Housing prices and credit constraints in competitive search

We embed a competitive search model of the real estate market into a heterogeneous agentsetting where hoeholds face credit constraints and idiosyncratic turnover shocks. Householdscan accumulate a risk-free asset to build a down payment and to smooth non-housing consumption.There is an inelastic supply of identical homes. The model is "block recursive". Inequilibrium wealthier home buyers sort into submarkets with higher prices and shorter buyingtimes. We identify a novel amplification mechanism, arising from sorting, by which demandshocks can substantially affect housing prices. In particular, lowering down payment requirementsinduces entry of new buyers in the market and higher asset accumulation by currentsearchers, as these agents target more expensive (less congested) submarkets. This affects thedistribution of prices and trading probabilities, and thereby the wealth distribution. Our quantitativeresults suggest that the effects on the long-run level and dispersion of housing pricescan be significant.Support from the Spanish Ministerio Economía y Competitividad, grants ECO2016-76818-C3-1-P and ECO2017-86261-P, MDM 2014-0431, and Comunidad de Madrid, MadEco-CM (S2015/HUM-3444), is gratefully acknowledged

Current Status of the Insecticide Resistance in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Mexico

The mosquito Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) is the primary vector of dengue in Mexico and lately virus Chikungunya, although Aedes albopictus is widely distributed; its role in both diseases’ transmission has not been confirmed. The control of mosquitoes in Mexico includes source reduction consisting in the elimination of containers that are favorable sites for oviposition and development of the aquatic stage. The use of insecticides is to control larvae and adulticides as outdoor ultra-low volume applications and indoor residual spray and more recently impregnated materials. The health department regulates the use of insecticides, and such regulations are revised and adapted over time. Since 1999, the vector control regulations gave preference to the use of pyrethroids, a permethrin-based formulation to control adult forms. This insecticide was used as the only adulticide in Mexico for more than 10 years. The consequences of this actions have evolved in a widespread and strong resistance to other insecticides, mainly pyrethroids. We include in this revision evidence of resistance reported in Ae. aegypti in Mexico

Supply chain management y logistica en la empresa “kilbury s.A.”

ha experimentado un crecimiento considerable en sus ventas, que se han visto reflejadas en contribución al aumento del PIB Colombiano. Este mineral tiene una importancia económica básica ya que genera grandes cantidades de trabajos en regiones donde los índices de desempleo son considerables. Por ejemplo, se encuentra que en departamentos como en el Norte de Santander, la Guajira y por supuesto el Cesar, que son departamentos a esta instancia bastante desarrollados, este mineral ha ayudado a generar empleos y ha ayudado a que estas regiones obtengan ganancias adicionales gracias a las regalías que este mineral genera. “La producción de carbón en Colombia en la actualidad se caracteriza por tener la participación de dos clases de productores privados. Por una parte se encuentran las grandes explotaciones de carbón térmico en minas a cielo abierto cuya producción es de alrededor 45 millones de toneladas anuales, que está destinada exclusivamente al mercado externo; por otro lado están las pequeñas y medianas explotaciones de carbón térmico y metalúrgico de minería subterránea, con orientación a satisfacer el mercado interno para el consumo de la industria y la generación termoeléctrica, mercado que representa cerca de 4.4 millones de toneladas anuales”. Por lo anterior se considera que siendo este un sector tan importante para la economía nacional; además de tratar el comercio exterior, se deben conocer el proceso logístico de transporte; el sistema de transporte tanto interno como externo, al igual que la documentación básica para poder exportar este tipo de producto. Durante la realización de este proyecto se estudiarán los procesos logísticos de transporte utilizados por la empresa Kilbury Investments S.A., con el fin de darle a conocer al lector este proceso dentro de una compañía ya establecida para que sirva de guía a las personas interesadas en incursionar en este sector tan productivo.It has experienced considerable growth in its sales, which have been reflected in contribution to the increase in Colombian GDP. This mineral is of basic economic importance as it generates large numbers of jobs in regions where unemployment rates are considerable. For example, it is found that in departments as in the north of Santander, La Guajira and of course the Cesar, which are departments to this instance quite developed, this mineral has helped to generate jobs and has helped to make these regions gain Additional thanks to the royalties that this mineral generates. "Coal production in Colombia is currently characterized by the participation of two private producer classes. On the one hand are the large farms of thermal coal in open pit mines whose production is around 45 million of tonnes per annum, which is destined exclusively to the external market; On the other hand are the small and medium-sized farms of thermal and metallurgical coal of underground mining, with orientation to satisfy the internal market for the consumption of the industry and the thermoelectric generation, market that represents about 4.4 Million tonnes a year. " The above is considered to be such an important sector for the national economy; In addition to dealing with foreign trade, the logistical process of transport must be known; The internal and external transport system, as well as the basic documentation to be able to export this type of product. During the realization of this project will study the logistic processes of transport used by the company Kilbury Investments S.A., in order to make known to the reader this process within a company already established to serve as a guide to the People Interested in entering this sector so productive

SOX2 Expression and Transcriptional Activity Identifies a Subpopulation of Cancer Stem Cells in Sarcoma with Prognostic Implications

Stemness in sarcomas is coordinated by the expression of pluripotency factors, like SOX2, in cancer stem cells (CSC). The role of SOX2 in tumor initiation and progression has been well characterized in osteosarcoma. However, the pro-tumorigenic features of SOX2 have been scarcely investigated in other sarcoma subtypes. Here, we show that SOX2 depletion dramatically reduced the ability of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) cells to form tumorspheres and to initiate tumor growth. Conversely, SOX2 overexpression resulted in increased in vivo tumorigenicity. Moreover, using a reporter system (SORE6) which allows to monitor viable cells expressing SOX2 and/or OCT4, we found that SORE6+ cells were significantly more tumorigenic than the SORE6- subpopulation. In agreement with this findings, SOX2 expression in sarcoma patients was associated to tumor grade, differentiation, invasive potential and lower patient survival. Finally, we studied the effect of a panel of anti-tumor drugs on the SORE6+ cells of the UPS model and patient-derived chondrosarcoma lines. We found that the mithramycin analogue EC-8042 was the most efficient in reducing SORE6+ cells in vitro and in vivo. Overall, this study demonstrates that SOX2 is a pro-tumorigenic factor with prognostic potential in sarcoma. Moreover, SORE6 transcriptional activity is a bona fide CSC marker in sarcoma and constitutes an excellent biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of anti-tumor treatments on CSC subpopulations.This work was supported by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) [MINECO/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (SAF-2016-75286-R to R.R.), ISC III/FEDER (Miguel Servet Program CPII16/00049 to R.R., Sara Borrell Program CD16/00103 to S.T.M. and PI16/00280 and PI19/00560 to J.M.G-P) and Consorcio CIBERONC CB16/12/00390)] and the Plan de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación del Principado de Asturias/FEDER (IDI/2018/155) to J.P.R and Predoctoral Fellowship Severo Ochoa (BP-17-108) to O.E.S

Atomic physics modeling and applications for ICF plasmas

The Atomic Physics Group at the Institute of Nuclear Fusion (DENIM) in Spain has accumulated experience over the years in developing a collection of computational models and tools for determining some relevant microscopic properties of, mainly, ICF and laser-produced plasmas in a variety of conditions. In this work several applications of those models in determining some relevant microscopic properties are presented

One health approach to identify research needs on Rhipicephalus microplus ticks in the Americas

We aim to provide a harmonized view of the factors that affect the survival and promote the spread of R. microplus in the Neotropics, approaching its different facets of biology, ecology, distribution, and control. We review the interactions among environmental niche, landscape fragmentation, vegetal coverage (abiotic traits), and the biotic aspects of its ecology (abundance of domesticated or wild competent hosts), proposing emerging areas of research. We emphasize a holistic view integrating an economically and ecologically sustainable control of infestations and transmitted pathogens by R. microplus in the Neotropics. Examples of research link the trends of climate, the composition of the community of hosts, the landscape features, and a tailored management based on ecological grounds. Our view is that factors driving the spread of R. microplus are complex and deeply interrelated, something that has been seldom considered in control strategies. The effects of climate may affect the dynamics of wildlife or the landscape composition, promoting new patterns of seasonal activity of the tick, or its spread into currently free areas. In this paper we encourage a One Health approach highlighting the main aspects governing the components of the tick’s life cycle and its interactions with livestock and wild animals.EEA RafaelaFil: Estrada-Peña, Agustin. Universidad de Zaragoza. Facultad de Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; EspañaFil: Estrada-Peña, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Research Group in Emerging Zoonoses; EspañaFil: Rodriguez Mallon, Alina. Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. Animal Biotechnology Department; CubaFill: Bermudez, Sergio. Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud; PanamáFill: Domingos, Ana. Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical. Global Health and Tropical Medicine; PortugalFill: Estrada Garcia, Mario Pablo. Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; CubaFil: Labruna, Marcelo. Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia. Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria Preventiva e Saude Animal; BrasilFil: Merino, Octavio. University of Tamaulipas. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; MexicoFil: Nava, Santiago. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Nava, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Nava, Santiago. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (IDICAL); ArgentinaFil: Tarragona, Evelina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (IDICAL); ArgentinaFil: Tarragona, Evelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (IDICAL); ArgentinaFil: Venzal, José Manuel. Universidad de la República. CENUR Litoral Norte-Salto. Facultad de Veterinaria. Laboratorio de Vectores y Enfermedades Transmitidas; UruguayFil: De La Fuente, José. Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos; EspañaFil: Mosqueda, Juan. Autonomous University of Queretaro. College of Natural Sciences. Immunology and Vaccines Laboratory; MexicoFil: Lleonart Cruz, Ricardo. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP); PanamáFil: Lleonart Cruz, Ricardo. Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI); Panam

Caracterización experimental y numérica de eventos de crecida extraordinarios en la cuenca del río carcarañá, Argentina

La cuenca del Río Carcarañá (subcuenca de la Cuenca del Plata), es un importante sistema fluvial ubicado en la regióncentral de la República Argentina, que posee un área de más de 50.000 km2. La cuenca se extiende sobre el centrosudeste de la provincia de Córdoba y el sur de la provincia de Santa Fe, siendo esta región unos de los sitios agrícolasmás productivos del país y del mundo. El río Carcarañá posee tres importantes tributarios: (a) río Tercero o Ctalamochita,(b) río Saladillo y (c) arroyo Tortugas. Dichos tributarios contribuyen al escurrimiento total del río Carcarañá, con una granvariabilidad estacional de caudales. En los años 2014 y 2015 se registraron en la cuenca importantes crecidas que provocaron la inundación de numerosas ciudades y campos en el sudeste de la provincia de Córdoba y sur de la provincia deSanta Fe (más de un millón de hectáreas inundadas). Frente a esta problemática fue necesario generar un conocimientomás detallado del comportamiento de la cuenca frente a eventos de crecida, para brindar a los organismos de gestión lainformación necesaria para la toma de decisiones. Es por ello que el objetivo del presente trabajo es caracterizar, de formaexperimental y numérica, el escurrimiento superficial de este sistema fluvial para los eventos de crecida de los años 2014y 2015, con el fin de desarrollar herramientas que permitan a las autoridades de gestión tomar las medidas necesariaspara mitigar los efectos de este tipo de eventos extraordinarios. Para cumplir con esto se realizó la cuantificación de caudales en diferentes puntos de la cuenca (que incluyó la evaluación del funcionamiento de los órganos de descarga de lapresa de Embalse de Río Tercero), mediante el uso de un ADCP diseñado para aguas poco profundas. Con la informaciónobtenida, se determinaron los parámetros hidráulicos del flujo y se realizó el ajuste de curvas Altura-Caudal para nuevesecciones en toda la cuenca y se analizó la evolución de los hidrogramas en diferentes secciones en donde se reflejacómo impacta la operación de los órganos de evacuación del embalse en los caudales escurridos. Finalmente, utilizandola información obtenida de las mediciones de campo se implementaron y calibraron dos modelos hidráulicos unidimensionales del escurrimiento en el cauce del río Tercero en las localidades de Bell Ville y Villa María (ubicadas en la provinciade Córdoba-Argentina). Los resultados obtenidos fueron utilizados en el período 2015/2016 por los organismos de gestiónpara determinar medidas estructurales y no estructurales a implementar.Carcarañá River basin (a sub-basin of La Plata River basin), is an important fluvial system in the central region of Argentina with area of over 50.000km2 . The basin extends over the center-south-east region of the Santa Fe province and center of Cordoba province in one of the most productive agricultural sites of both, the country and the world. The Carcarañá River has three major tributaries: (a) Tercero (Ctalamochita) River, (b) Saladillo River and (c) Tortugas Creek. These tributaries contribute in a different way to the discharge of Carcarañá River with a great seasonal variability of the flows. Major flooding have occurred in the basin in 2014 and 2015 and caused important damages in many towns and farmlands in the southeast region of the Córdoba province and south of Santa Fe province, and about one million of hectares were flooded. Flooding management requires a detailed characterization of the behavior of the fluvial system during flood events. Thus, the objective of this work is to characterize experimentally and numerically the surface flows in the basin for 2014 and 2015 floods events. To achieve this objective, a quantification of flow discharge was performed in different tributaries of the basin (including the quantification of effluent flow discharge of the Río Tercero Dam valves) using an ADCP YSI/SonTek RiverSurveyor S5 designed for shallow waters. The information obtained from field measurements was used to calibrate one-dimensional hydraulic models for two Tercero River reaches at Bell Ville and Villa Maria cities (located in the province of Córdoba, Argentina). In addition rating curves for nine river cross sections were calibrated for different tributaries in the basin. Using this information, the evolutions of the hydrographs in different cross sections were analyzed; thus it has been possible to evaluate how the early reservoir operation of the dams in the upstream basin impacts on the observed flow. The results obtained in this work were used by the government agencies for flood management regulating outflow from the dam and designing the infrastructure for flood mitigation, etcFil: Díaz Lozada, José Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos Sobre el Agua; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Rodriguez, Carlos Marcelo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos Sobre el Agua; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Ingeniería y Tecnología. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Ingeniería y Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Herrero, Horacio Sebastian Julian. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos Sobre el Agua; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Heredia Ligorria, Ana Inés. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos Sobre el Agua; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Ingeniería y Tecnología. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Ingeniería y Tecnología; ArgentinaFil: Lopez, Fabian. Ministerio de Agua, Ambiente y Servicios Públicos. - Gobierno de la Provincia de Cordoba. Ministerio de Agua, Ambiente y Servicios Publicos.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Castelló, Edgar. Ministerio de Agua, Ambiente y Servicios Públicos. - Gobierno de la Provincia de Cordoba. Ministerio de Agua, Ambiente y Servicios Publicos.; ArgentinaFil: Brarda, Juan Pablo. Ministerio de Agua, Ambiente y Servicios Públicos. - Gobierno de la Provincia de Cordoba. Ministerio de Agua, Ambiente y Servicios Publicos.; Argentin

Forest hydrology in Chile: Past, present, and future

This paper reviews the current knowledge of hydrological processes in Chilean temperate forests which extend along western South America from latitude 29° S to 56 ° S. This geographic region includes a diverse range of natural and planted forests and a broad sweep of vegetation, edaphic, topographic, geologic, and climatic settings which create a unique natural laboratory. Many local communities, endangered freshwater ecosystems, and downstream economic activities in Chile rely on water flows from forested catchments. This review aims to (i) provide a comprehensive overview of Chilean forest hydrology, to (ii) review prior research in forest hydrology in Chile, and to (iii) identify knowledge gaps and provide a vision for future research on forest hydrology in Chile. We reviewed the relation between native forests, commercial plantations, and other land uses on water yield and water quality from the plot to the catchment scale. Much of the global understanding of forests and their relationship with the water cycle is in line with the findings of the studies reviewed here. Streamflow from forested catchments increases after timber harvesting, native forests appear to use less water than plantations, and streams draining native forest yield less sediment than streams draining plantations or grassland/shrublands. We identified 20 key knowledge gaps such as forest groundwater systems, soil–plant-atmosphere interactions, native forest hydrology, and the effect of forest management and restoration on hydrology. Also, we found a paucity of research in the northern geographic areas and forest types (35-36 ° S); most forest hydrology studies in Chile (56 %) have been conducted in the southern area (Los Rios Region around 39-40 ° S). There is limited knowledge of the geology and soils in many forested areas and how surface and groundwater are affected by changes in land cover. There is an opportunity to advance our understanding using process-based investigations linking field studies and modeling. Through the establishment of a forest hydrology science “society” to coordinate efforts, regional and national-scale land use planning might be supported. Our review ends with a vision to advance a cross-scale collaborative effort to use new nation-wide catchment-scale networks Long-term Ecosystem Research (LTER) sites, to promote common and complementary techniques in these studies, and to conduct transdisciplinary research to advance sound and integrated planning of forest lands in Chile

Ulmus laevis in the Iberian Peninsula: a review of its ecology and conservation

European white elm (Ulmus laevis Pallas) populations are scarce, small and fragmented in the Iberian Peninsula. Due to these characteristics the indigenous status of the species in the region has been questioned, whilst the species? role in Iberian riparian forest ecology has been neglected. Herein we review past studies regarding this species? distribution and ecology in the Iberian Peninsula, with special emphasis on the establishment of conservation priorities. We first present a collection of palaeogeographic, historic and genetic data suggesting that the Iberian Peninsula was a glacial refuge for U. laevis. Secondly, we analyse U. laevis distribution in relation to soil physico- chemical properties and water availability in Spain. Following this, we focus on the reproductive biology of the species, and investigate the effect of masting and empty seed production on predation and regeneration establishment. Finally, based on this knowledge, we propose conservation policies for U. laevis in the Iberian Peninsula

Producción de semillas de alfalfa (Medicago sativa) en el VBRC. Mitigación de la contaminación con transgenes

La contaminación de las semillas de alfalfa con variedades transgénicas o genéticamente modificadas (GM) preocupa a los semilleros instalados en el Valle Bonaerense del río Colorado (VBRC). En función de los últimos diagnósticos realizados, resultará muy difícil lograr que las semillas se encuentren completamente libres de impurezas GM. En este informe se describen las posibles fuentes de contaminación, para delinear estrategias de manejo a nivel de lote y de gestión a escala predial para evitar o minimizar la contaminación con transgenes. Se propone emplear un método de detección fenotípico/proteico específico desarrollado en el INTA Hilario Ascasubi para realizar controles de contaminación en diferentes instancias del entramado productivo comercial. El enfoque de organización por “barrios de producción” requiere una participación colaborativa de los actores de la cadena, pero a su vez presenta una oportunidad única para la valorización de la producción generada en la región. Se recomienda el establecimiento de umbrales de tolerancia de contaminantes GM para la producción de semilla de alfalfa convencional.EEA Hilario AscasubiFil: Renzi Pugni, Juan Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Renzi Pugni, Juan Pablo. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Flavia Carina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Crisanti, Paola Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Graciela Adriana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Bruna, Matias Nicolas. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Quintana, Matias. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Omar Juan. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Vanzolini, Juan Ignacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Vanzolini, Juan Ignacio. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Coito, Carlos. Southern Seeds S.A.; ArgentinaFil: Ancia, V. Southern Seeds S.A.; ArgentinaFil: Guasch, P. Guasch Semillas; ArgentinaFil: Arditti, S. Guasch Semillas; ArgentinaFil: Gaido, E. Municipalidad de Patagones; ArgentinaFil: Cantamutto, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi; ArgentinaFil: Cantamutto, Miguel Angel. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Cantamutto, Miguel Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida; ArgentinaFil: Cantamutto, Miguel Angel. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida; Argentin