Proposal of a general classification schema for museum objects

The current schema used by the Rio de Janeiro`s Museum Network website to classify the museum objects in different museums' collections contains 16 categories that are no longer enough to encompass all the collections of museums about to adhere to the network. These new collections include scientific and intangible cultural heritage objects that needed to be fitted in categories of their own. In order to expand the classification schema, an Ontological approach was used, as well as the Aristothelic classification theory, to analyze and distinguish the different types of museum objects, define new categories and clarify the present ones, including them on the new broadened schema proposed, guaranteeing compatibility with museums already connected to the network. The categories suggested include a broader one, Museum objects, which contains Natural objects (subdivided in Inorganic and Organic objects) and Physical or conceptual products of human culture - Man-made objects (comprising Material culture objects or Artifacts and Conceptual products of human Culture – the first one containing all 16 pre-existing categories); and a new broad category for Cultural heritage objects. This proposal constructs a broader schema then the one in use, while encompassing it and allowing the insertion of any new categories that may appear in the future

In-depth genome characterization of a Brazilian common bean core collection using DArTseq high-density SNP genotyping

Background: Common bean is a legume of social and nutritional importance as a food crop, cultivated worldwide especially in developing countries, accounting for an important source of income for small farmers. The availability of the complete sequences of the two common bean genomes has dramatically accelerated and has enabled new experimental strategies to be applied for genetic research. DArTseq has been widely used as a method of SNP genotyping allowing comprehensive genome coverage with genetic applications in common bean breeding programs. Results: Using this technology, 6286 SNPs (1 SNP/86.5 Kbp) were genotyped in genic (43.3%) and non-genic regions (56. 7%). Genetic subdivision associated to the common bean gene pools (K = 2) and related to grain types (K = 3 and K = 5) were reported. A total of 83% and 91% of all SNPs were polymorphic within the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools, respectively, and 26% were able to differentiate the gene pools. Genetic diversity analysis revealed an average HE of 0.442 for the whole collection, 0.102 for Andean and 0.168 for Mesoamerican gene pools (FST = 0.747 between gene pools), 0. 440 for the group of cultivars and lines, and 0.448 for the group of landrace accessions (FST = 0.002 between cultivar/line and landrace groups). The SNP effects were predicted with predominance of impact on non-coding regions (77.8%). SNPs under selection were identified within gene pools comparing landrace and cultivar/line germplasm groups (Andean: 18; Mesoamerican: 69) and between the gene pools (59 SNPs), predominantly on chromosomes 1 and 9. The LD extension estimate corrected for population structure and relatedness (r2 SV) was~88 kbp, while for the Andean gene pool was~395 kbp, and for the Mesoamerican was ~ 130 kbp. Conclusions: For common bean, DArTseq provides an efficient and cost-effective strategy of generating SNPs for large-scale genome-wide studies. The DArTseq resulted in an operational panel of 560 polymorphic SNPs in linkage equilibrium, providing high genome coverage. This SNP set could be used in genotyping platforms with many applications, such as population genetics, phylogeny relation between common bean varieties and support to molecular breeding approaches

Blood transfusion in cardiac surgery is a risk factor for increased hospital length of stay in adult patients

Abstract\ud \ud \ud \ud Background\ud \ud Allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion has been proposed as a negative indicator of quality in cardiac surgery. Hospital length of stay (LOS) may be a surrogate of poor outcome in transfused patients.\ud \ud \ud \ud Methods\ud \ud Data from 502 patients included in Transfusion Requirements After Cardiac Surgery (TRACS) study were analyzed to assess the relationship between RBC transfusion and hospital LOS in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and enrolled in the TRACS study.\ud \ud \ud \ud Results\ud \ud According to the status of RBC transfusion, patients were categorized into the following three groups: 1) 199 patients (40%) who did not receive RBC, 2) 241 patients (48%) who received 3 RBC units or fewer (low transfusion requirement group), and 3) 62 patients (12%) who received more than 3 RBC units (high transfusion requirement group). In a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, the following factors were predictive of a prolonged hospital length of stay: age higher than 65 years, EuroSCORE, valvular surgery, combined procedure, LVEF lower than 40% and RBC transfusion of > 3 units.\ud \ud \ud \ud Conclusion\ud \ud RBC transfusion is an independent risk factor for increased LOS in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. This finding highlights the adequacy of a restrictive transfusion therapy in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.\ud \ud \ud \ud Trial registration\ud \ud Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: http://NCT01021631.The authors would like to thank Suelly Zeferino and Lígia Camara for their assistance with data extraction. There was no external funding source for this research.This work was supported by the Department of Anaesthesiology, InCor, University of Sao Paulo

Automação de bibliotecas e centros de documentação: o processo de avaliação e seleção de softwares

O mercado de produção e geração de softwares para automação de bibliotecas apresentou grande impulso nos últimos dez anos. Escolher um software representa, hoje, mais que escolher uma ferramenta tecnológica para implementar serviços prestados pelas bibliotecas. Representa introduzir nova filosofia de trabalho, novos comportamentos e valores informacionais. Este trabalho apresenta o resultado dos estudos realizados para a escolha de um software para a automação das bibliotecas da Presidência da República. Pretende contribuir com a revisão de literatura e com os profissionais e estudiosos da área, oferecendo uma análise de cada produto, bem como a identificação dos requisitos indispensáveis e desejáveis que o software deve possuir para o processo de automação de bibliotecas e centros de documentação

Inhibition of PbGP43 expression may suggest that gp43 is a virulence factor in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

ABSTARCT: Glycoprotein gp43 is an immunodominant diagnostic antigen for paracoccidioidomycosis caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. It is abundantly secreted in isolates such as Pb339. It is structurally related to beta-1,3-exoglucanases, however inactive. Its function in fungal biology is unknown, but it elicits humoral, innate and protective cellular immune responses; it binds to extracellular matrix-associated proteins. In this study we applied an antisense RNA (aRNA) technology and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation to generate mitotically stable PbGP43 mutants (PbGP43 aRNA) derived from wild type Pb339 to study its role in P. brasiliensis biology and during infection. Control PbEV was transformed with empty vector. Growth curve, cell vitality and morphology of PbGP43 aRNA mutants were indistinguishable from those of controls. PbGP43 expression was reduced 80-85% in mutants 1 and 2, as determined by real time PCR, correlating with a massive decrease in gp43 expression. This was shown by immunoblotting of culture supernatants revealed with anti-gp43 mouse monoclonal and rabbit polyclonal antibodies, and also by affinity-ligand assays of extracellular molecules with laminin and fibronectin. In vitro, there was significantly increased TNF-α production and reduced yeast recovery when PbGP43 aRNA1 was exposed to IFN-γ-stimulated macrophages, suggesting reduced binding/uptake and/or increased killing. In vivo, fungal burden in lungs of BALB/c mice infected with silenced mutant was negligible and associated with decreased lung ΙΛ-10 and IL-6. Therefore, our results correlated low gp43 expression with lower pathogenicity in mice, but that will be definitely proven when PbGP43 knockouts become available.

estudos artísticos

A revista Gama prossegue o aprofundamento da sua linha editorial específica e dentro do projeto mais alargado de desafiar criadores a debaterem e apresentar a obra de outros criadores, dentro do espaço descentrado que é o universo dos idiomas ibéricos. Trata-se de, dentro deste tema mais abrangente, revisitar arquivos, autores de épocas um pouco recuadas, de resgatar do esquecimento o património que existe e urge apresentar, discutir, colocar em ação, fazer funcionar, pela voz dos artistas. A arte necessita de ser ativada por intermédio do pensamento, e com ele, do discurso. Há vozes silenciosas que aguardam olhos, ouvidos, inquietações, deslumbramentos. Quando uma peça é descoberta é como se voltasse a ser feita: esse é o paradoxo do documento. A arte é vestígio e ao mesmo tempo universalidade, eternidade. É local e total. É sempre, em simultâneo, sem contradição, facto e possibilidade, presença e ausência. Os vinte e quatro artigos apresentados neste número cinco da Revista Gama oferecem outros tantos pontos de vista sobre os discursos artísticos. Recupera-se obra desconhecida, mostram-se obras, descobrem-se autores desaparecidos. Aqui a arte depositou-se, precipitou-se, tornou-se visível ao resgate. O resgate, operação de amor, é feito por artistas. Os públicos estão no futuro, à nossa espera.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio