Managerial Organization of U.S. Farms: Importance for Classifying Farms and Evaluating the Distribution of Farm Payments

A new typology of U.S. farms is constructed focusing on the managerial organization of farms. Single operator farms are distinguished from those with multiple operators which are divided into four classes: (single generation farms with 1) operators of the same sex, 2) operators of opposite sex, and multiple generation farms with 3) an elder primary operator, and 4) an younger primary operator). The utility of this classification scheme for understanding farm structure is analyzed and findings show that the managerial organization represents an important classification for understanding the distribution of farm payments.Farm Household, Government Policy, Agricultural and Food Policy,

Identification of Regulatory Elements and Functional Variants at GWAS Loci For Human Metabolic Traits

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are major public health burdens in the United States. Metabolic risk factors for these diseases include increased triglyceride levels, decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDL-C), and increased waist-hip ratio (WHR, a measure of body fat distribution). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of loci for human metabolic traits and diseases. For many of these loci, the molecular and biological mechanisms are unknown. Many association signals are located in non-coding regions of the genome, and some of the associated variants are located within regulatory elements. Due to linkage disequilibrium, the GWAS identified variants may serve as proxies for the true functional variants. Functional follow-up studies are necessary to identify the functional variant(s) at a locus, determine the target gene(s) and mechanisms for how the variants and genes influence metabolic traits. I identified functional regulatory variants and elements at three GWAS loci for metabolic traits. At the GALNT2 locus for HDL-C, at least two regulatory variants demonstrated allelic differences in transcriptional enhancer activity and transcription factor binding. The alleles associated with increased HDL-C demonstrated increased GALNT2 expression in human hepatocytes and subcutaneous adipose tissue samples. At the ADCY5 locus for T2D and glucose-related traits, I identified a regulatory variant located within an enhancer element in human pancreatic islets that exhibited allelic differences in enhancer activity, differential transcription factor binding, and allelic differences in regulatory H3K27ac ChIP-seq reads from human islets. The T2D risk allele showed lower ADCY5 expression in human islets. At the PLXND1 locus for WHR, I identified at least 4 enhancer elements in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, one of which also showed enhancer activity in zebrafish endothelial cells. Functional studies helped to identify regulatory variants, elements and target genes underlying these three association signals, and provided evidence that some GWAS loci have multiple regulatory variants that act to influence gene expression. Identification of functional variants will enable the characterization of the molecular mechanisms and direction of effect in humans, leading to a greater understanding of the relationship between these variants and target genes with metabolic traits and disease.Doctor of Philosoph

Promising areas for improving fiscal control procedures in Ukraine

The aim of the article is to identify promising areas for improving the procedures for fiscal control in Ukraine. The subject of the study is fiscal control of the State. The methodological basis is a number of modern methods of scientific knowledge, in particular: the method of documentary analysis, method of interpretation, monographic method, system and structural method, modeling and predicting method, etc. The results of the research can be used in both theoretical and practical areas in the framework of improving the practical activities of the actors of implementation of fiscal control procedures in Ukraine. Practical meaning. Based on the analysis of scientific views of domestic and foreign scientists and the rules of current legislation, the ways to improve the procedures for fiscal control in Ukraine are identified. Value/originality. The scientific novelty of the article is that it solves the problem of implementing procedures for fiscal control in Ukraine

A instalação artística e o uso das TIC como suporte comunicacional na apresentação de pesquisas em ciências sociais

This dossier reflects on the possibility of an artistic practic as a communication support for the presentation of investigations in the field of social sciences, in this particular case the presentation of research results of projects about the History of the Cultural Industries in Argentina. Articulate study content and expressive support result a significant complement for the promotion of knowledge. Discursive production processes require artistic-cultural modalities that take into account the new creative formats that have arisen in the expansion of ICTs, in this sense the experience reveals an Artistic installation that combines different expressive languages for tell the story of tango, the publishing industry, multimedia businessmen and Memory and History in Argentina during the 20th and 21st centuries.Este dossier reflexiona sobre la posibilidad de una práctica artística como soporte comunicacional para la presentación de investigaciones en el campo de las ciencias sociales, en este caso en particular la presentación de resultados de investigación de proyectos sobre la Historia de las Industrias Culturales en la Argentina. Articular contenido de estudio y soporte expresivo resulta un complemento significativo para la promoción del conocimiento. Los procesos de producción discursiva requieren de modalidades artístico-culturales que tengan en cuenta los nuevos formatos creativos surgidos en la expansión de las TICs, en este sentido la experiencia da cuenta de una Instalación Artística que combina diferentes lenguajes expresivos para contar la historia del tango, de la industria editorial, de empresarios multimedia y memoria e Historia en la Argentina en el Siglo XX y XXI.Este dossiê reflete sobre a possibilidade de uma prática artística como suporte de comunicação para a apresentação de pesquisas no campo das ciências sociais, no caso em particular a apresentação dos resultados de pesquisas de projetos sobre a História das Indústrias Culturais na Argentina. Articular o conteúdo do estudo e o apoio expressivo é um complemento significativo para a promoção do conhecimento. Os processos sociais de produção discursiva exigem modalidades artístico-culturais que levem em conta os novos formatos criativos que surgiram na expansão das TICs, neste sentido a experiência mostra uma instalação artística que combina diferentes linguagens expressivas para contar a história do tango, da indústria editorial, de empreendedores multimídia e memória e História da Argentina nos séculos XX e XXI

MODERN METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE INVESTIGATION OF ENSURING AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHT TO ACCESS TO PUBLIC INFORMATION

The purpose of the paper is to study the preconditions of the necessity to use new scientific tools during the study of issues related to the ensuring and protection of human right to access to public information; to characterize the main scientific approaches to modern researches in the sphere of safeguarding human right to access to public information; to identify promising directions for further research on this topic. Methodology. The paper presents the examples of a negative use of scientific methodology in conducting research in the area of administrative law and procedure and also draws attention to the need to reconsider an obsolete scientific methodology that does not correspond to the current realities and negatively affects the development of legal science. It indicates and characterizes the main preconditions of the necessity to use new scientific tools while investigating the issues related to ensuring and protection of human right to access to public information. In the context of the research of peculiarities of administrative and legal coverage and protection of human right to access to public information, it is proposed to use the systems approach, which is extremely effective in analysing complicated legal phenomena and processes and permits to study the peculiarities of substantive, procedure and procedural legal regulation as a cohesive whole. Practical implications. The system approach is an extremely promising technique for studying legal reality. Its use allows synthesizing all the knowledge about legal phenomena (legal rules, legal relations, legal consciousness, etc.), which is accumulated during the past stages of formation and development of domestic legal science, for a deeper insight into the development and functioning of law in general and administrative law in particular. Value/originality. Problems that exist in legal science in general and in the science of administrative law, in particular, can be solved only with the help of new scientific tools, specifically, by applying the system approach. The use of the systems approach in case of studying the issues of ensuring and protection of the human right to access to public information would allow combining all studies that were performed on this issue in substantive, procedure or procedural parts of the administrative law

Bioaccessibility assay, antioxidant activity and consumer-oriented sensory analysis of Beta vulgaris by-product encapsulated in Ca(II)-alginate beads for different foods

Bioaccessibility analysis and antioxidant activity along in vitro digestion and a consumer-oriented sensory analysis were conducted in three potential functional foods based on Ca(II)-alginate beads containing bioactive compounds extracted from beet stems. Ca(II)-alginate beads per se, and two selected products (cookies and turkish delights supplemented with the beads) were prepared. Regarding the beads, among the attributes rated by consumers, visual appreciation predominates, being color in the just-as-right (JAR) category and in the like preference. Instead, both flavor and sweet taste were attributes highly penalized and should be improved in beads to be accepted as food per se. A higher percentage of customers preferred cookies and turkish delights instead of only beads, considering global satisfaction. Regarding in vitro digestion, there was a significant content of phenolic compounds in the products with beads, showing a bioaccessibility greater than 80% (for cookies) and 26% (for turkish delights). Also, the antioxidant capacity measured by ABTS ranged between 50 and 109% for cookies and turkish delights, being lower when measured by FRAP (between 20 and 30%, respectively). Thus, including the beads with beet stem extract in both products leads to a significant increase in the content of phenolic compounds and in the antioxidant capacity compared to their counterparts, protecting the compound during oral and gastric phases. These results allow the generation of improved Ca(II)-alginate systems with promising functional properties for the development of ingredients and functional foods.Fil: Aguirre Calvo, Tatiana Rocio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Industrias; ArgentinaFil: Sosa, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Los Alimentos de Entre Rios. - Universidad Nacional de Entre Rios. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Los Alimentos de Entre Rios.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Bromatología; ArgentinaFil: López, Tamara Anahí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Los Alimentos de Entre Rios. - Universidad Nacional de Entre Rios. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Los Alimentos de Entre Rios.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Bromatología; ArgentinaFil: Quintanilla Carvajal, María Ximena. Universidad de la Sabana; ColombiaFil: Perullini, Ana Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Santagapita, Patricio Roman. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono; Argentin

Sociological Model of Social Partnership in Higher Education Institutions Management

Social partnership as a scientific category is characterized by multidimensionality, breadth of understanding, and interpretation. In the modern education system, social partnership is presented as one of the aspects of statesocietal governance of educational institutions' activities. The development of socially oriented education has brought the issue of social partnership to the forefront, identifying new components of this process. In the context of society's well-being, social interaction becomes an effective mechanism for addressing social problems, especially those that arise in the educational sphere. This article aims to elucidate the main contemporary trends of social cooperation in higher education institutions (HEIs) and identify the specifics of various sociological models of social partnership in higher education. Methodology. During the research, the authors used abstraction, idealization, logical and linguistic, comparative, analytical, and bibliographic methods to study the scientific literature on social partnerships in higher education. Results. The research results have identified the vital theoretical aspects related to social partnership in HEIs and have explored the characteristics of different models of social interaction in higher education institutions

Localization patterns of cathepsins K and X and their predictive value in glioblastoma

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive central nervous system neoplasm characterized by extensive infiltration of malignant cells into brain parenchyma, thus preventing complete tumor eradication. Cysteine cathepsins B, S, L and K are involved in cancer progression and are overexpressed in glioblastoma. We report here for the first time that cathepsin X mRNA and protein are also abundantly present in malignant glioma. Gene expression of cathepsins K and X was analyzed using publically-available tran-scriptomic datasets and correlated with glioma grade and glioblastoma subtype. Kaplan-Maier survival analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of cathepsin K and X mRNA expression. Cathepsin protein expression was localized and semi-quantified in tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry. Highest gene expression of cathepsins K and X was found in glioblastoma, in particular in the mesenchymal subtype. Overall, high mRNA expression of cathepsin X, but not that of cathepsin K, correlated with poor patients' survival. Cathepsin K and X proteins were abundantly and heterogeneously expressed in glioblastoma tissue. Immuno-labeling of cathepsins K and X was observed in areas of CD133-positive glioblastoma stem cells, localized around arterioles in their niches that also expressed SDF-1α and CD68. mRNA levels of both cathepsins K and X correlated with mRNA levels of markers of glioblastoma stem cells and their niches. The presence of both cathepsins in glioblastoma stem cell niche regions indicates their possible role in regulation of glioblastoma stem cell homing in their niches. The clinical relevance of this data needs to be elaborated in further prospective studies