Consequences of not Working Sixteen Months After a Plant Closing

This paper examines the consequences of being unemployed sixteen months after the closing ofthe Canadian Admiral plant in Cambridge, Ontario in November 1981

Stress, Satisfaction and Militancy among Canadian Physicians

Il résulte de l'introduction d'un système national de soins de santé au Canada un conflit régulier et croissant entre la profession médicale, les différents niveaux de gouvernement et d'autres acteurs politiques. Le cœur de ce conflit portait d'abord sur le contrôle des affaires médicales. Les médecins ont défendu leur autonomie face à ce qu'ils percevaient comme une intrusion gouvernementale non justifiée dans les affaires médicales.La présente étude utilise un cadre que nous appellerons « agents stressants-tensions » pour mieux comprendre le militantisme des médecins au Canada. Le modèle de recherche comprend cinq types de variables antécédentes : les caractéristiques démographiques individuelles (v.g., âge et année d'obtention du diplôme), les caractéristiques de la pratique médicale (v.g., lieu de pratique, heures travaillées par semaine, spécialiste ou généraliste), les facteurs de stress au travail (v.g., formules à remplir, délai d'entrée des patients à l'hôpital), la satisfaction au travail (v.g., relations avec les patients, conditions de travail, temps disponible pour la vie personnelle et familiale) et la satisfaction professionnelle (v.g., si les médecins sont en perte de vitesse économiquement, évaluation globale du système de santé dans leur province). Nous avons considéré quatre attitudes ou activités de militantisme : l'approbation de l'arbitrage obligatoire en cas de blocage lors de la négociation des tarifs avec le gouvernement, l'approbation d'arrêt de service à l'occasion d'ententes sur les revenus inadéquates, l'approbation du retour des associations médicales au statut de syndicat et la participation à une action concertée impliquant le retrait des services.La collecte de données s'est fait par questionnaires en 1986 auprès de 2 584 médecins. Nous avons bâti un échantillon représentatif de médecins dans chacune des dix provinces. Près de 10 % des répondants étaient féminins. Suite à un rappel, le taux de réponse a atteint près de 70 %. Lorsque nous avons examiné l'information descriptive, les médecins canadiens, comme groupe professionnel, n'endossaient pas des positions militantes ni n'étaient prêts à recourir à l'action militante pour faire avancer leur cause. Les médecins désapprouvaient de reconstituer leurs associations médicales en syndicat ainsi que le retrait de leurs services. Moins de 20 % des répondants ont surfacturé et près de 20 % ont retiré leurs services au public en général. La plupart étaient inactifs à l'intérieur de leurs associations et ils approuvaient l'arbitrage obligatoire en cas de différends avec le gouvernement sur leurs revenus.Des analyses de régression multiple hiérarchique ont été effectuées pour établir le pouvoir explicatif des cinq ensembles de prédicteurs. Les ensembles ont été entrés dans l'ordre indiqué dans le modèle de recherche. Nous avons trouvé un support empirique au modèle. Chaque ensemble de prédicteurs avait une relation unique et significative avec la plupart des mesures de militantisme chez les médecins. Les médecins se disant plus stressés et moins satisfaits exprimaient des points de vue plus militants.The present study utilized a stressor-strain framework to understand physician militancy in Canada. Data were collected from 2,584 physicians in 1986 using questionnaires. Four militant attitudes or activities were considered: approval of binding arbitration in the event of deadlocks in fee negotiations with governments, approval of withdrawal of services in the event of inadequate income settlements, approval of the reconstitution of medical associations as labour unions, and whether they had participated in an organized job action involving withdrawal of services

Trainee Experiences in Industrial Retraining Programs: A Case Study

Trainee Experiences in Industrial Retraining Programs : A Case StudyThe present study reports on the experiences of a group of 58 former Canadian Admiral employees who enrolled in academic upgrading or retraining programs sponsored by the Federal government. The emphasis is placed on their student role, and expectations for the future, since all were still in retraining

Interferometry

The following recommended programs are reviewed: (1) infrared and optical interferometry (a ground-based and space programs); (2) compensation for the atmosphere with adaptive optics (a program for development and implementation of adaptive optics); and (3) gravitational waves (high frequency gravitational wave sources (LIGO), low frequency gravitational wave sources (LAGOS), a gravitational wave observatory program, laser gravitational wave observatory in space, and technology development during the 1990's). Prospects for international collaboration and related issues are also discussed

Recognition and Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Older Americans

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145334/1/jgs15372.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145334/2/jgs15372_am.pd

Podocyte specific knock out of selenoproteins does not enhance nephropathy in streptozotocin diabetic C57BL/6 mice

Abstract Background Selenoproteins contain selenocysteine (Sec), commonly considered the 21st genetically encoded amino acid. Many selenoproteins, such as the glutathione peroxidases and thioredoxin reductases, protect cells against oxidative stress by functioning as antioxidants and/or through their roles in the maintenance of intracellular redox balance. Since oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, we hypothesized that selenoproteins protect against this complication of diabetes. Methods C57BL/6 mice that have a podocyte-specific inability to incorporate Sec into proteins (denoted in this paper as PodoTrsp-/-) and control mice were made diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, or were injected with vehicle. Blood glucose, body weight, microalbuminuria, glomerular mesangial matrix expansion, and immunohistochemical markers of oxidative stress were assessed. Results After 3 and 6 months of diabetes, control and PodoTrsp-/- mice had similar levels of blood glucose. There were no differences in urinary albumin/creatinine ratios. Periodic acid-Schiff staining to examine mesangial matrix expansion also demonstrated no difference between control and PodoTrsp-/- mice after 6 months of diabetes, and there were no differences in immunohistochemical stainings for nitrotyrosine or NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1. Conclusion Loss of podocyte selenoproteins in streptozotocin diabetic C57BL/6 mice does not lead to increased oxidative stress as assessed by nitrotyrosine and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 immunostaining, nor does it lead to worsening nephropathy.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112674/1/12882_2008_Article_98.pd

Genome-wide association study to identify genetic loci associated with gastrointestinal nematode resistance in Katahdin sheep

Resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes has previously been shown to be a moderately heritable trait in some breeds of sheep, but the mechanisms of resistance are not well understood. Selection for resistance currently relies upon faecal egg counts (FEC), blood packed cell volumes and FAMACHA visual indicator scores of anaemia. Identifying genomic markers associated with disease resistance would potentially improve the selection process and provide a more reliable means of classifying and understanding the biology behind resistant and susceptible sheep. A GWAS was conducted to identify possible genetic loci associated with resistance to Haemonchus contortus in Katahdin sheep. Forty animals were selected from the top and bottom 10% of estimated breeding values for FEC from a total pool of 641 sires and ram lambs. Samples were genotyped using Applied BiosystemsTM AxiomTM Ovine Genotyping Array (50K) consisting of 51 572 SNPs. Following quality control, 46 268 SNPs were included in subsequent analyses. Analyses were conducted using a linear regression model in PLINK v1.90 and a single-locus mixed model in SNP AND VARIATION SUITE. Genome-wide significance was determined by a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. Using linear regression, loci on chromosomes 2, 3, 16, 23 and 24 were significantly associated at the genome level with FEC estimated breeding values, and we identified a region on chromosome 2 that was significant using both statistical analyses. We suggest a potential role for the gene DIS3L2 for gastrointestinal nematode resistance in Katahdin sheep, although further research is needed to validate these findings

NICMOS Observations of the Transiting Hot Jupiter XO-1b

We refine the physical parameters of the transiting hot Jupiter planet XO-1b and its stellar host XO-1 using HST NICMOS observations. XO-1b has a radius Rp=1.21+/-0.03 RJup, and XO-1 has a radius Rs=0.94+/-0.02 RSun, where the uncertainty in the mass of XO-1 dominates the uncertainty of Rp and Rs. There are no significant differences in the XO-1 system properties between these broad-band NIR observations and previous determinations based upon ground-based optical observations. We measure two transit timings from these observations with 9 s and 15 s precision. As a residual to a linear ephemeris model, there is a 2.0 sigma timing difference between the two HST visits that are separated by 3 transit events (11.8 days). These two transit timings and additional timings from the literature are sufficient to rule out the presence of an Earth mass planet orbiting in 2:1 mean motion resonance coplanar with XO-1b. We identify and correct for poorly understood gain-like variations present in NICMOS time series data. This correction reduces the effective noise in time series photometry by a factor of two, for the case of XO-1.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Ap

Near-infrared transit photometry of the exoplanet HD 149026b

The transiting exoplanet HD 149026b is an important case for theories of planet formation and planetary structure, because the planet's relatively small size has been interpreted as evidence for a highly metal-enriched composition. We present observations of 4 transits with the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer on the Hubble Space Telescope, within a wavelength range of 1.1--2.0 $\mu$m. Analysis of the light curve gives the most precise estimate yet of the stellar mean density, $\rho_\star = 0.497^{+0.042}_{-0.057}$ g cm$^{-3}$. By requiring agreement between the observed stellar properties (including $\rho_\star$) and stellar evolutionary models, we refine the estimate of the stellar radius: $R_\star = 1.541^{+0.046}_{-0.042}$ R_\sun. We also find a deeper transit than has been measured at optical and mid-infrared wavelengths. Taken together, these findings imply a planetary radius of $R_p = 0.813^{+0.027}_{-0.025}$ $R_{\rm Jup}$, which is larger than earlier estimates. Models of the planetary interior still require a metal-enriched composition, although the required degree of metal enrichment is reduced. It is also possible that the deeper NICMOS transit is caused by wavelength-dependent absorption by constituents in the planet's atmosphere, although simple model atmospheres do not predict this effect to be strong enough to account for the discrepancy. We use the 4 newly-measured transit times to compute a refined transit ephemeris.Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Ap