Fisherman's Wife Perception to Manage TIME for Providing Incomes Activity at Melai Village West Rangsang District Kepulauan Meranti Riau Province

This research was conducted in July 2014 on Melai village West Rangsang District Kepulauan Meranti Riau Province. The location was deliberately determined ( purposive ). The method used in this study is survey method, the type of data, obtained directly from the first responden, the secondary data of additional data such as geographic location, demographic total population, total population besed on gender. The purpose of this research was to determine the fisherman's wife perception to manage time for providing incomes activity.The fisherman's wife characteristic in Melai Village consist of 7 persons (43.75% ) at 32 – 37 years old, thas have graduated primary school. Fisherman's wife in Melai Village dominated as a farmer about 10 persons (62.50 %) . Fisherman's wife perception to manage tie for providng income activity that lacated in agree rate was 6 person with the score about 1306- 1680. While spending time for activities that not able to generate revenue at agree category and spending daily time at disagree category

Factors influencing verbal intelligence and spoken language in children with phenylketonuria

Objectives: To determine verbal intelligence and spoken language of children with phenylketonuria and to study the effect of age at diagnosis and phenylalanine plasma level on these abilities. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Children with phenylketonuria were recruited from pediatric hospitals in 2012. Normal control subjects were recruited from kindergartens in Tehran. Participants: 30 phenylketonuria and 42 control subjects aged 4- 6.5 years. Skills were compared between 3 phenylketonuria groups categorized by age at diagnosis/treatment, and between the phenylketonuria and control groups. Main outcome measures: Scores on Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence for verbal and total intelligence, and Test of Language Development-Primary, third edition for spoken language, listening, speaking, semantics, syntax, and organization. Results: The performance of control subjects was significantly better than that of early-treated subjects for all composite quotients from Test of Language Development and verbal intelligence (P >0.001). Early-treated subjects scored significantly higher than the two groups of late-treated subjects for spoken language (P =0.01), speaking (P =0.04), syntax (P =0.02), and verbal intelligence (P =0.019). There was a negative correlation between phenylalanine level and verbal intelligence (r= �0.79) in early-treated subjects and between phenylalanine level and spoken language (r= �0.71), organization (r= �0.82) and semantics (r= �0.82) for late-treated subjects diagnosed before the age one year. Conclusion: The study confirmed that diagnosis of newborns and control of blood phenylalanine concentration improves verbal intelligence and spoken language scores in phenylketonuria subjects. © 2015, Indian Academy of Pediatrics

Relationship between sperm parameters and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome

Objectives: With the adventure of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique, great progresses have developed in the treatment of infertility. Concentration on the properties of male's gamete has been encouraged by the increasing concerns about the causes of ICSI failure. We hence conducted this study to investigate the probable association of sperm parameters with ISCI outcome. Methods: A total of 523 couples referred to Isfahan Fertility and Sterility Center from January 2007 to June 2008 for ICSI. Semen analysis was performed before ICSI procedure according to the WHO criteria. Patients were assigned into successful ICSI (case) and failed ICSI (control) groups. Sperm parameters were then compared between the 2 groups. Results: One hundred and six patients (20) had successful ICSI results (case group) compared with 417 couples (80) with undesirable ICSI outcomes (control group). Among evaluated factors, sperm agglutination (p = 0.007), sperm concentration (p = 0.043), leukocytospermia (p = 0.026) and head abnormality of sperm (p = 0.019) showed statistically significant differences between two groups with differing ICSI results. None of the other semen parameters revealed significant differences between these two groups. Conclusion: Our study showed that some sperm parameters are associated with desirable ICSI outcome. However, it is unclear whether these associations are causal. © 2015 The Authors

SRPTackle: A semi-automated requirements prioritisation technique for scalable requirements of software system projects

ContextRequirement prioritisation (RP) is often used to select the most important system requirements as perceived by system stakeholders. RP plays a vital role in ensuring the development of a quality system with defined constraints. However, a closer look at existing RP techniques reveals that these techniques suffer from some key challenges, such as scalability, lack of quantification, insufficient prioritisation of participating stakeholders, overreliance on the participation of professional expertise, lack of automation and excessive time consumption. These key challenges serve as the motivation for the present research.ObjectiveThis study aims to propose a new semiautomated scalable prioritisation technique called ‘SRPTackle’ to address the key challenges.MethodSRPTackle provides a semiautomated process based on a combination of a constructed requirement priority value formulation function using a multi-criteria decision-making method (i.e. weighted sum model), clustering algorithms (K-means and K-means++) and a binary search tree to minimise the need for expert involvement and increase efficiency. The effectiveness of SRPTackle is assessed by conducting seven experiments using a benchmark dataset from a large actual software project.ResultsExperiment results reveal that SRPTackle can obtain 93.0% and 94.65% as minimum and maximum accuracy percentages, respectively. These values are better than those of alternative techniques. The findings also demonstrate the capability of SRPTackle to prioritise large-scale requirements with reduced time consumption and its effectiveness in addressing the key challenges in comparison with other techniques.ConclusionWith the time effectiveness, ability to scale well with numerous requirements, automation and clear implementation guidelines of SRPTackle, project managers can perform RP for large-scale requirements in a proper manner, without necessitating an extensive amount of effort (e.g. tedious manual processes, need for the involvement of experts and time workload)

Mosquitocidal activities of malaysian plants

ZARIDAH, M. Z., NOR AZAH, M. A. & ROHANI, A. 2006. Mosquitocidal activities of Malaysian plants. Extracts from about 30 species of plants in Malaysia were tested for their ability to kill the larvae or to repel or knock down the adults of Aedes aegypti, the vector mosquito for dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Observation of mortality was made after 24 hours of exposure to the plant extract/essential oil to obtain the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of the plant extract/essential oil tested. In repellency and knockdown effects of adult mosquitoes, median effective concentration (EC 50 ) was obtained after each test. The three best extracts for killing larvae were the essential oils of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium stem, Aquilaria malaccensis wood and Pelargonium citrosum plant. For repelling adult mosquitoes, the most effective was the leaf essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus, followed by that of A. malaccensis. Knock-down ability was best with mosquito coils made from the seed kernel of Azadirachta indica, followed by the leaf of C. nardus and the wood of Fernandoa adenophylla. Keywords: Larvicidal, adulticidal, knock-down effect, repellency effect ZARIDAH, M. Z., NOR AZAH, M. A. & ROHANI, A. 2006. Aktiviti antinyamuk tumbuh-tumbuhan Malaysia. Ekstrak daripada 30 spesies tumbuhan Malaysia diuji keupayaannya membunuh larva atau menghalau atau memengsankan nyamuk dewasa Aedes aegypti iaitu vektor demam denggi dan demam denggi berdarah. Pemerhatian untuk kematian dilakukan 24 jam selepas pendedahan nyamuk kepada ekstrak tumbuhan atau minyak pati bagi memperoleh kepekatan maut median (LC 50 ) ekstrak tumbuhan atau minyak pati yang diuji. Dalam kesan menghalau dan kesan memengsankan nyamuk, kepekatan berkesan median (EC 50 ) diperoleh. Tiga ekstrak terbaik bagi membunuh larva ialah minyak pati daripada batang Zanthoxylum acanthopodium, kayu Aquilaria malaccensis dan tumbuhan Pelargonium citrosum. Minyak pati daripada daun Cymbopogon nardus paling berkesan untuk menghalau nyamuk, diikuti oleh A. malaccensis. Keupayaan memengsankan nyamuk paling baik dengan lingkaran nyamuk yang diperbuat daripada isirong biji Azadirachta indica, diikuti oleh daun C. nardus dan kayu Fernandoa adenophylla

Effect of Echinacea purpurea extract on the immune system of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and its resistance to Streptococcusis

In this study, some non-specific immune responses and hematological parameters in rainbow trout juveniles (16g mean weight) and their resistance to Streptococcusis were investigated following dietary administration of 3 concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5g/kg of feed) of Echinacea purpurea extract. The non-specific immune response and hematological parameter compared with control group for 60 days. Evaluated parameters included were of C3, C4, (complement components), superoxide ions (respiratory burst), lysozyme activity, number of WBC, percentage of blood lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils. At the end of trial, the relative survival rate (RSR) of fish was evaluated against S. iniae. The results showed that the levels of C3, lysozyme activity, superoxide ions, number of WBC and percentage of neutrophils in the experiment groups (the highest concentration, 1.5g/kg of feed) were increased significantly compared to the control group. Whereas, no significant difference was found in the value of C4 and the percentage of monocytes and lymphocytes in comparison to the control group. The relative survival rates of fish following challenge with Streptococcus iniae, were 91.11 and 44.44 percent in experiment (Echinacea purpurea, concentration of 1.5g/kg of feed) and control group, respectively. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that Echinacea purpurea extract enhanced the non-specific immune system and fish resistance against streptococcusis, suggesting that this extract might be used as immunostimulant in fish feed

KERUKUNAN HIDUP MASYARAKAT DALAM BINGKAI MULTIKULTURAL DI KAMPUNG MADRAS KOTA MEDAN

The research is based on phenomena related to the multiculutral life of the people of Medan City, one of which is the Madras Village. The research aims to find multicultural patterns and values ​​of tolerance in the community of Kampung Madras, Medan City. The research subjects were the Tamil community in the Madras Village, Medan City. Data were collected based on primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are through direct observation, interviews with one of the oldest in Madras Village, and documentation in the form of photographs. Secondary sources through literacy of several relevant articles and journals. Descriptive data analysis by combining observation results with literature. The results of the study concluded that the people of Kampung Madras or known as Kampung Keling still maintain a high sense of tolerance and coexist harmoniously, besides that Kampung Madras has the potential to be a landmark as tourism in Medan City.Penelitian didasarkan kepada fenomena terkait kehidupan masyarakat Kota Medan yang multikulutral, salah satunya adalah Kampung Madras. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menemukan corak multikultural dan nilai toleransi di tengah masyarakat Kampung Madras, Kota Medan. Subjek penelitian adalah masyarakat Tamil yang ada di Kampung Madras, Kota Medan. Data dikumpulkan berdasarkan sumber primer dan sekunder. Sumber primer melalui observasi langsung, wawancara salah satu tertua di Kampung Madras, serta dokumentasi dalam bentuk foto. Sumber sekunder melalui literasi beberapa artikel dan jurnal yang relevan. Analisis data secara deskriptif dengan meggabungkan hasil observasi dengan literatur. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat Kampung Madras atau yang dikenal dengan Kampung Keling tetap menjaga rasa toleransi yang tinggi dan hidup berdampingan dengan harmonis, selain itu Kampung Madras memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan landmark sebagai pariwisata di Kota Medan

Molecular survey of tularemia and plague in small mammals from Iran

Introduction: Plague and tularemia are zoonoses and their causative bacteria are circulating in certain regions of Iran. This study was conducted to investigate potential disease reservoirs amongst small wildlife species in different regions of Iran. Methods: Rodents, insectivores and hares from 17 different provinces of the country were collected in 2014 and 2015. Samples were taken from the spleens of the animals and Real-time PCR was applied to detect nucleic acid sequences that are specific to Francisella tularensis and Yersinia pestis, respectively. Results: Among 140 collected rodents, 25 distinct species were identified out of which five were the most common: Microtus paradoxus (21 out of 140 rodents), Apodemus witherbyi (12), Microtus irani (11), Mus musculus (11) and Microtus socialis (10). Seventeen insectivores were collected and identified as Crocidura suaveolens (82) and C. leucodon (18). Fifty-one hares were collected and identified as Lepus europaeus (57), Lepus tolai (14) and Lepus sp. (29). Three out of 140 explored rodents (1.91) were positive for F. tularensis, an A. witherbyi, a Mus musculus domesticus, and a Chionomys nivalis collected from Golestan, Khuzestan and Razavi Khorasan provinces, respectively. Two hares (3.92) were F. tularensis-positive, a L. europaeus from Khuzestan and a Lepus sp. from the Sistan and Baluchistan province. None of the tested animals were positive for Y. pestis. Conclusion: This is the first report of direct detection of F. tularensis in mammals of Iran and the first-time observation of the agent in a snow vole, C. nivalis worldwide. The results indicate that tularemia is more widespread in Iran than previously reported including the Northeast and Southwestern parts of the country. Future studies should address genetic characterization of F. tularensis positive DNA samples from Iran to achieve molecular subtyping and rule out assay cross-reactivity with near neighbor Francisella species. © 2018 Mostafavi, Ghasemi, Rohani, Molaeipoor, Esmaeili, Mohammadi, Mahmoudi, Aliabadian and Johansson

Epidemiological impact of waning immunization on a vaccinated population

This is an epidemiological SIRV model based study that is de- signed to analyze the impact of vaccination in containing infection spread, in a 4-tiered population compartment comprised of susceptible, infected, recov- ered and vaccinated agents. While many models assume a lifelong protection through vaccination, we focus on the impact of waning immunization due to conversion of vaccinated and recovered agents back to susceptible ones. Two asymptotic states exist, the \disease-free equilibrium" and the \endemic equi- librium" and we express the transitions between these states as function of the vaccination and conversion rates and using the basic reproduction number. We nd that the vaccination of newborns and adults have dierent consequences on controlling an epidemic. Also, a decaying disease protection within the re- covered sub-population is not sucient to trigger an epidemic on the linear level. We perform simulations for a parameter set modelling a disease with waning immunization like pertussis. For a diusively coupled population, a transition to the endemic state can proceed via the propagation of a traveling infection wave, described successfully within a Fisher-Kolmogorov framework