The seismicity of east Africa

A preliminary investigation of seismic recordings made by the Durham University array station at Kaptagat, Kenya, for the period July 1970 until May 1971 has been made, A map has been produced indicating the epicentral location of earthquakes recorded within East Africa during this period. The work has shown that the majority of earthquakes recorded occurred associated with the major tectonic features of the East African rifts. The areas from which the largest numbers of earthquakes have been recorded were the western rift and the Kavirondo rift. An empirical preliminary magnitude scale has been devised for earthquakes recorded at Kaptagat, Magnitude frequency plots for areas within East Africa indicate a difference in the strength between the underlying rocks of the western and eastern rifts. The western rift exhibits the large bursts of energy release normally associated with more elastic material failure of the crust. The eastern rift shows earthquake magnitude and frequency characteristics that are indicative of the lower maximum stresses possibly associated with semi plastic flow rather than more elastic failure. This is taken as confirmation that the western rift has a structure possibly close to normal crust with significant spreading having not yet occurred. The eastern rift on the other hand, is seen as a zone of more plastic material failure and crustal spreading, identifying it as a plate boundary

Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Southwest Quarter of the Tanacross D-1 Quadrangle, Alaska

The study area is in the northeast corner of the Tanacross quadrangle, east-central Alaska. Known as the Interior Porphyry belt, it lies between the Tintina fault to the north and the Denali fault to the south. Seven major porphyry copper-type deposits have been found within the belt since I969. Because much of the belt was unglaciated during Pleistocene time, the probability of finding a zone of supergene enrichment is enhanced. In Alaska a porphyry copper-type deposit with a supergene zone may improve the current economic status by helping to facilitate amortization of production capital costs. The rocks within the study area consist mainly of Paleozoic or older schists and gneiss units that have been intruded by late Cretaceous-early Tertiary igneous rocks. Limited exposures, residual soils, and thick brush in the Tanacross area have necessitated the use of reconnaissance geochemistry, aeromagnetics, and Landsat imagery to locate areas of potential mineralization. Three such areas were found within the study area; they have been named Pika Canyon, NE Pika Canyon, and Fishhook prospects. The Pika Canyon and NE Pika Canyon prospects have been studied by detailed soil geochemistry, ground magnetics, and geologic and alteration mapping. Only the geology and alteration have been mapped at the Fishhook prospect. Work completed at the three prospects indicates that Pika Canyon and Fishhook prospects represent potential porphyry copper-type deposits, and that NE Pika Canyon is possibly a structurally controlled copper-zinc deposit. At the present stage of exploration the economic potential of these prospects cannot be determined

Fusion leadership: A transcultural interpretation and application

This article introduces a new perspective that challenges well-known leadership styles that have flourished in hitherto stable environments. ‘Fusion leadership’ integrates Eastern and Western values and mindsets to establish an approach that may more effectively respond to the challenges and dilemmas of leadership and organizational issues in contemporary situations in the context of globalization. Our approach contributes to the literature on leadership by providing skills, techniques and practical wisdom for leaders to consider and develop their leadership values, styles and practices to respond to cross-cultural challenges

The Invasive Species Forecasting System (ISFS): An iRODS-Based, Cloud-Enabled Decision Support System for Invasive Species Habitat Suitability Modeling

The Invasive Species Forecasting System (ISFS) is an online decision support system that allows users to load point occurrence field sample data for a plant species of interest and quickly generate habitat suitability maps for geographic regions of interest, such as a national park, monument, forest, or refuge. Target customers for ISFS are natural resource managers and decision makers who have a need for scientifically valid, model- based predictions of the habitat suitability of plant species of management concern. In a joint project involving NASA and the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, ISFS has been used to model the potential distribution of Wavyleaf Basketgrass in Maryland's Chesapeake Bay Watershed. Maximum entropy techniques are used to generate predictive maps using predictor datasets derived from remotely sensed data and climate simulation outputs. The workflow to run a model is implemented in an iRODS microservice using a custom ISFS file driver that clips and re-projects data to geographic regions of interest, then shells out to perform MaxEnt processing on the input data. When the model completes, all output files and maps from the model run are registered in iRODS and made accessible to the user. The ISFS user interface is a web browser that uses the iRODS PHP client to interact with the ISFS/iRODS- server. ISFS is designed to reside in a VMware virtual machine running SLES 11 and iRODS 3.0. The ISFS virtual machine is hosted in a VMware vSphere private cloud infrastructure to deliver the online service

Cost effectiveness of glove endobag in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Review of the available literatur

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most common procedure performed worldwide and remains the gold standard for symptomatic gallstones. The most common complication obser ved during this procedure is gallbladder perforation resulting in spillage of stones and bile into peritoneal cavity. In order to avoid such complications, gallbladder is commonly extracted in an endobag. The current literature review was conducted to assess the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of glove endobags. PubMed and Google Scholar databses were searched to find relevant studies from January 1990 to December 2017. Search terms used were \u27glove endobag\u27 and \u27laparoscopic cholecystectomy\u27. Literature suggests glove endobag is an effective and comparatively inexpensive compared to commercially prepared endobags

Pinturicchio’s Frescoes in the Sala dei Santi in the Vatican Palace: authorship and a new iconological interpretation of the ‘Egyptian’ theme

The frescoes of the Egyptian story of Isis, Osiris and the bull Apis that were painted by Pinturicchio and workshop on ceilings in the Vatican Palace in 1493 have attracted attention, particularly since the rooms were restored in the late 1890s. That they were commissioned for Rodrigo Borgia (1431–1503) for a room, the Sala dei Santi, in his private suite, the Appartamento Borgia, shortly after he became Pope Alexander VI in August 1492, has added to speculation as to how they should be interpreted. It has been widely held that they were inspired by Annius of Viterbo (1424–1502), a Dominican monk and fraudster, because a few years later he included a similar story in a genealogy of Pope Alexander VI. Leading interpretations have assumed Annius’ involvement and have suggested that the story was chosen for these frescoes because the Borgia emblem incorporated a bull, or to reflect the Ottoman threat to the Church. This thesis demonstrates that Annius could not have inspired these frescoes and thus challenges previous interpretations. By considering who else might have inspired this theme it proposes an alternative interpretation. The Venetian humanist Ermolao Barbaro (1454–1493) was well positioned to have been involved. In May 1490 he had visited Marsilio Ficino (1433–1499) who had recently been translating the Neoplatonist Plotinus’ works relating to daímones, intermediaries between man and the gods. Plutarch’s account of the Isis and Osiris myth, knowledge of which would have been necessary to have specified the detail of the frescoes, casts Isis and Osiris as daímones. It is proposed that these frescoes depict an allegory of intermediation with the gods as part of a theurgical programme of syncretising Christianity with ancient religions, and that the central figure in the largest wall fresco in the room is a portrayal of Plotinus

Empathy in clinical practice: A qualitative study of early medical practitioners and educators

Objective: To explore the reasons for decline in empathy among physicians and to identify strategiesfor fostering empathetic clinical practice.Methods: The qualitative study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from February to June 2017, and comprised focus group discussions involving separate sessions with medical students, residents and clinical teachers. Content analysis was used to analyse the verbatim transcripts for identification of codes which led to derivation of themes from the data. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research was used to assess the quality of the study.Results: Of the 109 subjects, 57(52.3%) were medical students, 30(27.5%) residents and 22(20.2%)clinical teachers. Of the 9 focus group discussions, 4(44.4%) were held with the students, 3(33.3%) with residents and 2(22.2%) with the teachers. Four themes that generated were delineating empathetic clinical practice, reasons for decline, challenges for promoting empathetic clinical practice, and recommendations for developing and facilitating empathetic clinical practice. All the participants unanimously agreed that there was a decline in empathetic clinical practice. Primary challenges included increased workload and time constraints inhibiting empathetic practice..Conclusions: It is essential to teach empathetic clinic practice to students and residents during medical training while continuous professional development should reinforce the significance of empathetic clinical practice among medical practitioners and educators

Exploring power assumptions in the leadership and management debate

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to take a fresh look at the leadership and management debate through exploring underlying power assumptions in the literature. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is a conceptual discussion that draws on the power-based literature to develop a framework to help conceptually understand leadership in relation to management.Findings – The paper highlights the historically clichéd nature of comments regarding conceptual similarities and differences between leadership and management. The paper draws attention to a problem within this debate – a confusion regarding assumptions of power. As a result the paper brings to the forefront perspectives of management that are of an emergent and non-work perspective which enables the development of a framework of the literature that includes managers “doing” leadership, managers “becoming” leaders, “being” leaders and managers, and leaders “doing” management. The paper goes on to explore the meaning and potential behind each part of the framework and suggests a need to develop an understanding of “doing” leadership and management and “being” managers and leaders through an exploration of “becoming” in organisations.Originality/value – This paper provides a new perspective on the leadership and management or leadership vs management question by introducing a non-work, emergent or personal perspective on management. Furthermore, this paper concludes that whether leadership and management are similar or different is dependent upon which power construct underlies each phenomenon, a consideration that has been neglected in the leadership and management debate for some time

Developing role models in clinical settings: A qualitative study of medical students, residents and clinical teachers

Objective: To explore how positive role modelling attributes can be developed in students, residents and clinical teachers.Methods: The qualitative study using focus group discussions was held at Aga Khan University, Karachi from March to May 2018, and comprised medical students, residents and clinical teachers. Overall 11 focus group discussions were conducted till data saturation was achieved. Content analysis was used to analyse the data which was transcribed verbatim.Results: Of the 116 subjects, 60(51.7%) were medical students, 35(30.2%) were residents and 21(18%) were clinical teachers. Of the 11 focus group discussions, 4(36.5%) each were held with the students and the residents, while 3(27%) were held with the teachers. Five major themes that emerged from the study included definition of role models, attributes of role models, role modelling as a learnt behaviour, challenges in developing role models, and recommendations for developing positive role models. A number of attributes of positive and negative role models were identified by the participants. All the participants including students, residents and teachers appreciated the importance of role modelling in developing professionalism among health professionals and medical students. Factors hindering development and demonstration of positive role modelling were also identified and possible solutions were suggested.Conclusions: Clinical teachers needed to be made cognizant of their role as positive role models in developing professionally competent physicians. The medical institutions needed to develop and implement policies that would enhance positive role modelling by the teachers and facilitate learning of positive attributes at all levels