14,320 research outputs found
Intrapartum and perinatal results associated with different degrees of staining of meconium stained amniotic fluid
OBJECTIVE:
To determine the intrapartum and perinatal results associated with different degrees of staining of meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF).
STUDY DESIGN:
In a retrospective cohort study of all singleton deliveries over a period of one year (2015) in a tertiary hospital, we compared different degrees of MSAF (yellow, green and thick) to clear amniotic fluids, and analysed in each group maternal, intrapartum and neonatal variables as well as umbilical cord blood gas analysis.
RESULTS:
Of the 3590 deliveries included, 503 (14%) had MSAF. The incidence of MSAF rises with gestational age at delivery, reaching 20.7% in gestations above 41 weeks compared to 4.3% below 37 weeks. As the amniotic fluid staining progresses we found a higher proportion of intrapartum fevers (p  0.05). We have observed a similar distribution of umbilical artery pH ranges in all groups (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS:
MSAF was associated with an increase in the rate of pathological fetal heart rate patterns, intrapartum fevers, operative vaginal and cesarean section deliveries, need for neonatal resuscitation, low Apgar scores and higher fetal-neonatal mortality. Moreover, we found that the risks increase as the staining and consistency of the amniotic fluid evolves so it should alert the obstetrician and paediatrician to the potential adverse outcomes
Photo--assisted current and shot noise in the fractional quantum Hall effect
The effect of an AC perturbation on the shot noise of a fractional quantum
Hall fluid is studied both in the weak and the strong backscattering regimes.
It is known that the zero-frequency current is linear in the bias voltage,
while the noise derivative exhibits steps as a function of bias. In contrast,
at Laughlin fractions, the backscattering current and the backscattering noise
both exhibit evenly spaced singularities, which are reminiscent of the
tunneling density of states singularities for quasiparticles. The spacing is
determined by the quasiparticle charge and the ratio of the DC bias
with respect to the drive frequency. Photo--assisted transport can thus be
considered as a probe for effective charges at such filling factors, and could
be used in the study of more complicated fractions of the Hall effect. A
non-perturbative method for studying photo--assisted transport at is
developed, using a refermionization procedure.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure
Self-trapped Exciton and Franck-Condon Spectra Predicted in LaMnO
Because the ground state has cooperative Jahn-Teller order, electronic
excitations in LaMnO are predicted to self-trap by local rearrangement of
the lattice. The optical spectrum should show a Franck-Condon series, that is,
a Gaussian envelope of vibrational sidebands. Existing data are reinterpreted
in this way. The Raman spectrum is predicted to have strong multiphonon
features.Comment: 5 pages with two embedded postscript figure
The Structure of IR Luminous Galaxies at 100 Microns
We have observed twenty two galaxies at 100 microns with the Kuiper Airborne
Observatory in order to determine the size of their FIR emitting regions. Most
of these galaxies are luminous far-infrared sources, with L_FIR > 10^11 L_sun.
This data constitutes the highest spatial resolution ever achieved on luminous
galaxies in the far infrared. Our data includes direct measurements of the
spatial structure of the sources, in which we look for departures from point
source profiles. Additionally, comparison of our small beam 100 micron fluxes
with the large beam IRAS fluxes shows how much flux falls beyond our detectors
but within the IRAS beam. Several sources with point- like cores show evidence
for such a net flux deficit. We clearly resolved six of these galaxies at 100
microns and have some evidence for extension in seven others. Those galaxies
which we have resolved can have little of their 100 micron flux directly
emitted by a point-like active galactic nucleus (AGN). Dust heated to ~40 K by
recent bursts of non-nuclear star formation provides the best explanation for
their extreme FIR luminosity. In a few cases, heating of an extended region by
a compact central source is also a plausible option. Assuming the FIR emission
we see is from dust, we also use the sizes we derive to find the dust
temperatures and optical depths at 100 microns which we translate into an
effective visual extinction through the galaxy. Our work shows that studies of
the far infrared structure of luminous infrared galaxies is clearly within the
capabilities of new generation far infrared instrumentation, such as SOFIA and
SIRTF.Comment: 8 tables, 23 figure
Short-term effectiveness of a mobile phone app for increasing physical activity and adherence to the mediterranean diet in primary care: A randomized controlled trial (EVIDENT II study)
Background: The use of mobile phone apps for improving lifestyles has become generalized in the population, although little is still known about their effectiveness in improving health. Objective: We evaluate the effect of adding an app to standard counseling on increased physical activity (PA) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, 3 months after implementation. Methods: A randomized, multicenter clinical trial was carried out. A total of 833 participants were recruited in six primary care centers in Spain through random sampling: 415 in the app+counseling group and 418 in the counseling only group. Counseling on PA and the Mediterranean diet was given to both groups. The app+counseling participants additionally received training in the use of an app designed to promote PA and the Mediterranean diet over a 3-month period. PA was measured with the 7-day Physical Activity Recall (PAR) questionnaire and an accelerometer; adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener questionnaire. Results: Participants were predominantly female in both the app+counseling (249/415, 60.0%) and counseling only (268/418, 64.1%) groups, with a mean age of 51.4 (SD 12.1) and 52.3 (SD 12.0) years, respectively. Leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by 7-day PAR increased in the app+counseling (mean 29, 95% CI 5-53 min/week; P=.02) but not in the counseling only group (mean 17.4, 95% CI ''18 to 53 min/week; P=.38). No differences in increase of activity were found between the two groups. The accelerometer recorded a decrease in PA after 3 months in both groups: MVPA mean ''55.3 (95% CI ''75.8 to ''34.9) min/week in app+counseling group and mean ''30.1 (95% CI ''51.8 to ''8.4) min/week in counseling only group. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet increased in both groups (8.4% in app+counseling and 10.4% in counseling only group), with an increase in score of 0.42 and 0.53 points, respectively (P<.001), but no difference between groups (P=.86). Conclusions: Leisure-time MVPA increased more in the app+counseling than counseling only group, although no difference was found when comparing the increase between the two groups. Counseling accompanied by printed materials appears to be effective in improving adherence to the Mediterranean diet, although the app does not increase adherence
Large scale grain mantle disruption in the Galactic Center
We present observations of C2H5OH toward molecular clouds in Sgr A, Sgr B2
and associated with thermal and non-thermal features in the Galactic center.
C2H5OH emission in Sgr A and Sgr B2 is widespread, but not uniform. C2H5OH
emission is much weaker or it is not detected in some molecular clouds in both
complexes, in particular those with radial velocities between 70 and 120 km/s.
While most of the clouds associated with the thermal features do not show
C2H5OH emission, that associated with the Non-Thermal Radio Arc shows emission.
The fractional abundance of C2H5OH in most of the clouds with radial velocities
between 0 and 70 km/s in Sgr A and Sgr B2 is relatively high, of few 1e-8. The
C2H5OH abundance decreases by more than one order of magnitude (aprox. 1e-9) in
the clouds associated with the thermal features. The large abundance of C2H5OH
in the gas-phase indicates that C2H5OH has formed in grains and released to
gas-phase by shocks in the last aprox. 1e5 years.Comment: In press in Astrophysical Journal Letters 7 pages, 1 table, 1 figur
The enhancement of phase separation aspect in electron doped manganite Ca0.8Sm0.16Nd0.04MnO3
The complex lanthanide doping of electron manganites results in enhancement
of various phase separation effects in physical properties of these compounds.
Selecting Ca0.8Sm0.16Nd0.04MnO3 as a model case we show that the first order
structural phase transition from paramagnetic semi-metallic phase into
anti-ferromagnetic semi-metallic phase at TS ~ 158 +- 4 K is marked by an
abrupt decrease in magnetization, a step like anomaly DL/L = 10-4 in thermal
expansion and large latent heat DQ = 610 J/mol. In a certain temperature range
below TS, the high field magnetization exhibits hysteretic metamagnetic
behavior due to field-induced first order transformation. ac-susceptibility,
magnetization and resistivity data suggest rather a non-uniform state in
Ca0.8Sm0.16Nd0.04MnO3 at low temperatures. The metal - insulator transition
occurs at TMI ~112 +- 3 K, accompanied by a step-like increase in
magnetization. These features could be ascribed to "sponging" of electrons from
neighboring anti-ferromagnetic matrix by clusters undergoing the ferromagnetic
ordering.Comment: submitted to J.Phys. Cond. Matte
Implementation of synthetic fast-ion loss detector and imaging heavy ion beam probe diagnostics in the 3D hybrid kinetic-MHD code MEGA
- …