Condições agrometeorológicas e fenológicas do cafeeiro arábica em Guaxupé, MG, no ano agrícola 2007-2008.

Neste trabalho são apresentados o balanço hídrico seqüencial decendial e uma análise dos principais eventos agrometeorológicos e fenológicos do cafeeiro arábica ocorridos no ano agrícola 2007-2008 no município de Guaxupé, localizado na região cafeeira do Sul de Minas Gerais. Pode-se verificar que o ano agrícola 2007-2008 foi caracterizado por uma temperatura média anual de 21,4°C, um índice pluviométrico de 1.435 mm, uma deficiência hídrica de 146 mm, um excedente hídrico de 583 mm e uma taxa de armazenamento médio de água no solo de 75 mm. De maneira geral, este ano agrícola foi menos chuvoso e mais quente que a média histórica (1960-2003). Os eventos fenológicos mais marcantes neste ano agrícola foram: a ocorrência de chuvas atípicas em julho que ocasionou floradas fora de época (final de julho e início de agosto) e as altas temperaturas e déficit hídrico em setembro que favoreceram a má formação das flores com o aparecimento de muitas estrelinhas

Asymptotic entanglement in a two-dimensional quantum walk

The evolution operator of a discrete-time quantum walk involves a conditional shift in position space which entangles the coin and position degrees of freedom of the walker. After several steps, the coin-position entanglement (CPE) converges to a well defined value which depends on the initial state. In this work we provide an analytical method which allows for the exact calculation of the asymptotic reduced density operator and the corresponding CPE for a discrete-time quantum walk on a two-dimensional lattice. We use the von Neumann entropy of the reduced density operator as an entanglement measure. The method is applied to the case of a Hadamard walk for which the dependence of the resulting CPE on initial conditions is obtained. Initial states leading to maximum or minimum CPE are identified and the relation between the coin or position entanglement present in the initial state of the walker and the final level of CPE is discussed. The CPE obtained from separable initial states satisfies an additivity property in terms of CPE of the corresponding one-dimensional cases. Non-local initial conditions are also considered and we find that the extreme case of an initial uniform position distribution leads to the largest CPE variation.Comment: Major revision. Improved structure. Theoretical results are now separated from specific examples. Most figures have been replaced by new versions. The paper is now significantly reduced in size: 11 pages, 7 figure

Solos e avaliação da aptidão agrícola das terras do município de Castanhal, Estado do Pará.

bitstream/item/57195/1/Doc119.pdfAnexo 2 mapas: MAPA de aptidão agrícola das terras do Município de Castanhal ? Pará e MAPA de solos do Município de Castanhal

A three-phase bidirectional variable speed drive: an experimental validation for a three-phase induction motor

This paper presents the implementation and subsequent experimental verification of an electronic variable speed drive (VSD) for driving an induction motor, which is composed by a three-phase ac-dc converter on the grid-side and by a three-phase dc-ac converter on the motor-side. With the proposed solution, besides driving the motor, it is possible to mitigate power quality problems on the grid-side (e.g., current harmonics and power factor) associated with the use of diode-bridge ac-dc converters in the conventional VSDs. Besides, with the proposed solution, a bidirectional operation is possible, allowing to deliver to the power grid the energy generated in motor braking processes. As demonstrated along the paper, with the proposed VSD, it is possible to control the motor speed (including the rotation direction), and the operation with sinusoidal currents and unitary power factor on the grid-side. A laboratory prototype was developed, permitting to perform an experimental validation and prove the main functionalities of the VSD.This work has been supported by FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2019. This work has been supported by the FCT Project DAIPESEV PTDC/EEI-EEE/30382/2017, and by the FCT Project QUALITY4POWER PTDC/EEI-EEE/28813/2017

Solos e avaliação da aptidão agrícola das terras do município de Inhangapi, Estado do Pará.

bitstream/item/63718/1/Oriental-Doc125.PDFAnexo 2 mapas: Mapa de aptidão agrícola das terras do Município de Inhangapi - Pará; Mapa de solos do Município de Inhangapi - Pará

Deciphering the enigma of undetected species, phylogenetic, and functional diversity based on Good-Turing theory

Estimating the species, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of a community is challenging because rare species are often undetected, even with intensive sampling. The Good-Turing frequency formula, originally developed for cryptography, estimates in an ecological context the true frequencies of rare species in a single assemblage based on an incomplete sample of individuals. Until now, this formula has never been used to estimate undetected species, phylogenetic, and functional diversity. Here, we first generalize the Good-Turing formula to incomplete sampling of two assemblages. The original formula and its two-assemblage generalization provide a novel and unified approach to notation, terminology, and estimation of undetected biological diversity. For species richness, the Good-Turing framework offers an intuitive way to derive the non-parametric estimators of the undetected species richness in a single assemblage, and of the undetected species shared between two assemblages. For phylogenetic diversity, the unified approach leads to an estimator of the undetected Faith\u27s phylogenetic diversity (PD, the total length of undetected branches of a phylogenetic tree connecting all species), as well as a new estimator of undetected PD shared between two phylogenetic trees. For functional diversity based on species traits, the unified approach yields a new estimator of undetected Walker et al.\u27s functional attribute diversity (FAD, the total species-pairwise functional distance) in a single assemblage, as well as a new estimator of undetected FAD shared between two assemblages. Although some of the resulting estimators have been previously published (but derived with traditional mathematical inequalities), all taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity estimators are now derived under the same framework. All the derived estimators are theoretically lower bounds of the corresponding undetected diversities; our approach reveals the sufficient conditions under which the estimators are nearly unbiased, thus offering new insights. Simulation results are reported to numerically verify the performance of the derived estimators. We illustrate all estimators and assess their sampling uncertainty with an empirical dataset for Brazilian rain forest trees. These estimators should be widely applicable to many current problems in ecology, such as the effects of climate change on spatial and temporal beta diversity and the contribution of trait diversity to ecosystem multi-functionality

Development and validation of an UV-spectrophotometric method for the dissolution studies of sitagliptin tablets

A simple UV-spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the analysis and dissolution studies of sitagliptin phosphate in tablets. Specificity test indicated an adequate UV detection at 267 nm. The method was validated regarding Specificity/accuracy/precision (RSD < 2 %), linearity (r2 = 0.9999), and partial robustness. Tablets uniformity was 102.52 % (RSD = 2.54 %). The method was applied for the determination of the drug in commercial tablet preparations and proved to be reliable for quantification It was also used for the comparison of dissolution profiles of sitagliptin tablets. After dissolution tests comparing eight different conditions through dissolution efficiency (DE), the chosen condition for posterior tests was USP apparatus 1 (basket) in 0.01M HCl pH 3.0, at a stirring rate of 50 rpm. The methodology was applied to two batches of sitagliptin phosphate tablets, giving similar dissolution profiles compared by the difference and similarity factor, obtaining values within the specified limits.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Treatment of skin lesions in newborn children: meeting the needs of nursing staff

Objective To understand, together with nursing staff, the care needed to treat skin lesions in newborn children hospitalized in a neonatal unit. Method Qualitative research, of the convergent care type. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews, which were conducted from November to December 2012, in the neonatal unit of a hospital in southern Brazil. The participants were four auxiliary nurses, six nursing technicians and four nurses. Results The following three categories were designated: questions about what can be used in relation to newborn children; hospitalization can cause lesions on the skin of newborn children; and knowledge about care promotes professional autonomy. Conclusion There is an urgent need for staff to know more about the treatment of skin lesions, which would provide safer care for newborn children and would also support the autonomy of professional nurses in providing that care