4,559 research outputs found
Interpreting angular momentum transfer between electromagnetic multipoles using vector spherical harmonics
The transfer of angular momentum between a quadrupole emitter and a dipole acceptor is investigated theoretically. Vector spherical harmonics are used to describe the angular part of the field of the mediating photon. Analytical results are presented for predicting angular momentum transfer between the emitter and absorber within a quantum electrodynamical framework. We interpret the allowability of such a process, which appears to violate conservation of angular momentum, in terms of the breakdown of the isotropy of space at the point of photon absorption (detection). That is, collapse of the wavefunction results in loss of all angular momentum information. This is consistent with Noetherâs Theorem and demystifies some common misconceptions about the nature of the photon. The results have implications for interpreting the detection of photons from multipole sources and offers insight into limits on information that can be extracted from quantum measurements in photonic systems
The post-common-envelope, binary central star of the planetary nebula Hen 2-11
We present a detailed photometric study of the central star system of the
planetary nebula Hen 2-11, selected for study because of its low-ionisation
filaments and bipolar morphology - traits which have been strongly linked with
central star binarity. Photometric monitoring with NTT-EFOSC2 reveals a highly
irradiated, double-eclipsing, post-common-envelope system with a period of
0.609 d. Modelling of the lightcurve indicates that the nebular progenitor is
extremely hot, while the secondary in the system is probably a K-type main
sequence star. The chemical composition of the nebula is analysed, showing Hen
2-11 to be a medium-excitation non-Type I nebula. A simple photoionisation
model is constructed determining abundance ratios of C/O and N/O which would be
consistent with the common-envelope cutting short the AGB evolution of the
nebular progenitor.
The detection of a post-common-envelope binary system at the heart of Hen
2-11 further strengthens the link between binary progeny and the formation of
axisymmetric planetary nebulae with patterns of low-ionisation filaments,
clearly demonstrating their use as morphological indicators of central star
binarity.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 9 pages, 5 figures, 4 table
A Multi-wavelength Study of the Host Environment of SMBHB 4C+37.11
4C+37.11, at z=0.055 shows two compact radio nuclei, imaged by VLBI at 7mas
separation, making it the closest known resolved super-massive black hole
binary (SMBHB). An important question is whether this unique object is young,
caught on the way to a gravitational in-spiral and merger, or has `stalled' at
7pc. We describe new radio/optical/X-ray observations of the massive host and
its surrounding X-ray halo. These data reveal X-ray/optical channels following
the radio outflow and large scale edges in the X-ray halo. These structures are
promising targets for further study which should elucidate their relationship
to the unique SMBHB core.Comment: To appear in the Astrophysical Journa
Spacing of Connections in Compression Flanges of Built-up Cold-formed Steel Beams
Built-up cold-formed steel sections may offer greater economy in building construction. Typical built-up sections are cellular decks or door and window header beams. A research project was initiated to determine if the current spacing criteria outlined in Section D1.2 of the AISI Specification accurately predicted the capacity of built-up sections with the cover plate in compression. This study showed that criteria No.2 of the AISI Design Specification spacing criteria is restrictive when applied to built-up cross sections in bending. All test sections continued to carry additional load after the cover plate buckled. The tests showed that as the spacing of connectors increased the moment capacity of the section decreased. An analytical procedure was developed to compute the nominal moment capacity for a range of connector spacings
Scotland Registry for Ankylosing Spondylitis (SIRAS) â Protocol
Funding SIRAS was funded by unrestricted grants from Pfizer and AbbVie. The project was reviewed by both companies, during the award process, for Scientific merit, to ensure that the design did not compromise patient safety, and to assess the global regulatory implications and any impact on regulatory strategy.Publisher PD
Beam Dynamics Studies for the HIE-ISOLDE Linac at CERN
The upgrade of the normal conducting (NC) Radioactive Ion Beam EXperiment (REX)-ISOLDE heavy ion accelerator at CERN, under the High Intensity and Energy (HIE)- ISOLDE framework, proposes the use of superconducting (SC) quarter-wave resonators (QWRs) to increase the energy capability of the facility from 3 MeV/u to beyond 10 MeV/u. A beam dynamics study of a lattice design comprising SC QWRs and SC solenoids has confirmed the designâs ability to accelerate ions, with a mass-to-charge ratio in the range 2.5 < A/q < 4.5, to the target energy with a minimal emittance increase. We report on the development of this study to include the implementation of realistic fields within the QWRs and solenoids. A preliminary error study is presented in order to constrain tolerances on the manufacturing and alignment of the linac.The upgrade of the normal conducting (NC) Radioactive Ion Beam EXperiment (REX)-ISOLDE heavy ion accelerator at CERN, under the High Intensity and Energy (HIE)-ISOLDE framework, proposes the use of superconducting (SC) quarter-wave resonators (QWRs) to increase the energy capability of the facility from 3 MeV/u to beyond 10 MeV/u. A beam dynamics study of a lattice design comprising SC QWRs and SC solenoids has confirmed the design's ability to accelerate ions, with a mass-to-charge ratio in the range 2.5 < A/q < 4.5, to the target energy with a minimal emittance increase. We report on the development of this study to include the implementation of realistic fields within the QWRs and solenoids. A preliminary error study is presented in order to constrain tolerances on the manufacturing and alignment of the linac.The upgrade of the normal conducting REX-ISOLDE heavy ion accelerator at CERN, under the HIE-ISOLDE framework, proposes the use of superconducting (SC) quarter-wave resonators (QWRs) to increase the energy capability of the facility from 3 MeV/u to beyond 10 MeV/u. A beam dynamics study of a lattice design comprising SC QWRs and SC solenoids has confirmed the design's ability to accelerate ions, with a mass-to-charge ratio in the range 2.5 < A/q < 4.5, to the target energy with a minimal emittance increase. We report on the development of this study to include the implementation of realistic fields within the QWRs and solenoids. A preliminary error study is presented in order to constrain tolerances on the manufacturing and alignment of the linac
Beam Dynamics Studies for the SCREX-ISOLDE LINAC at CERN
For the REX-ISOLDE upgrade a superconducting linac
based on 101.28MHz Quarter Wave Resonators (QWRs) is
foreseen downstream of the normal conducting (NC) linac.
Currently the REX-ISOLDE linac can accelerate ions with
a mass to charge ratio in the range of 3 < A/q < 4.5 up to
an energy of 2.8 MeV/u. The upgrade aims to reach a minimum
final beam energy of 10 MeV/u for A/q=4.5 in two main stages. The first stage consists of installing two cryomodules loaded with 10 cavities able to reach 5.5 MeV/u
at the end of the present linac and the second consists of
replacing part of the existing NC linac and adding further
cryomodules. We report here on a beam dynamics study of
the accelerator for the two installation stages.status: publishe
User-centered development of a Virtual Research Environment to support collaborative research events
This paper discusses the user-centred development process within the Collaborative Research Events on the Web (CREW) project, funded under the JISC Virtual Research Environments (VRE) programme. After presenting the project, its aims and the functionality
of the CREW VRE, we focus on the user engagement approach, grounded in the method of co-realisation. We describe the different research settings and requirements of our three embedded user groups and the respective activities conducted so far. Finally we elaborate on
the main challenges of our user engagement approach and end with the projectâs next steps
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