X chromosome dosage of histone demethylase KDM5C determines sex differences in adiposity

Males and females differ in body composition and fat distribution. Using a mouse model that segregates gonadal sex (ovaries and testes) from chromosomal sex (XX and XY), we showed that XX chromosome complement in combination with a high-fat diet led to enhanced weight gain in the presence of male or female gonads. We identified the genomic dosage of Kdm5c, an X chromosome gene that escapes X chromosome inactivation, as a determinant of the X chromosome effect on adiposity. Modulating Kdm5c gene dosage in XX female mice to levels that are normally present in males resulted in reduced body weight, fat content, and food intake to a degree similar to that seen with altering the entire X chromosome dosage. In cultured preadipocytes, the levels of KDM5C histone demethylase influenced chromatin accessibility (ATAC-Seq), gene expression (RNA-Seq), and adipocyte differentiation. Both in vitro and in vivo, Kdm5c dosage influenced gene expression involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, which is critical for adipocyte differentiation and adipose tissue expansion. In humans, adipose tissue KDM5C mRNA levels and KDM5C genetic variants were associated with body mass. These studies demonstrate that the sex-dependent dosage of Kdm5c contributes to male/female differences in adipocyte biology and highlight X-escape genes as a critical component of female physiology

EXPERIENCIA EN EL MANEJO DE COVID-19 EN LA SALA DE EMERGENCIA DEL HOSPITAL DR. ABEL GILBERT PONTÓN

La emergencia del hospital Dr. Abel gilbert Pontón fue considerado como un espacio analógico a la cuidad Gótica de New Jersey durante la pandemia. Este lugar era custodiado por un superhéroe anónimo de gran ingenio que elaboraba sus propias armas en respuesta a eventos negativos sobre la sociedad. Contexto que fue reconocido en los médicos que hicieron frente a la pandemia por COVID 19, en cumplimiento al juramento hipocrático de “No llevar otro propósito que el bien y la salud de los enfermos”. El 29 de febrero del 2020 se dio a conocer el primer caso de COVID-19 confirmado en el Ecuador de forma oficial. Esto alerto al Ministerio de Salud Pública (MSP) exigiendo la ejecución de las tácticas de contención como una barrera epidemiológica para evitar la propagación del virus en el país, sin éxito. Consecuentemente el 11 de marzo y de forma inesperada se declaró estado de emergencia a nivel nacional según acuerdo ministerial No 00126-2020, debido al incremento intempestivo de casos COVID-19. Según los análisis clínico-epidemiológicos aproximadamente el 80% de afectados por COVID-19 tienen la capacidad de no presentar sintomatología. Situación que ayudo a su distribución a nivel nacional en contra tiempo y sin distinción de edades, razas y sexo; resultando en una emergencia epidemiológica de carácter mundial.(Dr. C. Luis Eugenio Valdés García, 2020

EL TRABAJO COLABORATIVO COMO ESTRATEGIA DIDÁCTICA PARA EL DESARROLLO DEL PENSAMIENTO CRÍTICO

El presente artículo se enfoca en el análisis del trabajo colaborativo como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de sexto semestre de la carrera de enfermería de la Universidad técnica de Babahoyo. Este estudio se enmarca dentro de una investigación mixta, por cuanto permite cualificar y cuantificar la información recolectada a través de encuestas y entrevistas. La muestra de estudio fue de 43 estudiantes. Los resultados obtenidos de este estudio apuntaron a describir la forma como el trabajo colaborativo en tanto estrategia didáctica favorece el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en los estudiantes dejan en claro que el trabajo colaborativo se consolida cada vez más como una estrategia didáctica válida y pertinente en la enseñanza/aprendizaje. &nbsp

Implementación del sistema de análisis de peligros y puntos críticos de control (HACCP) en el proceso de producción de huevos de industria Avícola Rosanda, S.A.

Implementar el sistema de análisis de peligros y puntos críticos de control HACCP/APPCC en Industria Avícola Rosanda, S.A. de modo que se pueda asegurar la inocuidad de los huevos de mesa que ahí se producen, para que, posteriormente, dicha empresa pueda obtener la certificación internacional de inocuidad que otorga el Instituto de Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria (SQF, por sus siglas en inglés)

El arte en tiempos de pandemia

Las artes escénicas son la representación de todo aquello que las palabras no pueden demostrar, son los valores, mitos, pensamientos y demás sensaciones exhibidas en un escenario u otra localidad hacía las personas con una finalidad económica o de diversión. El objetivo principal, a través de la recolección de datos orales y escritos tiene como finalidad dar a conocer las diferentes situaciones que vivieron los distintos artistas escénicos guayaquileños durante el confinamiento obligatorio causado por la pandemia del covid-19. La metodología es de tipo cualitativo, planteando el enfoque etnográfico dentro del entorno artístico. El producto audiovisual es de tipo reportaje, dentro del mismo se explicarán las condiciones a las que se vieron sometidos los artistas escénicos de Guayaquil, partiendo desde el entendimiento de la problemática, utilizando la entrevista a profundidad como herramienta de obtención de datos e información, para de esta manera darle ‘voz’ a lo que causó el COVID en los artistas en ámbitos económicos, afectando de forma primordial a las artes escénicas locales.The performing arts are the representation of everything that words cannot demonstrate, they are the values, myths, thoughts, and other sensations exhibited on a stage or other location to people with an economic or entertainment purpose. The main objective, through the collection of oral and written data, is to make known the different situations experienced by the different stage artists from Guayaquil during the compulsory confinement caused by the covid-19 pandemic. The methodology is qualitative, using an ethnographic approach within the artistic environment. The audiovisual product is a reportage, explaining the conditions to which the performing artists of Guayaquil were subjected, starting from the understanding of the problem, using the in-depth interview as a tool to obtain data and information, to thus give 'voice' to what caused the COVID in artists in economic areas, primarily affecting the local performing arts

Lipin 2/3 phosphatidic acid phosphatases maintain phospholipid homeostasis to regulate chylomicron synthesis

The lipin phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP) enzymes are required for triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis from glycerol 3-phosphate in most mammalian tissues. The 3 lipin proteins (lipin 1, lipin 2, and lipin 3) each have PAP activity, but have distinct tissue distributions, with lipin 1 being the predominant PAP enzyme in many metabolic tissues. One exception is the small intestine, which is unique in expressing exclusively lipin 2 and lipin 3. TAG synthesis in small intestinal enterocytes utilizes 2-monoacylglycerol and does not require the PAP reaction, making the role of lipin proteins in enterocytes unclear. Enterocyte TAGs are stored transiently as cytosolic lipid droplets or incorporated into lipoproteins (chylomicrons) for secretion. We determined that lipin enzymes are critical for chylomicron biogenesis, through regulation of membrane phospholipid composition and association of apolipoprotein B48 with nascent chylomicron particles. Lipin 2/3 deficiency caused phosphatidic acid accumulation and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation, which were associated with enhanced protein levels of a key phospholipid biosynthetic enzyme (CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase α) and altered membrane phospholipid composition. Impaired chylomicron synthesis in lipin 2/3 deficiency could be rescued by normalizing phospholipid synthesis levels. These data implicate lipin 2/3 as a control point for enterocyte phospholipid homeostasis and chylomicron biogenesis

X chromosome dosage drives statin-induced dysglycemia and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Statin drugs lower blood cholesterol levels for cardiovascular disease prevention. Women are more likely than men to experience adverse statin effects, particularly new-onset diabetes (NOD) and muscle weakness. Here we find that impaired glucose homeostasis and muscle weakness in statin-treated female mice are associated with reduced levels of the omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), impaired redox tone, and reduced mitochondrial respiration. Statin adverse effects are prevented in females by administering fish oil as a source of DHA, by reducing dosage of the X chromosome or the Kdm5c gene, which escapes X chromosome inactivation and is normally expressed at higher levels in females than males. As seen in female mice, we find that women experience more severe reductions than men in DHA levels after statin administration, and that DHA levels are inversely correlated with glucose levels. Furthermore, induced pluripotent stem cells from women who developed NOD exhibit impaired mitochondrial function when treated with statin, whereas cells from men do not. These studies identify X chromosome dosage as a genetic risk factor for statin adverse effects and suggest DHA supplementation as a preventive co-therapy

X chromosome dosage of histone demethylase KDM5C determines sex differences in adiposity

Males and females differ in body composition and fat distribution. Using a mouse model that segregates gonadal sex (ovaries and testes) from chromosomal sex (XX and XY), we showed that XX chromosome complement in combination with a high-fat diet led to enhanced weight gain in the presence of male or female gonads. We identified the genomic dosage of Kdm5c, an X chromosome gene that escapes X chromosome inactivation, as a determinant of the X chromosome effect on adiposity. Modulating Kdm5c gene dosage in XX female mice to levels that are normally present in males resulted in reduced body weight, fat content, and food intake to a degree similar to that seen with altering the entire X chromosome dosage. In cultured preadipocytes, the levels of KDM5C histone demethylase influenced chromatin accessibility (ATAC-Seq), gene expression (RNA-Seq), and adipocyte differentiation. Both in vitro and in vivo, Kdm5c dosage influenced gene expression involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, which is critical for adipocyte differentiation and adipose tissue expansion. In humans, adipose tissue KDM5C mRNA levels and KDM5C genetic variants were associated with body mass. These studies demonstrate that the sex-dependent dosage of Kdm5c contributes to male/female differences in adipocyte biology and highlight X-escape genes as a critical component of female physiology