a visibilidade como artefato político, na medida em que ela tem sido utilizada por jovens da periferia urbana em suas tentativas de garantir o seu “direito à cidade”. Quase sempre invisíveis, comumente, esses jovens aparecem na esfera pública como associados à violência, mesmo quando se dedicam às atividades vinculadas ao lazer, ao entretenimento e à indústria cultural. Por intermédio do acompanhamento de coletivos de jovens da cidade de Salvador que têm se dedicado à pixação, ao grafite, ao rap, dentre outras práticas artísticas marginais, argumentamos que há um processo de construção de visibilidade das demandas desses segmentos, uma vez que, antes, durante e após as chamadas “jornadas de junho de 2013”, eles passaram a se articular com os movimentos sociais mais tradicionais (aqueles centrados em bandeiras de cunho racial e social). Com essas articulações, esses jovens da periferia têm criado uma alternativa à “visibilidade perversa”, que é a projeção a eles conferida pela mídia e pelas autoridades policiais, sobretudo quando os enquadram nos termos da desordem e da anomia social. Por fim, consideramos que a politização desses movimentos artísticos tem possibilitado aos jovens a emergência de um outro tipo de juventude da periferia, nem vinculada ao tráfico de drogas, tampouco às iniciativas governamentais (isto é, os jovens de projetos sociais)

A Fundação de Apoio e Mobilização Social (FAMFS), o esporte e a inclusão social

O entendimento de que o esporte favorece a inclusão social, pode ser visto em um grande número de projetos esportivos. Apesar disso, este constitui um fenômeno multifacetado e complexo, que carece de ser compreendido na sua contribuição real ou potencial para os processos de desenvolvimento da humanidade. Ante ao exposto, a presente investigação objetivou analisar e discutir os contributos da Fundação de Apoio ao Cidadão e Mobilização Social (FAMFS), para a inclusão social no município de Feira de Santana, Estado da Bahia – Brasil, com ações relacionadas do esporte. O presente artigo justifica-se, ante a necessidade de estudos de impacto de projetos sociais nas comunidades, a partir da implementação de atividades esportivas. Para tanto, recorremos ao método qualitativo, de base etnográfica. As fontes de coleta de dados utilizadas foram entrevistas, documentos (base institucional, impressa e eletrônica), e notas de campo provenientes das atividades de observação-participante. A maioria dos resultados aponta que o projeto mais evidenciado envolveu a fabricação de materiais esportivos,através dos Programas “Pintando a Liberdade e Cidadania”, beneficiando as crianças, os adolescentes, mas também as suas famílias. O principal parceiro da FAMFS, na dinamização dos vários projetos esportivos sociais foi o poder público. As estratégias utilizadas pela fundação para cooperação e diálogo intersetorial na dinamização dos seus projetos esportivos sociais, envolveu a formalização de convênios com o poderpúblico, nos três níveis (municipal, estadual e federal). Em síntese, os dados evidenciam que as ações da FAMFS beneficiaram a inclusão social de crianças e adolescentes, e as suas famílias, com ações relacionadas ao esporte. Esta intervenção foi amplamente reconhecida e valorizada pelas autoridades públicas brasileiras e por diversas instituições nacionais e internacionais

Microcephaly in Pernambuco State, Brazil: epidemiological characteristics and evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of cutoff points for reporting suspected cases.

The increase in the number of reported cases of microcephaly in Pernambuco State, and Northeast Brazil, characterized an epidemic that led the Brazilian Ministry of Health to declare a national public health emergency. The Brazilian Ministry of Health initially defined suspected cases as newborns with gestational age (GA) ≥ 37 weeks and head circumference (HC) ≤ 33cm, but in December 2015 this cutoff was lowered to 32cm. The current study aimed to estimate the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of different cutoff points for HC, using ROC curves, with the Fenton and Intergrowth (2014) curves as the gold standard. The study described cases reported in Pernambuco from August 8 to November 28, 2015, according to sex and GA categories. The Fenton and Intergrowth methods provide HC growth curves according to GA and sex, and microcephaly is defined as a newborn with HC below the 3rd percentile in these distributions. Of the 684 reported cases, 599 were term or post-term neonates. For these, the analyses with ROC curves show that according to the Fenton criterion the cutoff point with the largest area under the ROC curve, with sensitivity greater than specificity, is 32cm for both sexes. Using the Intergrowth method and following the same criteria, the cutoff points are 32cm and 31.5cm for males and females, respectively. The cutoff point identified by the Fenton method (32cm) coincided with the Brazilian Ministry of Health recommendation. Adopting Intergrowth as the standard, the choice would be 32cm for males and 31.5cm for females. The study identified the need to conduct critical and on-going analyses to evaluate cutoff points, including other characteristics for microcephaly case definition

A Fundação de Apoio e Mobilização Social (FAMFS), o Esporte e a Inclusão Social.

O entendimento de que o esporte favorece a inclusão social, pode ser visto em um grande número de projetos esportivos. Apesar disso, este constitui um fenômeno multifacetado e complexo, que carece de ser compreendido na sua contribuição real ou potencial para os processos de desenvolvimento da humanidade. Ante ao exposto, a presente investigação objetivou analisar e discutir os contributos da Fundação de Apoio ao Cidadão e Mobilização Social (FAMFS), para a inclusão social no município de Feira de Santana, Estado da Bahia – Brasil, com ações relacionadas do esporte. O presente artigo justifica-se, ante a necessidade de estudos de impacto de projetos sociais nas comunidades, a partir da implementação de atividades esportivas. Para tanto, recorremos ao método qualitativo, de base etnográfica. As fontes de coleta de dados utilizadas foram entrevistas, documentos (base institucional, impressa e eletrônica), e notas de campo provenientes das atividades de observação-participante. A maioria dos resultados aponta que o projeto mais evidenciado envolveu a fabricação de materiais esportivos, através dos Programas “Pintando a Liberdade e Cidadania”, beneficiando as crianças, os adolescentes, mas também as suas famílias. O principal parceiro da FAMFS, na dinamização dos vários projetos esportivos sociais foi o poder público. As estratégias utilizadas pela fundação para cooperação e diálogo intersetorial na dinamização dos seus projetos esportivos sociais, envolveu a formalização de convênios com o poder público, nos três níveis (municipal, estadual e federal). Em síntese, os dados evidenciam que as ações da FAMFS beneficiaram a inclusão social de crianças e adolescentes, e as suas famílias, com ações relacionadas ao esporte. Esta intervenção foi amplamente reconhecida e valorizada pelas autoridades públicas brasileiras e por diversas instituições nacionais e internacionais.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Co-design of an intervention to increase the participation in leisure activities including adolescents with cerebral palsy with GMFCS levels IV and V: a study protocol

The participation of adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) within the community is reduced compared to their peers and is a barrier to their socialization, self-determination and quality of life. Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) is a key strategy for successful interventions, especially when involvement of the stakeholders takes place at all stages of the research. Co-design can be crucial for success as researchers, patients with CP and their families work together to bring the necessary elements to the interventions to be designed. The objectives will be: (1) To co-design an intervention aimed at improving the participation of adolescents with significant motor disabilities within the community in partnership with adolescents with CP, families and rehabilitation professionals. (2) To assess the feasibility of the co-design process in partnership with interested parties. The study will be based on Participatory Action Research (PAR) and will be held in Spain and Brazil. In both countries, the study will be carried out remotely with nine adolescents aged 12 to 17 years with CP, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels IV–V, their families and six health professionals (physiotherapists and occupational therapists). Different dialogue groups will be created to involve adolescents, families and health professionals to the research’s project. To manage their involvement in the co-design process, the Involvement Matrix (IM) will be used, and according to the IM phases, four steps will be included in the research: (1) Preparation; (2) Co-design; (3) Analysis: results of the intervention protocol and the study’s feasibility and (4) Dissemination of results. Partnering with the public to design an intervention to improve participation can bring better results compared to protocols designed only by health professionals. In addition, it will allow for knowing the needs of adolescents with CP in terms of participation within the community. The study will also explore which roles were chosen by all participants and how they felt while actively participating in the process of co-designing an intervention protocol and their own perspectives on the use of the involvement matrix

Interrater reliability of the Saint-Anne Dargassies Scale in assessing the neurological patterns of healthy preterm newborns

Abstract Objectives: to assess the interrater reliability of the Saint-Anne Dargassies Scale in assessing neurological patterns of healthy preterm newborns. Methods: twenty preterm newborns met the inclusion criteria for participation in this prospective study. The neurologic examination was performed using the Saint-Anne Dargassies Scale, showing normal serial cranial ultrasound examination. In order to test the reliability, the study was structured as follows: group I (rater 1/physiotherapist; rater 2/neonatologist); group II (rater 3/physiotherapist; rater 4/child neurologist) and the gold standard (expert and professor in pediatric neurology). Results: high interrater agreement was observed between groups I - II compared with the gold standard in assessing postural pattern (p<0.01). Regarding the assessment ofprimitive reflexes, greater agreement was observed in the evaluation of palmar grasp reflex and Moro reflex (p< 0.01) for group I compared with the gold standard. An analysis of tone demonstrated heterogeneous agreement, without compromising the reliability of the scale. The probability of equality between measurements of head circumference in the two groups, compared with the gold standard, was observed. Conclusions: the Saint-Anne Dargassies Scale demonstrated high reliability and homogeneity with significant power of reproducibility and may be capable to identify preterm newborns suspected of having neurological deficits

Interrater reliability of the Saint-Anne Dargassies Scale in assessing the neurological patterns of healthy preterm newborns

<div><p>Abstract Objectives: to assess the interrater reliability of the Saint-Anne Dargassies Scale in assessing neurological patterns of healthy preterm newborns. Methods: twenty preterm newborns met the inclusion criteria for participation in this prospective study. The neurologic examination was performed using the Saint-Anne Dargassies Scale, showing normal serial cranial ultrasound examination. In order to test the reliability, the study was structured as follows: group I (rater 1/physiotherapist; rater 2/neonatologist); group II (rater 3/physiotherapist; rater 4/child neurologist) and the gold standard (expert and professor in pediatric neurology). Results: high interrater agreement was observed between groups I - II compared with the gold standard in assessing postural pattern (p<0.01). Regarding the assessment ofprimitive reflexes, greater agreement was observed in the evaluation of palmar grasp reflex and Moro reflex (p< 0.01) for group I compared with the gold standard. An analysis of tone demonstrated heterogeneous agreement, without compromising the reliability of the scale. The probability of equality between measurements of head circumference in the two groups, compared with the gold standard, was observed. Conclusions: the Saint-Anne Dargassies Scale demonstrated high reliability and homogeneity with significant power of reproducibility and may be capable to identify preterm newborns suspected of having neurological deficits.</p></div

Co-Design of an Intervention to Increase the Participation in Leisure Activities Including Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy with GMFCS Levels IV and V: A Study Protocol

The participation of adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) within the community is reduced compared to their peers and is a barrier to their socialization, self-determination and quality of life. Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) is a key strategy for successful interventions, especially when involvement of the stakeholders takes place at all stages of the research. Co-design can be crucial for success as researchers, patients with CP and their families work together to bring the necessary elements to the interventions to be designed. The objectives will be: (1) To co-design an intervention aimed at improving the participation of adolescents with significant motor disabilities within the community in partnership with adolescents with CP, families and rehabilitation professionals. (2) To assess the feasibility of the co-design process in partnership with interested parties. The study will be based on Participatory Action Research (PAR) and will be held in Spain and Brazil. In both countries, the study will be carried out remotely with nine adolescents aged 12 to 17 years with CP, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels IV–V, their families and six health professionals (physiotherapists and occupational therapists). Different dialogue groups will be created to involve adolescents, families and health professionals to the research’s project. To manage their involvement in the co-design process, the Involvement Matrix (IM) will be used, and according to the IM phases, four steps will be included in the research: (1) Preparation; (2) Co-design; (3) Analysis: results of the intervention protocol and the study’s feasibility and (4) Dissemination of results. Partnering with the public to design an intervention to improve participation can bring better results compared to protocols designed only by health professionals. In addition, it will allow for knowing the needs of adolescents with CP in terms of participation within the community. The study will also explore which roles were chosen by all participants and how they felt while actively participating in the process of co-designing an intervention protocol and their own perspectives on the use of the involvement matrix