Software design to calculate and simulate the mechanical response of electromechanical lifts

Los ingenieros de levantamiento y las empresas de elevación que están involucradas en el proceso de diseño de nuevos productos o en la investigación y desarrollo de componentes mejorados exigen una herramienta predictiva de la respuesta del sistema delgado de elevación antes de probar prototipos costosos. Se presenta un método para resolver el movimiento de cualquier sistema de elevación especificado por medio de un programa de computadora. Se deriva la respuesta mecánica del ascensor que funciona en una instalación y configuración definidas por el usuario, para una excitación dada y otros parámetros de configuración de motores eléctricos reales y su sistema de control. Se usa un modelo mecánico con 6 grados de libertad. Las ecuaciones gobernantes se integran paso a paso a través del algoritmo Meden-Kutta en la plataforma MATLAB. Los datos de entrada consisten en la velocidad del punto de ajuste para un viaje estándar y los parámetros de control de varios controladores y máquinas de accionamiento de elevación. El programa informático calcula y traza con mucha precisión el desplazamiento vertical, la velocidad, la aceleración instantánea y el historial de tirones del automóvil, el contrapeso, el bastidor, los pasajeros / cargas y la unidad de elevación en un viaje estándar entre dos pisos de la instalación deseada. Se muestran el par resultante, la tensión del cable y la desviación del gráfico de velocidad con respecto a la velocidad del punto de referencia. El diseño del software se implementa en una versión demo del programa informático llamado ElevaCAD. Más adelante, el programa ofrece la posibilidad de seleccionar la configuración del sistema de elevación y los parámetros de rendimiento de cada componente. Además de la respuesta general del sistema, se grafica información detallada de transitorios, vibraciones de los componentes del ascensor, niveles de calidad de viaje, análisis modal y espectro de frecuencia (FFT).Lift engineers and lift companies which are involved in the design process of new products or in the research and development of improved components demand a predictive tool of the lift slender system response before testing expensive prototypes. A method for solving the movement of any specified lift system by means of a computer program is presented. The mechanical response of the lift operating in a user defined installation and configuration, for a given excitation and other configuration parameters of real electric motors and its control system, is derived. A mechanical model with 6 degrees of freedom is used. The governing equations are integrated step by step through the Meden-Kutta algorithm in the MATLAB platform. Input data consists on the set point speed for a standard trip and the control parameters of a number of controllers and lift drive machines. The computer program computes and plots very accurately the vertical displacement, velocity, instantaneous acceleration and jerk time histories of the car, counterweight, frame, passengers/loads and lift drive in a standard trip between any two floors of the desired installation. The resulting torque, rope tension and deviation of the velocity plot with respect to the setpoint speed are shown. The software design is implemented in a demo release of the computer program called ElevaCAD. Further on, the program offers the possibility to select the configuration of the lift system and the performance parameters of each component. In addition to the overall system response, detailed information of transients, vibrations of the lift components, ride quality levels, modal analysis and frequency spectrum (FFT) are plotted.peerReviewe

Intelligent Energy Management System for Residential and Community Applications

Part 11: Integration of Power Electronics Systems with ICT - IInternational audienceThis paper presents a Smart Storage System able to manage the energy and the smart home devices of a house for optimizing the local consumption of energy, even if there is not renewable generation. The proposed system is composed by two main systems. On the one hand, the Local Energy Management units that will be located in the houses, which are able to maintain the power consumption under a maximum reference value and to switch on/off the devices in the house by using domotic protocols. On the other hand, the Central Energy Management and Intelligent System, that receives operation data from each local unit, analyzes them using behavioral and optimization algorithms and determines the best way in which each local unit has to operate, communicating the operation references back to them

Control and operation of a three-phase local energy router for prosumers in a smart community

UID/EEA/00066/2019From the electrical energy point of view, the smart community (SC) concept is meant to be as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to the classical configuration. The SC includes small-scale renewable energy sources (RES) and small-scale energy storage system (ESS). The SC energy management system acts as an aggregator, aiming to assure benefits for community stakeholders. These trends led to the energy routers (ERs) concept. This study proposes and describes the control strategies for these ERs to contribute to the SC goals. The approach of these strategies increases the RES adjustability, contributing to maintain the ESS state of health. The ER is able to operate simultaneously with active and reactive power control, besides compensating SC grid voltage imbalances, and providing ancillary services to the SC. The proposed control strategies are validated by simulations and experiments.publishersversionpublishe

Energy management strategy to coordinate batteries and ultracapacitors of a hybrid energy storage system in a residential prosumer installation

Publicado en 2017 International Young Engineers Forum (YEF-ECE), Almada (Portugal), pp. 30-35, doi: 10.1109/YEF-ECE.2017.7935636En los últimos años, los sistemas de energía han experimentado un gran desarrollo como consecuencia de la aparición de la generación distribuida. Las fuentes de energía renovables, los usuarios activos y los vehículos eléctricos juegan un papel fundamental en los sistemas de energía, lo que supone un nuevo tema de investigación. En este escenario, la figura del prosumidor ha ganado relevancia debido a las múltiples ventajas que pueden aportar para mejorar el comportamiento de los sistemas de energía y lograr ahorros de energía y costos. En particular, se presta especial atención a los conjuntos fotovoltaicos (PV) integrados en edificios residenciales con sistemas de almacenamiento de energía (ESS), como baterías o ultracondensadores (UC) o incluso una combinación de ambos en un sistema de almacenamiento de energía híbrido (HESS). Este artículo presenta una estrategia de gestión de energía para intercambiar energía entre las baterías y las UC que forman un HESS instalado con una matriz FV en una vivienda de prosumidores para mantener su banco de UC disponible para satisfacer los requisitos de energía durante el mayor tiempo posible.In recent years, power systems have experimented a great development as a consequence of the apparition of the distributed generation. Renewable energy sources, active users and electric vehicles play a fundamental role in power systems, which has supposed a new topic research. In this scenario, the figure of prosumer has gained relevance due to the multiple advantages that they can contribute to improve the behavior of power systems and to achieve energy and cost savings. In particular, special attention is focus on photovoltaic (PV) arrays integrated in residential buildings with energy storage systems (ESSs), such as batteries or ultracapacitors (UCs) or even a combination of both in a hybrid energy storage system (HESS). This paper presents an energy management strategy to Exchange energy between the batteries and the UCs that form a HESS installed with a PV array in a prosumer dwell in order to maintain its UC bank available to support the energy requirements during the most time possible

Development of a Photovoltaic Array Emulator in a Real Time Control Environment Using xPC Target

Part 12: Integration of Power Electronics Systems with ICT - IIInternational audienceThis paper is devoted to the design and construction of a photovoltaic array emulator for high power applications in order to test all kind of photovoltaic inverters. To develop such device, a rapid prototyping tool based on xPC Target of Matlab/Simulink has been used, providing a real-time testing environment. PV array emulator can be used to evaluate the performance of photovoltaic inverters as any test conditions can be programmed. The proposed emulator operates as a distributed control system taking advantage of the TCP/IP protocol features

Comprehensive study of the benefits of integrating a sharing energy strategy between prosumers

Publicado en IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Beijing, 2017, pp. 3609-3614, doi: 10.1109/IECON.2017.8216612La actualización de los sistemas de energía en los últimos años debido a la proliferación de la generación distribuida con fuentes de energía renovables, usuarios activos y vehículos eléctricos se ha convertido en un desafío. En este nuevo escenario, los prosumidores juegan un papel importante para amortiguar la curva de consumo y, por lo tanto, contribuir a los requisitos de la red. Los conjuntos fotovoltaicos (PV) integrados en edificios residenciales atraen una atención especial, ya que pueden complementarse con sistemas de almacenamiento de energía (ESS), como baterías o ultracondensadores (UC) o incluso una combinación de ambos, con el objetivo de lograr que los clientes puedan administrar su energía. Las razones anteriores justifican la necesidad de un sistema de gestión de energía (EMS) que coordine el funcionamiento de los dispositivos de almacenamiento de energía de manera optimizada, ya que son caros. En este documento, se propone un sistema de control integral para intercambiar energía entre los dispositivos de almacenamiento híbridos (baterías y UC) de dos viviendas con instalaciones fotovoltaicas con el fin de aumentar la disponibilidad de sus ESS y soportar los requisitos de energía durante el mayor tiempo posible, optimizando tamaños y costos, y evitando la saturación.The upgrade of power systems in the last years due to the proliferation of distributed generation with renewable energy sources, active users and electric vehicles has become a challenge. In this new scenario, prosumers play an important role in order to buffer the consumption curve and, therefore, contributing to the grid requirements. Special attention is attracted by photovoltaic (PV) arrays integrated in residential buildings, because they can be complemented with energy storage systems (ESSs), such as batteries or ultracapacitors (UCs) or even a combination of both, with the aim to achieve that customers could manage their energy. The above reasons justify the need of an energy management system (EMS) that coordinates the operation of the energy storage devices in an optimized way, as they are expensive. In this paper, a comprehensive control system is proposed to exchange energy between the hybrid storage devices (batteries and UCs) of two dwells with PV installations in order to increase the availability of their ESSs and support the energy requirements during the most time possible, optimizing sizes and costs and avoiding saturation.peerReviewe

Demand and Storage Management in a Prosumer Nanogrid Based on Energy Forecasting

Energy efficiency and consumers' role in the energy system are among the strategic research topics in power systems these days. Smart grids (SG) and, specifically, microgrids, are key tools for these purposes. This paper presents a three-stage strategy for energy management in a prosumer nanogrid. Firstly, energy monitoring is performed and time-space compression is applied as a tool for forecasting energy resources and power quality (PQ) indices; secondly, demand is managed, taking advantage of smart appliances (SA) to reduce the electricity bill; finally, energy storage systems (ESS) are also managed to better match the forecasted generation of each prosumer. Results show how these strategies can be coordinated to contribute to energy management in the prosumer nanogrid. A simulation test is included, which proves how effectively the prosumers' power converters track the power setpoints obtained from the proposed strategy.Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion ; Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional

Active, Reactive and Harmonic Control for Distributed Energy Micro-Storage Systems in Smart Communities Homes

This paper aims to provide control strategies for distributed micro-storage energy systems at the residential level to contribute to smart grid goals. A simulation model of an energy storage system (ESS) charger has been implemented to test these proposed control strategies. The smart community energy management system (SCEMS), acting as an aggregator of resources in the community according to the expected demand and production, sends to each individual home the active and reactive power set-points. Besides, in case the ESS has available capacity, once the SCEMS requirements are satisfied, it is used to absorb the harmonic current components demanded by the household circuitry. It allows a local improvement in the power quality of the demanded current, and thus contributes to the global power quality consumption of the community. Simulation results showing the operation of a local ESS at a home in a Smart Community are presented to validate the proposed control strategies

Improved forecasting-based battery energy management strategy for prosumer systems

Publicado en IECON 2018 - 44th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Washington D. C., 2018, pp. 6077-6082, doi: 10.1109/IECON.2018.8592892Este trabajo presenta una estrategia de gestión de energía basada en la programación de la operación de la batería en sistemas prosumidores según los datos de pronóstico disponibles con 24 horas de anticipación. El método propuesto busca alcanzar un compromiso beneficioso entre los prosumidores y los operadores de la red de distribución, independientemente del contexto económico específico o las regulaciones técnicas. Se lleva a cabo una mejora para hacer frente a la imprecisión del pronóstico. Los resultados demuestran que ofrece buenas propiedades con respecto a la gestión de energía, con una estimación de reserva de energía almacenada, preservación de la vida útil de la batería y mejora del autoconsumo y la autosuficiencia.This work presents an energy management strategy based on scheduling battery operation in prosumer systems, according to forecast data available 24 hours in advance. The proposed method seeks to reach a beneficial compromise between prosumers and distribution grid operators, independently of specific economic context or technical regulations. An improvement to deal with forecast inaccuracy is carried out. Results demonstrate that it offers good properties regarding energy management, with a stored energy reserve estimation, battery lifetime preservation and self-consumption and selfsufficiency enhancement.peerReviewe

Improvements on the carrier-based control method for a three-level T-type, quasi-impedance-source inverter

The boost feature that characterizes Z-source and quasi-Z-source converters is usually achieved by means of a proper insertion of short-circuit states in the full DC-link. In this work, a novel pulse width modulation carrier-based strategy for a three-phase, three-level T-type, quasi-Z-source inverter is introduced, based on the addition of alternate short-circuits in the two halves of the DC-link bus. This technique achieves better performance, less electromagnetic interference, and lower harmonic distortion of the output line-to-line voltage compared to the traditional methods based on the full DC-link shoot-through. At the same time, generating the switching states is to easy implement. The proposed strategy permits the use of electronic devices with lower blocking voltage capability, thus improving converter reliability, size, and cost. The new method may be implemented in another multilevel inverter with an impedance-source network as well. A comprehensive simulation study is performed in order to validate the adopted method, with different inverter input voltages, which is taken as representative of a photovoltaic array. Comparisons are conducted with conventional strategy insertions using the same topology in order to show the improvements achieved.• Junta de Extremadura (Regional Government), Spain. Programa de Becas de Movilidad para Personal Docente e Investigador de la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura 2018, por el fondo para el grupo de investigación (GR18087) y el proyecto regional (IB18067). • Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) y Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) españoles, bajo el Proyecto TEC2016-77632-C3-1-R (AEI / FEDER, UE), y a través de FCT bajo los contratos UID / CEC / 50021/2019 , Pest-E / EEI / LA0021 / 2014 y UID / Multi / 00308/2019.peerReviewe