Saint-Denis – RSMA-R, Nouvelle route du littoral (tranche 2)

Sur la commune de Saint-Denis, le diagnostic de la Nouvelle route du littoral a traité une emprise susceptible d’être impactée par la reprise de la RN6, dans l’enceinte du Régiment du service militaire adapté de La Réunion (RSMA-R). Le site est localisé à 200 m de l’océan et culmine à 14 m d’altitude sur un petit plateau basaltique préservé en rive gauche de la Rivière Saint-Denis, au pied de La Montagne. L’opération a été réalisée en janvier et février 2012 par l’Inrap sous la responsabilité..

La Possession – Batterie côtière, Nouvelle route du littoral (tranche 2)

Sur la commune de La Possession, le diagnostic de la Nouvelle route du littoral a traité l’emprise de l’aire de repos, affectée par l’extrémité de l’ouvrage en digue. L’emprise diagnostiquée, d’une superficie de 1,6 ha, est une zone triangulaire allongée comprise entre le haut du cordon littoral, fortement impacté par la pose dans les années 2000 d’une canalisation d’eaux usées (disposée parallèlement au rivage et en fonctionnement), les infrastructures de l’aire de repos, et la route nationa..

Survivre à Tromelin. Stratégies d’adaptation de naufragés sur une île déserte au xviiie siècle

Archétype de terre inhospitalière, Tromelin l’est sans aucun doute, moins en raison de sa superficie d’un kilomètre carré, que de l’immense espace maritime qu’il faut franchir pour poser de nouveau le pied sur la terre ferme ; isolé, mais aussi difficile d’accès, car la houle y parvient sans obstacle. Poussée par l’alizé du sud-est, elle se brise avec violence sur le plateau corallien du sud, ou bien, ayant contourné l’île, sur les plages faussement accueillantes du nord. Situé dans l’océan I..

Lipid Composition of the Human Eye: Are Red Blood Cells a Good Mirror of Retinal and Optic Nerve Fatty Acids?

International audienceBACKGROUND: The assessment of blood lipids is very frequent in clinical research as it is assumed to reflect the lipid composition of peripheral tissues. Even well accepted such relationships have never been clearly established. This is particularly true in ophthalmology where the use of blood lipids has become very common following recent data linking lipid intake to ocular health and disease. In the present study, we wanted to determine in humans whether a lipidomic approach based on red blood cells could reveal associations between circulating and tissue lipid profiles. To check if the analytical sensitivity may be of importance in such analyses, we have used a double approach for lipidomics. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Red blood cells, retinas and optic nerves were collected from 9 human donors. The lipidomic analyses on tissues consisted in gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to an electrospray ionization source-mass spectrometer (LC-ESI-MS). Gas chromatography did not reveal any relevant association between circulating and ocular fatty acids except for arachidonic acid whose circulating amounts were positively associated with its levels in the retina and in the optic nerve. In contrast, several significant associations emerged from LC-ESI-MS analyses. Particularly, lipid entities in red blood cells were positively or negatively associated with representative pools of retinal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), retinal very-long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFA) or optic nerve plasmalogens. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: LC-ESI-MS is more appropriate than gas chromatography for lipidomics on red blood cells, and further extrapolation to ocular lipids. The several individual lipid species we have identified are good candidates to represent circulating biomarkers of ocular lipids. However, further investigation is needed before considering them as indexes of disease risk and before using them in clinical studies on optic nerve neuropathies or retinal diseases displaying photoreceptors degeneration

Survivre à Tromelin. Stratégies d’adaptation de naufragés sur une île déserte au XVIIIe siècle

National audienc

Étude de l'influence du travail posté et du stress au travail sur les lipides plasmatiques

SCOPUS: cp.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Influence of maternal educational level on the association between the rs3809508 neuromedin B gene polymorphism and the risk of obesity in the HELENA study

Objective:Neuromedin B (NMB) is a bombesin-like peptide, which inhibits food intake and modulates stress-related behaviour. An NMB gene polymorphism (P73T) has been earlier associated with obesity and abnormal eating behaviour in adults.Methods:The association between four NMB polymorphisms and obesity-related phenotypes was investigated in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence cross-sectional study (n1144, 12-17-year-old European adolescents). This population was genotyped for the NMB rs1107179, rs17598561, rs3809508 and rs1051168 (P73T) polymorphisms. Obesity was defined according to Cole et al. (BMJ 2000; 320:1240-1243) criteria; eating behaviour was assessed by the Eating Behaviour and Weight Problems Inventory for Children (EWI-C) and the food choices and preferences questionnaires. Familial socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed through the parents educational level.Results:Only the genotype distribution of rs3809508 differed according to obesity status, as the TT genotype was more frequent in obese than in non-obese adolescents (8.6% vs 3.1%, P=0.05; adjusted odds ratio for obesity (95% confidence interval): 2.85 (1.11-7.31), P=0.03). Moreover, TT subjects had higher body mass index (22.8±4.4 kg m-2 vs 21.33.7 kg m -2, P=0.02), waist circumference (75.8±9.7 cm vs 72.2±9.3 cm, P=0.006), waist-to-hip ratio (0.84±0.14 vs 0.79±0.07, P<0.0001) and waist-to-height ratio (0.47±0.06 vs 0.44±0.55, P=0.002) than C allele carriers. The effects of this single nucleotide polymorphism on all anthropometric values were influenced by the maternal SES, in that a low maternal educational level aggravated the phenotype of adolescents carrying the TT genotype (interactions: P<0.02). No association with EWI-C scores was found, although sweet craving was a more frequent cause of between-meal food intake in TT subjects than in C allele carriers (24.3% vs 9.2%, P=0.01).Conclusion:In European adolescents, the TT genotype of the NMB rs3809508 polymorphism was associated with a higher risk of obesity. Moreover, the effects of this polymorphism on anthropometric values were influenced by the maternal educational level. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved.Peer Reviewe