Comunidad liquénica de un bosque en peligro de extinción,con diferentes situaciones de manejo en el centro de Argentina

Se ha estudiado la comunidad de líquenes de un bosque nativo de Espinal de 300 ha bajo diferentes tipos de manejo definidos en sectores: pastoreo temporal, cultivos adyacentes, ajardinado y conservado. Se seleccionaron 20 árboles en cada sector, identificamos todas las especies liquénicas y medimos su cobertura en grillas de 0.2 x 0.2 m. Comparamos la diversidad alfa y beta y también la cobertura por sector, usando los test de kruskal-Wallis y Mann-Whitney U. Además aplicamos un Procedimiento de Respuesta Múltiple por Permutación, un análisis multivariado de Escalamiento Multidimensional No métrico y un Análisis Indicador de Especies para probar asociaciones. Encontramos 34 especies de líquenes. Physciaceae fue la familia dominante en la comunidad. La cobertura total de especies fue alta en el sector con pastoreo temporal y menor en el sector conservado. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la diversidad alfa entre sectores; sin embargo, la diversidad beta fue mayor en el conservado. Los análisis multivariados mostraron también que diferentes manejos determinan cambios en la composición de la comunidad.We studied a lichen community from 300 ha of native Espinal forest under different types of management, classified into the following sectors: temporary grazing, adjacent crops, landscaped, and conserved. We observed 20 trees in each sector, identified lichen species and measured coverage in grids of 0.2 x 0.2 m. We compared alpha and beta diversity plus coverage by sector using the kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. We also applied a Multiple Response Permutation Procedure, a Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling multivariate analysis and the Indicator Species Analysis to test associations. We found 34 species of lichens. Physciaceae was the dominant family in the community. Total lichen coverage was highest in the temporary grazing sector and lowest in the conserved sector. No significant differences were found in alpha diversity among sectors; however, beta diversity was higher in the conserved sector. Multivariate analysis also showed that different management practices determine changes in community composition.Fil: Filippini, Edith Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Estrabou, Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables; Argentin

A Note on the Estimation of the Hölder Constant

In this article, we develop a nonparametric estimator for the Hölder constant of a density function. We consider a simulation study to evaluate the performance of the proposal and construct smooth bootstrap confidence intervals. Also, we give a brief review over the impossibility to decide whether a density function is Hölder.Fil: Henry, Guillermo Sebastian. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Daniela Andrea. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Sued, Raquel Mariela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Cross-national validation of the resources depletion-recovery model: An empirical study of Spanish and British theme park employees

Surface acting (SA) refers to the strategy whereby front-line employees hide their own emotions and fake those required of them within their role within customer service transactions. Although researchers have associated SA with burnout, evidence now suggests that this could be an indirect relationship. Building on the Conservation of Resources theory, it was hypothesised that the combined effect of emotional effort and lack of rewarding interactions with customers triggered by SA would explain the strong association between SA and burnout (Studies 1 and 2). Furthermore, building on psychological recovery literature, it was hypothesised that the effort invested in SA would be a weaker predictor of front-line employees’ burnout in cases when they reported higher levels of recovery ability as opposed to lower levels (Study 2). A cross-national and cross-sectional design was used, and participants were theme park employees from UK (Study 1, NUK =204) and Spain (Study 2, NSpain=211). The explanatory role of emotional effort and rewarding interactions was supported, and the buffering effect of recovery ability was confirmed. Strategies aimed at minimising burnout risk for employees who deal with customers on a regular basis in these countries are discussed

A Modular Graduate Course in Christian Leadership with an Emphasis on Servant Leadership for the Inter-American Adventist Theological Seminary (IATS)

Problem An issue of major concern in Adventist universities in the territory of the Inter- American Division is the lack of training in the subject of leadership at the undergraduate level. The curriculum focuses more on the biblical and spiritual areas, while it neglects to offer those classes that develop leadership skills. Since pastors are the model leaders for their congregations, this course on Christian leadership, with an emphasis on the servant-model, will help to train pastors in this area, hopefully coping with the current leadership training deficiency. Method A theoretical foundation was established for suggesting and developing a servant leadership course for the Inter-American Adventist Theological Seminary. This foundation was based on biblical, theological research and on the current leadership literature. Backward Design (Wiggins and McTighe) was used for the development of the Servant Leadership model course. Results There are no tangible results since this modular course has not been implemented. It was designed in the context of an in-residence cohort in leadership. However, there is a notable example of those who apply the servant-leadership model in their ministry. The perfect example was Jesus who chose twelve men (including some who had no academic degrees) and, in three and a half years of public ministry, He prepared them to lead the world. Similarly, strengthening the leadership of our church leaders as they follow the model Jesus taught and apply it to their ministry is the aim of this course. Conclusion The emphasis of the Christian leadership course on the servant-leadership model will be an important tool for all the leaders of the Inter-American Division. The servantleadership model has been challenging the old leadership paradigm for more than 40 decades. Even though several scholars have suggested that this model is only for Christian environments, the paradox is that secular leaders are using this model more than Christian leaders. This model has demonstrated that everybody engages in the organization mission, vision, and goals and, as a result, the organization develops and grows faster and stronger because the motto is about service and serving others first. The model of servant-leadership as Jesus taught us is still the leadership of excellence. Christian leaders of this new millennium have been called to accept and face with love, faith, humility, and service the challenge of our world today in all its aspects: social, economic, political, and religious

Cross-cultural comparison of Spanish and British “service-with-a-smile” outcomes

PurposeEmployees working in the leisure service industry are required to show positive emotions when dealing with customers. However, empirical evidence confirms that faking emotions can lead to burnout. In contrast, employees that try to experience the emotions required by the role (i.e. deep acting (DA)) can lead to healthier outcomes. However, little is known about the process that underpins the link between DA and positive outcomes. Building on Côte’s social interaction model of emotion regulation and evidence linking customer satisfaction and DA, it was hypothesized that DA would be associated with employees’ self-actualization through customer interactions. This, in turn, was expected to explain the influence that DA has on relevant job attitudes (i.e. commitment, efficacy, turnover intentions). The model was tested in two countries with different emotional culture: Spain (i.e. impulsive) and the UK (i.e. institutional). Although UK was expected to report higher levels of effortful DA, the hypothesized process was expected to be the same. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachA cross-national design with theme park employees from Spain (n = 208) and UK (n = 204) was used. Hypotheses were tested with multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. FindingsThe relationship between job commitment and DA was mediated by self-actualization, and commitment partially explained the association between DA and professional efficacy in both countries. The impulsive-oriented country showed lower levels of DA and more positive job attitudes.Originality/valueIt is concluded that training employees to re-interpret costume

Development and cross-national validation of the Emotional Effort Scale (EEF)

Background: Researchers define Emotional Labour (EL) as the effort associated with meeting the emotional requirements of the job, yet nobody has ever directly tested this effort. Building on classic stress and ego depletion theory, this study develops the Emotional Effort Scale (EEF). Methods: In Study 1, exploratory (N = 197) and confirmatory factor analysis (N = 182) were conducted with a British sample. In Study 2, the instrument was adapted to Spanish and measurement invariance was tested (N = 304). In Study 3, (N = 185), we tested convergent and divergent validity with the EL strategies (i.e., surface acting and deep acting) and the relationship between EEF and emotional exhaustion. Results: The final scale is a two-dimensional measure (explicit and implicit emotional effort) with good reliability levels in all samples (N = 818). Additionally, it shows adequate convergent, divergent and nomological validity. Conclusions: The Emotional Effort construct adds unique value to the literature. Thus, explicit effort seems to be the mechanism that explains the association between EL and exhaustion. Additionally, this study adapts and translates the measure to two of the most used languages in the world, enabling the emergence of cross-national studies in the field of emotions at work