Comparative Analysis of Cell Proliferation Ratio in Oral Lichen Planus, Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background: Although oral lichen planus has been classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a potentially malignant disorder, such classification is still the target of much controversy. Aim: To evaluate the cell proliferation rate in oral lichen planus, comparing it to the rate observed in epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma, aiming at indications which might indicate the potential for malignant transformation . Material and Methods: Twenty-four cases of each lesion were submitted to the streptoavidin-biotin and AgNOR technique to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of PCNA and the mean NORs/nucleus, respectively. Results: Positivity for PCNA was observed in 58.33% of oral lichen planus cases, 83.33% of epithelial dysplasia cases and 91.67% of oral squamous cell carcinoma cases. Chi-squared test showed that the number of positive cases for PCNA was significantly lower in oral lichen planus than in oral squamous cell carcinoma (p0.05) and between the epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (p>0.05) was observed. The mean NORs/nucleus in oral lichen planus, epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma were 1.74±0.32, 2.42±0.62 e 2.41±0.61, respectively. Variance analysis (ANOVA) revealed significant statistical difference between oral lichen planus and the other studied lesions (p<0.05). Conclusion: Oral lichen planus cell proliferation rate was less than in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma which might explain the lower malignant transformation rate

Comparative study of cell alterations in oral lichen planus and epidermoid carcinoma of the mouth mucosa

SummaryCurrently, much is discussed regarding the pre-malignant nature of mouth mucosa lichen planus.AimThe present study aims at analyzing the alterations found in the epithelial cells present in the oral cavity lichen planus, comparing them to those found in epidermoid carcinoma.Materials and MethodsHistological cross-sections of oral lichen planus and epidermoid carcinoma, dyed by hematoxylineosin, were analyzed through light microscopy.Resultthe most frequently found alterations in oral lichen planus were: an increase in the nucleus/cytoplasm relation (93.33%), nucleus membrane thickness (86.67%) and bi-nucleus or multinucleous (86.67%). The Student t test (alpha=5%) revealed a statistically significant difference between the average number of cell alterations in oral lichen planus (5.87±1.57) and in epidermoid carcinoma (7.60±1.81). As to the types of alterations, the chi-squared test also revealed statistically significant differences among the lesions assessed in relation to the following cell alterations: nuclear excess chromatism, atypical mitoses, cellular pleomorphism and abnormal cell differentiation (p<0.05).ConclusionDespite the fact that in some cases, some pathologists may make mistakes in the histopathological diagnosis of oral lichen planus, the results obtained in this study show that the alterations present in oral lichen planus differ considerably from those seen in epidermoid carcinoma, thus showing how distinct these two diseases are

Squamous cell carcinoma in mouth mucosa: a short survey

O câncer bucal é um problema de saúde pública em muitos países, inclusive no Brasil. Todavia, a prevenção e o diagnóstico precoce continuam sendo as formas mais eficazes de combate ao câncer. Objetivo: Traçar um perfil dos casos de carcinoma epidermóide na cidade de São José dos Campos - SP. Material e Métodos: Foram levantados todos os laudos emitidos no período de 1972 a 2004, sendo que destes, apenas 224 continham o diagnóstico de interesse. A seguir foram coletados os dados referentes ao sexo, raça, idade e localização da lesão primária. Estes foram, então, tabulados e analisados, utilizando-se da estatística descritiva. Resultados: Quanto ao sexo, observou-se uma forte predileção pelo masculino (80,4%), o mesmo acontecendo em relação à raça branca (74,6%) Já a respeito da idade dos pacientes no momento do diagnóstico, 86,2% estavam entre a quinta e a oitava década de vida. Neste estudo, também se pode notar que a língua foi a região mais acometida, com 22,8% dos casos, seguida do lábio inferior, 19,7%, e do soalho bucal, 14,3%. Conclusão: O padrão epidemiológico apresentado pelo câncer bucal na cidade de São José dos Campos - SP e região não difere daquele observado no restante do Brasil.Oral cancer is a public health issue in many countries, including Brazil. Thus, prevention and early diagnosis still remain as the most effective ways to combat cancer. The present study aimed to obtain a profi le of squamous cell carcinoma cases in the city of São José dos Campos. All case fi les from 1972 to 2004 were analyzed and only 224 had the diagnosis of interest. Data regarding gender, race, age and location of the primary lesion were tabled and analyzed, using descriptive statistics. Regarding gender, a strong occurrence in males (80.4% of the cases) was observed, the same regarding white race (74.6%). In regards to age, 86.2% of the patients were between the fi fth and eighth decade of life at the moment of the diagnosis. In this study, is was also noticeable that tongue was the most affected region, with 22.8% of the cases, followed by inferior lip (19.7%) and mouth fl oor (14.3%). The epidemiological pattern presented by oral cancer in the city of São José dos Campos does not differ from the one observed in the other parts of Brazil

VASCULARIZAÇÃO E GRAU DE ATIPIA EPITELIAL EM LESÕES PRÉ-NEOPLÁSICAS QUIMICAMENTE INDUZIDAS / VASCULARIZATION AND EPITHELIAL DYSPLASIA IN CHEMICALLY INDUCED PRENEOPLASTIC LESIONS

Introdução: A angiogênese é um importante fator nos processos neoplásicos, entretanto, seu papel no desenvolvimento de lesões pré-neoplásicas ainda é fonte de estudos. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre o número de espaços vasculares e o grau de atipia epitelial em lesões pré-neoplasicas induzidas na pele de camundongos hairless. Métodos: Foram utilizados 34 animais, sendo vinte do grupo de estudo (grupo A) e quatorze do grupo controle (grupo B). No grupo A foi pincelado DMBA a 0,5% no dorso dos animais durante 12 semanas (grupo A1; n=10) e 24 semanas (grupo A2; n=10). O grupo controle recebeu a aplicação de acetona por 12 (B1; n=7) e 24 semanas (B2; n=7), e ao final dos períodos, realizou-se a biópsia da pele para análise histopatológica. Nas lâminas histológicas foram avaliadas a atipia epitelial e o número dos espaços vasculares. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey (5%). Resultados: A análise revelou que 80% do grupo A1 e 100% do A2 apresentaram gradação intensa de atipia celular e aumento no número de vasos neoformados, quando comparados ao grupo B. Conclusão: No modelo estudado, a vascularização foi relacionada ao grau de atipia epitelial nas lesões pré-neoplásicas.Palavras-chave: Angiogênese patológica. Gradação neoplásica. 9,10-dimetil-1,2-benzantraceno.AbstractIntroduction: The angiogenesis is an important factor in neoplastic process; however, its role in preneoplastic lesions is still in investigation. Objective: to evaluate if there is a relationship between the number of vascular spaces and the degree of epithelial atypia in preneoplastic lesions induced by DMBA in hairless mice skin. Methods: Thirty-four animals were divided into an experimental group (group A=20 mice) and control group (group B= 14 mice). The group A animals received 0.5% DMBA in the skin during 12 weeks (group A1; n=10) and 24 weeks (group A2; n=10). The control group received the acetone application during 12 (B1; n=7) and 24 weeks (B2; n=7). At the end of these periods, the skin lesion was biopsied for histopathology analysis. The histological slides were evaluated according to the epithelial atypia and the number of vascular spaces. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test (

Expressão da proteína nuclear de proliferação celular (PCNA), da B-Catenina e do Agnor, na etapa inicial do processo de carcinogênese quimicamente induzido pelo DMBA, em borda lateral de língua de hamsters sírio dourado(Mesocricetus auratus)

The oral cancer model in hamsters shows many simílarities with developmental oral cancer in humans. The proliferating capacity is one the most characteristics of neoplásica ce/Is and detection of these ce/Is allow us, throughout of its counting, to achieve an estimated tumour growing index, with a consequent repercussion about prognostic and in the treatment of those lesions. 40 golden Syrian hamsters, both genders, aged between two to six mouth and weight 150g in average were used. The left síde of tangue of each animal was painted for eight consecutive weeks, with a solution of DMBA. Tongues were removed, fixed in 10% buffered fonnal solution. The histological slides were stained by AgNOR technique and by PCNA and β-catenin immunohistochemical antibodies. Statistical analyzes were performed by ANOVA one-way test and Tukey test. We may conclude that an association between AgNOR and PCNA might indicate the higher proliferating activity of the analyzed celIs. The experimental carcinogenesis model in hamster tongue is an available methodology for immunohistochemistry study. And finally, PCNA and β-catenin immunohistochemical antibodies may be used to analyze possible premalignant areas in oral leukoplakiaO modelo de câncer bucal em hamsters exibe muitas semelhanças com o desenvolvimento do câncer oral em humanos. A capacidade proliferativa é uma das principais características das células neoplásicas e a detecção de células proliferativas permite, através de sua contagem, obter uma estimativa das taxas de crescimento neoplásico, com consequente repercussão no prognóstico e no tratamento das lesões. Foram utilizados 40 hamsters Sírios dourados, machos e fêmeas, com peso aproximado de 150 gramas, com dois a seis meses de idade. A seguir, foi aplicada solução de DMBA na borda lateral esquerda da língua dos animais por oito semanas. Os animais foram sacrificados, e as línguas removidas foram fixadas em formei tamponado a 10%. O cortes histológicos foram corados pela prata para marcação das NOR e pelos anticorpos PCNA e β-catenina. Os dados obtidos receberam tratamento estatístico pelo teste ANOVA e teste de Tukey. Após análise dos resultados pudemos concluir que as associações da técnica pelo AgNOR e a imunoistoquímica pelo PCNA refletiram a maior atividade proliferativa das células analisadas. O modelo de carcinogênese experimental em borda lateral de língua de hamster é uma metodologia que se presta para estudo por imunoistoqufmica. E finalmente, que os anticorpos PCNA e β-catenina podem ser utilizados, nos casos leucoplasia, para analisar possíveis áreas de transformação malign

Comparative analysis of the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, p53, bax, and bcl-2 in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma

Several epidermiologic studies have shown the malignant transformation potential of oral lichen planus; however, this potential is subject of much controversy. To evaluate the expression of proteins related to the cell proliferation and apoptosis processes in oral lichen planus, we compared oral lichen planus with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Twenty-four cases of each lesion were submitted according to streptavidin-biotin technique to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, p53, bax, and bcl-2 proteins. X 2 test showed no statistically significant differences between the expression of p53, bax, and bcl-2 in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma (P > .05). However, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was significantly lower in oral lichen planus than in oral squamous cell carcinoma (P < .05). No statistically significant differences between the expression of p53, bax, and bcl-2 in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma were observed, which may be an evidence of the potential of malignant transformation of oral lichen planus. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Congenital ranula: A case report

The purpose of this study was to report a case of bilateral swelling on the floor of the mouth of a 7-month-old patient. The lesion was congenital and had started to cause feeding problems. After the clinical diagnosis of ranula was made, the lesion was marsupialized. The obtained specimen was submitted for histopathological examination, which revealed an epithelial-lined cystic lesion. These results led to the final diagnosis of mucus retention cyst. After an 8-year follow-up period, the patient is in good general health with no recurrences

Congenital ranula: a case report

The purpose of this study was to report a case of bilateral swelling on the floor of the mouth of a 7-month-old patient. The lesion was congenital and had started to cause feeding problems. After the clinical diagnosis of ranula was made, the lesion was marsupialized. The obtained specimen was submitted for histopathological examination, which revealed an epithelial-lined cystic lesion. These results led to the final diagnosis of mucus retention cyst. After an 8-year follow-up period, the patient is in good general health with no recurrences