High Doses of Halotolerant Gut-Indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum

To elucidate the ecological effect of high oral doses of halotolerant (resistant to table salt) indigenous-gut bacteria on other commensals early in life, we conducted a culture-based study to quantify the effect of intestinal Lactobacillus plantarum strain of bovine origin (with remarkable aerobic growth capabilities and inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and F5) on clinical health and gut lactobacilli/coliforms in newborn calves. In a double-blind placebo-randomized trial twelve colostrum-fed calves, consecutively born at a farm, were fed L. plantarum within 12 hours from birth at low (107-8 CFU/day) or high concentrations (1010-11) or placebo (q24 h, 5 d; 10 d follow-up). We developed a 2.5% NaCl-selective culture strategy to facilitate the enumeration of L. plantarum-strain-B80, and tested 384 samples (>1,152 cultures). L. plantarum-B80-like colonies were detected in a large proportion of calves (58%) even before their first 24 hours of life indicating endemic presence of the strain in the farm. In contrast to studies where human-derived Lactobacillus LGG or rhamnosus had notoriously high, but short-lived, colonization, we found that L. plantarum colonized stably with fecal shedding of 6±1 log10·g−1 (irrespective of dose, P>0.2). High doses significantly reduced other fecal lactic acid bacteria (e.g., lactobacilli, P<0.01) and slightly reduced body weight gain in calves after treatment. For the first time, a halotolerant strain of L. plantarum with inhibitory activity against a human pathogen has the ability to inhibit other lactobacilli in vivo without changing its species abundance, causing transintestinal translocation, or inducing clinical disease. The future selection of probiotics based on halotolerance may expand therapeutic product applicability

Clostridium difficile in Retail Ground Meat, Canada

Clostridium difficile was isolated from 12 (20%) of 60 retail ground meat samples purchased over a 10-month period in 2005 in Canada. Eleven isolates were toxigenic, and 8 (67%) were classified as toxinotype III. The human health implications of this finding are unclear, but with the virulence of toxinotype III strains further studies are required

Implementación de una aplicación móvil para la gestión de incidencias en el área de soporte de una empresa privada, 2022

La presente tesis precisa el desarrollo de un aplicativo móvil para la gestión de incidencias en la empresa Fiber Pro. El estudio tuvo como objetivo general determinar la influencia de una aplicación móvil para la gestión de incidencias en la empresa Fiber Pro. El tipo de investigación fue aplicada, con un diseño preexperimental y de enfoque cuantitativo. El estudio utilizó las metodologías ITIL y Mobile-D. La población fue de 450 registros de incidencias y con un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple. La técnica utilizada fue el fichaje y el instrumento fue la ficha de registro, siendo las fichas validadas por un experto. La implementación del aplicativo móvil mejoró el porcentaje de incidencias atendidas en un 88.6%, el nivel de productividad en un 18.6% y el escalado jerárquico en un 86.7%, logrando así una mejora en la gestión de incidencias en la empresa Fiber Pro y por tanto se confirma la hipótesis del estudio, es decir que la aplicación móvil influye significativamente en la gestión de incidencias de la empresa Fiber Pro

Possible Seasonality of Clostridium difficile in Retail Meat, Canada

We previously reported Clostridium difficile in 20% of retail meat in Canada, which raised concerns about potential foodborne transmissibility. Here, we studied the genetic diversity of C. difficile in retail meats, using a broad Canadian sampling infrastructure and 3 culture methods. We found 6.1% prevalence and indications of possible seasonality (highest prevalence in winter)

La relevancia de la acreditación de la prexistencia del bien ante acusación por robo agravado para impugnación de cargos, Lima, 2020

El presente trabajo de investigación que lleva por título: la relevancia de la acreditación de la prexistencia del bien ante acusación por robo agravado para impugnación de cargos tuvo como objetivo: Determinar la relevancia de la acreditación prexistencia del bien ante acusación por robo agravado para impugnación de cargos. La metodología empleada fue de enfoque cualitativo, tipo lege ferenda motivado a que su propósito es mejorar a futuro el Código Procesal Penal en su Artículo 201°. - Preexistencia y Valorización, diseño basado en la hermenéutica jurídica, donde como principal conclusión se tuvo que: se concluye que la acreditación de la preexistencia del bien es de suma importancia pues constituye la base para alegatos de nulidad que ya tienen precedentes en las jurisprudencias.The present research work that is entitled: the relevance of the accreditation of the preexistence of the property before an accusation of aggravated robbery to challenge charges, had the objective: To determine the relevance of the accreditation of the preexistence of the property before an accusation of aggravated robbery to challenge of charges. The methodology used was of a qualitative approach, lege ferenda type, motivated that its purpose is to improve the criminal procedure code in its Article 201.- Preexistence and Valorization, design based on legal hermeneutics, where the main conclusion had to be: concludes that the accreditation of the pre-existence of the property is of the utmost importance since it constitutes the basis for allegations of nullity that already have precedents in the jurisprudence

Clostridium difficile PCR Ribotypes in Calves, Canada

C. difficile, including epidemic PCR ribotypes 017 and 027, were isolated from dairy calves in Canada

Clinical Effects of Gamma-Radiation-Resistant Aspergillus sydowii on Germ-Free Mice Immunologically Prone to Inflammatory Bowel Disease

We report and investigated a case of inadvertent contamination of 125 mice (housed in two germ-free positive-pressurized isolators) with emerging human and coral pathogen Aspergillus sydowii. The infected mice correspond to genetic line SAMP1/YitFc, which have 100% immune predisposition to develop Crohn&apos;s disease-like spontaneous pathologies, namely, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Pathogen update based on a scoping review of the literature and our clinical observations and experimentation are discussed. The unwanted infection of germ-free mice (immunologically prone to suffer chronic inflammation) with human pathogen A. sydowii resulted in no overt signs of clinical disease over 3-week exposure period, or during DSS-induced colitis experiments. Results and observations suggest that A. sydowii alone has limited clinical effect in immunocompromised germ-free mice or that other commensal microbial flora is required for Aspergillus-associated disease to occur

The Artificial Sweetener Splenda Promotes Gut Proteobacteria, Dysbiosis, and Myeloperoxidase Reactivity in Crohn’s Disease–Like Ileitis

We thank John D. Ward and Lindsey N. Kaydo for their technical support and Dr. Wei Xin for the histological scoring of ileitis severity. ARP is an Assistant Professor of Medicine at CWRU School of Medicine. Metagenomic sequencing was conducted in the laboratory of Dr. Skip Virgin at Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Raw sequencing data files will be available upon request.Peer reviewedPostprin

Editorial: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical management and public health response

During a pandemic, there are multiple concurrent clinical and scientific priorities, including the need to understand the pathophysiology of the disease, the different modes of transmission, how patient care can be optimized, as well as the need to develop mathematical models that can now cast and forecast the progression of infections within given populations and/or geographical regions. When the current SARS-CoV2 pandemic was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization, a formal declaration of its gravity, it became evident that there was an acute need to understand all of the above aspects. In doing so, by 11th February 2020, a special topic, entitled “Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Clinical Management and Public Health Response,” was initiated with a dedicated team of handling editors to facilitate the timely peer-review and publication of relevant manuscripts (1). Frontiers, as the publisher of this special topic, took the bold step of waiving any article processing charges so that financial constraints would not be a barrier to communicating crucial information about the pandemic to a broad audience. Furthermore, this was the most extensive special topic to date in the Frontiers portfolio, in terms of the numbers of participating Frontiers journals, disciplines, and sections. This reflected the acute need for the scientific community to understand the many aspects of the pandemic. This special Research Topic captured the entire first wave in the northern hemisphere, from February to May 2020, and the intensity of the associated editorial work is evident by the reported numbers. Within 4 months, 194 abstracts were received; in total 851 manuscripts were submitted, of which 453 were rejected while 398 were published. From the scientific community perspective, by June 2020 the special topic achieved over 2 million views, by December 2020 over 4 million views, and by August 2021 over 8 million views. As an example of the breadth of subjects covered, manuscripts included the attempt by Larsen et al. to model the onset of symptoms of COVID-19; the observed gender differences on COVID-19 patients’ severity and mortality by Jin et al., the correlation between poverty levels and rates of COVID-19 incidence and death in the United States by Finch and Finch, as well as the careful review of the cytokine storm in COVID-19 (Tang et al.

Parabacteroides distasonis:intriguing aerotolerant gut anaerobe with emerging antimicrobial resistance and pathogenic and probiotic roles in human health

Parabacteroides distasonis is the type strain for the genus Parabacteroides, a group of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria that commonly colonize the gastrointestinal tract of numerous species. First isolated in the 1930s from a clinical specimen as Bacteroides distasonis, the strain was re-classified to form the new genus Parabacteroides in 2006. Currently, the genus consists of 15 species, 10 of which are listed as 'validly named' (P. acidifaciens, P. chartae, P. chinchillae, P. chongii, P. distasonis, P. faecis, P. goldsteinii, P. gordonii, P. johnsonii, and P. merdae) and 5 'not validly named' (P. bouchesdurhonensis, P. massiliensis, P. pacaensis, P. provencensis, and P. timonensis) by the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. The Parabacteroides genus has been associated with reports of both beneficial and pathogenic effects in human health. Herein, we review the literature on the history, ecology, diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and genetics of this bacterium, illustrating the effects of P. distasonis on human and animal health