Wie stabil sind Bindungsangst und Bindungsvermeidung? Der Einfluss von Persönlichkeit und Beziehungsveränderungen auf die partnerbezogenen Bindungsdimensionen

'Es wurde in einer Studie mit einer Stichprobe von 57 Studierenden, die zu drei Messzeitpunkten innerhalb von acht Monaten befragt worden waren, untersucht, ob Persönlichkeitsmerkmale (Verträglichkeit und Neurotizismus) besser die allgemeine Bindung als die partnerbezogene Bindung vorhersagen. Diese Annahme konnten wir für die Vorhersage von Bindungsangst durch Neurotizismus bestätigen. Weiterhin ließ sich in einer cross-lagged-panel-Analyse zeigen, dass die partnerbezogene Bindungsangst nach acht Monaten besser durch Neurotizismus vorhergesagt wurde als umgekehrt. Dagegen ließ sich für den Zusammenhang von Verträglichkeit und partnerbezogener Bindungsvermeidung keine einseitige Einflussrichtung feststellen. Die Veränderbarkeit der partnerbezogenen Bindungsangst konnte durch positive und negative Beziehungsveränderungen vorhergesagt werden. Nach negativen Beziehungsveränderungen nahm die Bindungsangst zu, während sie nach positiven Beziehungsveränderungen abnahm. Entgegen unserer Annahmen fanden wir keine geringere Stabilität von partnerbezogener Bindungsangst im Vergleich zu partnerbezogener Bindungsvermeidung. Zudem waren die beiden partnerbezogenen Bindungsdimensionen zeitlich genauso stabil wie Verträglichkeit und Neurotizismus.' (Autorenreferat)'In a sample of 57 students who were interviewed at three waves within eight months the assumption was investigated that personality dimensions (specifically agreeableness and neuroticism) predict general attachment better than partner-related attachment. In accordance with this assumption neuroticism predicted general attachment anxiety better than partner-related anxiety. Results of a cross-lagged panel analysis showed that partner-related anxiety was predicted better by neuroticism than vice versa. With respect to the association between agreeableness and partner-related avoidance, no dominant influence of one variable over the other was detected. After positive and negative changes in the course of their relationship congruent changes in partner-related attachment anxiety were detected. Specifically, negative changes in the course of relationship caused an increase in attachment anxiety, whereas positive changes in the course of relationship caused a decrease in attachment anxiety. Contrary to our expectations, the stability of partner-related attachment anxiety did not differ from the stability of partner-related attachment avoidance. In addition, both dimensions of partner-related attachment reached the same level of temporal stability as agreeableness and neuroticism.' (author's abstract

Relationships Between Addictive Facebook Use, Depressiveness, Insomnia, and Positive Mental Health in an Inpatient Sample: A German Longitudinal Study

Background and aims: Individuals with high level of negative mental health often tend to use the social platform Facebook to escape from daily stress. They are at risk to develop an emotional bond to Facebook linked to a need to stay permanently online. The current work investigated addictive use of Facebook and its conceptual framework in clinical context. Methods: In a longitudinal study design, duration of daily use of Facebook, addictive Facebook use, depressiveness, insomnia, and positive mental health (PMH) were assessed in a sample of 349 inpatients [Mage (SDage) = 50.13 (9.41)] of a psychosomatic rehabilitation clinic in Germany over a period of on average 6 weeks. Results: Regression analyses revealed that duration of daily Facebook use at the first measurement time point (T1) served as significant positive predictor of addictive Facebook use at the second measurement time point (T2). Addictive Facebook use (T1) significantly positively predicted depressiveness and insomnia (T2). Its prediction of PMH (T2) was significantly negative. Mediation analyses showed that PMH (T1) partially mediated the association between addictive Facebook use (T1) and depressiveness (T2), and fully mediated the relationship between addictive Facebook use (T1) and insomnia (T2). Discussion and conclusions: Current longitudinal results indicate that addictive Facebook use might negatively impact the recovery process of inpatients. Thus, it might be relevant to assess and consider addictive Facebook use in the clinical context. Therapeutic interventions are suggested to focus on the enhancement of inpatients’ PMH level, which may buffer the negative effect of problematic Facebook use

Aufteilung der Hausarbeit, verletzte Erwartungen und Beziehungsqualität

'In dieser Studie wird der Ansatz der Equity-Forschung auf heterosexuelle Partnerschaften angewandt. Im einzelnen befasst sich die Untersuchung mit der Frage, inwieweit sich Unfairness und verletzte Erwartungen bei der Verteilung der Hausarbeit auf die Beziehungszufriedenheit und den erlebten Ärger in der Beziehung auswirken. Es wurden 92 Personen, die mit ihrem Partner zusammenlebten, nach ihren Erwartungen und ihrem tatsächlichen Verhalten bezüglich der Ausführung von 21 Tätigkeiten im Haushalt befragt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Männer erwarten, diese Tätigkeiten seltener zu verrichten als ihre Partnerin, während Frauen erwarten, diese Tätigkeiten häufiger zu verrichten als ihr Partner. Zudem zeigt sich, dass Frauen viel häufiger Hausarbeiten ausführen als ihr Partner, während Männer viel seltener Hausarbeiten ausführen als ihre Partnerin, und dass Frauen diese Tätigkeiten noch häufiger ausführen als sie es erwarten und Männer diese Tätigkeiten noch seltener ausführen als sie es erwarten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen weiterhin, dass bei Ungleichverteilung im Haushalt weniger Zufriedenheit und mehr Ärger in der Beziehung erlebt wird als bei fairer Aufteilung der Hausarbeit. Erwartungsverletzungen hingegen stehen nicht im Zusammenhang mit der Zufriedenheit und dem erlebten Ärger in der Partnerschaft.' (Autorenreferat)'In this study, the equity approach is applied to heterosexual partnerships. Specifically, this study focuses on the effects of perceived unfairness of the division of household labour and violated expectations concerning the division of household tasks on satisfaction and anger in heterosexual partnerships. 92 persons who currently lived with a partner answered a questionnaire about their expectations and actual performance of 21 household tasks. Results indicated that women expected to perform and actually performed the 21 tasks more often than their partners. Men expected to perform and actually performed the tasks less often than their partners. Moreover, women performed the tasks more frequently than they expected, whereas men performed the tasks less frequently than they expected. Finally, the results indicated that unequal contributions to household tasks and relationship quality are correlated: Respondents experienced more satisfaction and less anger when they perceived the contributions as more equal (compared with their partners). In contrast, depending on violated expectations with regard to household tasks, no significant differences in satisfaction and anger were found between respondents.' (author's abstract

Correction: Performance of risk prediction scores for cardiovascular mortality in older persons: External validation of the SCORE OP and appraisal

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231097.

Relationships between narcissistic grandiosity, narcissistic vulnerability, regulatory focus, regulatory mode, and life-satisfaction: Data from two surveys

The present data is reported in the article “Regulatory Focus and Regulatory Mode – Keys to Narcissists’ (Lack of) Life Satisfaction?” (Hanke et al., in press) [1]. The two data sets represent answers from two German samples. Data were collected via self-report questionnaires using EFS survey from QuestBack Unipark. The surveys included self-questionnaires of narcissistic grandiosity, narcissistic vulnerability, regulatory focus, regulatory mode, self-esteem, life-satisfaction, and demographic information

Sind Bindungsangst und Bindungsvermeidung stabil? Der Einfluss von Persönlichkeit und Beziehungsveränderungen auf die Bindung an einen Partner

Rohmann E, Küpper B, Schmohr M. Sind Bindungsangst und Bindungsvermeidung stabil? Der Einfluss von Persönlichkeit und Beziehungsveränderungen auf die Bindung an einen Partner. Zeitschrift für Familienforschung. 2006;18(1):4-26

How Downward and Upward Comparisons on Facebook Influence Grandiose and Vulnerable Narcissists’ Self-Esteem—A Priming Study

Past research showed that social networking sites represent perfect platforms to satisfy narcissistic needs. The present study aimed to investigate how grandiose (GN) and vulnerable narcissism (VN) as well as social comparisons are associated with Facebook activity, which was measured with a self-report on three activity dimensions: Acting, Impressing, and Watching. In addition, the state self-esteem (SSE) was measured with respect to performance, social behavior, and appearance. One hundred and ten participants completed an online survey containing measures of SSE and Facebook activity and a priming procedure with three experimental conditions embedded in a social media context (upward comparison, downward comparison, and control group). Results indicated, as expected, that high VN was negatively associated with SSE on each subscale and the overall score. In addition, it was found that VN, but not GN, displayed positive associations with frequency of Facebook activities. Finally, it was proposed and confirmed that VN in interaction with the priming of downward comparisons negatively affected SSE. The conclusion drawn is that VN represents a key variable for the prediction of self-esteem as well as for the frequency of Facebook activity

Science vs. Conspiracy Theory about COVID-19: Need for Cognition and Openness to Experience Increased Belief in Conspiracy-Theoretical Postings on Social Media

In the context of COVID-19 virus containment, there is a lack of acceptance of preventive measures in the population. The present work investigated which factors influence the belief in scientific propositions compared with belief in conspiracy theories. The focus here was on the determinants of conspiracy beliefs in the context of COVID-19 related media content. Using an online questionnaire (N = 175), results indicate that scientific compared to conspiracy-theoretical media content led to higher acceptance. Furthermore, need for cognition (NFC-K), a conspiracy-theoretical worldview (CMQ), and openness to experience (NEO-FFI) were positively associated with conspiracy beliefs derived from Facebook postings. In addition, a conspiracy-theoretical worldview was negatively associated with belief in scientific media content. Furthermore, agreeableness was unrelated to conspiracy beliefs, although it was positively associated with conspiracy-theoretical worldview. The results imply promising persuasion strategies for reducing conspiracy-theoretical beliefs and to increase the acceptance of preventive measures

The anxious addictive narcissist: The relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, anxiety symptoms and Facebook Addiction.

Vulnerable narcissism and grandiose narcissism share the core of the narcissistic self but are considered as separate forms of this personality trait. While previous research mainly focused on the mechanisms that connect grandiose narcissism and addictive use of the social platform Facebook, it remained unclear why individuals with enhanced levels of vulnerable narcissism are at risk to develop Facebook Addiction (FA). The present study investigated the links between vulnerable and grandiose narcissism, anxiety symptoms, and FA. In a sample of 327 Facebook users (age: M(SD) = 23.67(3.96), range: 18-56), both forms of narcissism were positively related to anxiety symptoms and FA. Moreover, the association between both forms of narcissism and FA was partly mediated by anxiety symptoms. Results enter new territory by revealing hidden similarities between vulnerable and grandiose narcissists, emphasizing that similar mechanisms might explain their enhanced risk to develop addictive tendencies of Facebook use. These findings should be considered when assessing individuals at risk for FA and when developing (therapeutic) intervention programs to deal with problematic use of social platforms

How photo editing in social media shapes self-perceived attractiveness and self-esteem via self-objectification and physical appearance comparisons

Abstract Background As photo editing behavior to enhance one?s appearance in photos becomes more and more prevalent on social network sites (SNSs), potential risks are increasingly discussed as well. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between photo editing behavior, self-objectification, physical appearance comparisons, self-perceived attractiveness, and self-esteem. Methods 403 participants completed self-report questionnaires measuring the aformentioned constructs. A parallel-sequential multiple mediation model was conducted to examine the relationship between photo editing behavior and self-esteem considering multiple mediators. Results The results indicate that photo editing behavior is negatively related to self-perceived attractiveness and self-esteem mediated via self-objectification and physical appearance comparisons. Conclusions The postulated mediation model was justified by our data. Thus, SNS users should be aware of potential negative consequences when using photo editing applications or filters