Digital Entrepreneurs and the origin of their business models

The aim of this paper is to find out if digital entrepreneurs develop businesses within the opportunity discovery or creation context and how this relates to the digital level of their business model. Following an exploratory research design, seven digital start-ups were interviewed and analyzed up to now. &nbsp

Supporting Data-Driven Business Model Innovations: A structured literature review on tools and methods

Purpose: This paper synthesizes existing research on tools and methods that support data-driven business model innovation, and maps out relevant directions for future research. Design/methodology/approach: We have carried out a structured literature review and collected and analysed a respectable but not excessively large number of 33 publications, due to the comparatively emergent nature of the field. Findings: Current literature on supporting data-driven business model innovation differs in the types of contribution (taxonomies, patterns, visual tools, methods, IT tool and processes), the types of thinking supported (divergent and convergent) and the elements of the business models that are addressed by the research (value creation, value capturing and value proposition). Research limitations/implications: Our review highlights the following as relevant directions for future research. Firstly, most research focusses on supporting divergent thinking, i.e. ideation. However, convergent thinking, i.e. evaluating, prioritizing, and deciding, is also necessary. Secondly, the complete procedure of developing data-driven business models and also the development on chains of tools related to this have been under-investigated. Thirdly, scarcely any IT tools specifically support the development of data-driven business models. These avenues also highlight the necessity to integrate between research on specifics of data in business model innovation, on innovation management, information systems and business analytics. Originality/value: This paper is the first to synthesize the literature on how to identify and develop data-driven business models, and to map out (interdisciplinary) research directions for the community. Keywords: Business model innovation, data-driven business models, research agenda.   Article classification: Literature revie

Panel 7: otitis media:treatment and complications

Objective: We aimed to summarize key articles published between 2011 and 2015 on the treatment of (recurrent) acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion, tympanostomy tube otorrhea, chronic suppurative otitis media and complications of otitis media, and their implications for clinical practice. Data Sources: PubMed, Ovid Medline, the Cochrane Library, and Clinical Evidence (BMJ Publishing). Review Methods: All types of articles related to otitis media treatment and complications between June 2011 and March 2015 were identified. A total of 1122 potential related articles were reviewed by the panel members; 118 relevant articles were ultimately included in this summary. Conclusions: Recent literature and guidelines emphasize accurate diagnosis of acute otitis media and optimal management of ear pain. Watchful waiting is optional in mild to moderate acute otitis media; antibiotics do shorten symptoms and duration of middle ear effusion. The additive benefit of adenoidectomy to tympanostomy tubes in recurrent acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion is controversial and age dependent. Topical antibiotic is the treatment of choice in acute tube otorrhea. Symptomatic hearing loss due to persistent otitis media with effusion is best treated with tympanostomy tubes. Novel molecular and biomaterial treatments as adjuvants to surgical closure of eardrum perforations seem promising. There is insufficient evidence to support the use of complementary and alternative treatments. Implications for Practice: Emphasis on accurate diagnosis of otitis media, in its various forms, is important to reduce overdiagnosis, overtreatment, and antibiotic resistance. Children at risk for otitis media and its complications deserve special attention

Peter Paul Rubens und seine Rolle als Kopist

Große Künstlerpersönlichkeiten wie der Flame Peter Paul Rubens haben sich ausführlich mit dem Schaffen ihrer Vorgänger beschäftigt. Diese Auseinandersetzung ist Gegenstand meiner Diplomarbeit zum Thema ?Peter Paul Rubens und seine Rolle als Kopist?. Am Beginn meiner Arbeit habe ich die Begriffe Original, Kopie, Replik, Fälschung und Reproduktion näher erklärt. Es ist wichtig, diese Ausdrücke klar voneinander abzugrenzen, weil sie im heutigen Sprachgebrauch immer wieder vermischt werden. Das folgende Kapitel zum Lebenslauf des Künstlers ist vor allem der diplomatischen Tätigkeit gewidmet, ohne die Rubens die großen Meisterwerke seiner Vorgänger, die sich im spanischen und englischen Besitz befanden, nie zu Gesicht bekommen hätte. Obwohl Ruben ein viel beschäftigter Diplomat und Künstler war ? von seiner eigenen Hand stammen rund 600 Gemälde ? fand er immer wieder Zeit, Gemälde zu kopieren. Als Gründe dafür wären zu nennen: Sie dienten ihm zu Studienzwecken, er wollte Bilder in seinen Besitz bringen, die sonst unerreichbar für ihn gewesen wären und sich an seinen Vorgängern messen. Sein größtes ?Vorbild? war der Künstler Tizian, der führende Vertreter der venezianischen Hochrenaissance. Genauso wie Rubens war er einer der größten Meister seiner Zeit. Vielleicht war es genau das, was Rubens dazu veranlasste, sich immer wieder mit seinem Vorgänger zu messen und diesen übertreffen zu wollen. In dieser Arbeit werden die von Rubens geschaffenen Kopien mit den Originalen vergleichen und die wichtigsten Unterschiede herausgearbeitet. Ein Ergebnis dieser Arbeit ist, dass der Stil des Flamen durch das Kräftemessen mit seinen Vorgängern maßgeblich beeinflusst wurde.Famous artists like Fleming Peter Paul Rubens, extensively dealt with the works of their predecessors.This analysis is the topic of my thesis named "Peter Paul Rubens und seine Rolle als Kopist". By way of introduction, I define the terms original drawing, copy, replica, imitation and reproduction. It is very important that these terms are clearly defined, as in contemporary language use their meaning is frequently misinterpreted.The following chapter deals with the artist's life and concentrates in particular on his diplomatic activities.As a diplomat Rubens was granted access to the masterpieces of his predeccessors, which were in the possession of Spain and England.He was not only a dedicated diplomat, but also a dedicated artist who created approximately 600 works of his own, and still found time to copy meticulously paintings. The copies helped him to study and to match up with his predecessors and at the same time enabled him to get hold of masterpieces he otherwise would not have been able to aquire. Tizian, the leading representative of Venetian High Renaissance, needs to be mentioned as his biggest archetype. Like Rubens he was a real master of his period. This could have been the reason for Ruben's rivalry with Tizian to equal or even excel him. In my thesis Ruben's copies will be compared to the original paintings and the important distinguishing features will be elaborated on. My findings lead me to the conclusion that the style of the Fleming was to a great degree influenced by his desire to attain the same or greater fame as his predecessors.vorgelegt von Silke RopposchAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des VerfassersZsfassung in engl. SpracheGraz, Univ., Dipl.-Arb., 2011(VLID)21700

Paediatric otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis: therapeutic management, outcome and thrombophilic evaluation.

OBJECTIVE: Otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis (LST) in children represents a serious condition with potential long-lasting morbidity. The role of adjunct anticoagulation therapy and the benefit of an analysis of prothrombotic factors are unclear. The aim of the study was to report therapeutic management and outcome, analyze prothrombotic factors in children with otogenic LST treated with mastoidectomy/antibiotics/anticoagulation and to evaluate the results with a review of the literature. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 9 children with otogenic LST (2000-2009) and literature search in PubMed. RESULTS: The most frequent sign was fever in 88%, while neurologic findings were seen in 55%. Streptococci was the most common bacteria (55%). Prothrombotic factors were normal in all children. All patients received therapeutic anticoagulation, without experiencing bleeding complications. Eight children made a full recovery, neurologic sequelae persisted in one. The literature review of 115 children identified fever as the most prominent sign, reported the absence of neurologic findings in almost 50% of cases and confirmed the major role of streptococci. Anticoagulation, as adjunct therapy, was given to 38% of patients in the therapeutic range with a trend towards better neurologic outcome. A prothrombotic analysis was reported in 5 studies with positive results in 2. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery and antibiotics represent the mainstay of the therapy. Anticoagulation can be safely added in view of the high potential for morbidity and might reduce neurologic sequelae. Bacteria with thrombotic activity seem to be an important aetiology. In contrast, a prothrombotic disposition seems to play a minor role in the development of otogenic LST