Selection and publication of network interface cards in multihomed pervasive computing devices

Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Workshop on Middleware and system support for pervasive computing, march 21-25, 2011, Seattle, USAMany modern devices come with several, heterogeneous, network interface cards (NICs). However, simple operations like transferring data flows to the cheapest NIC or to one with enough Quality of Service (QoS) are awkward tasks on most Operating Systems. In this paper, we discuss the criteria to select the proper NIC for a given data flow. We also present a new Operating System service, called netqos, to publish data and figures of merit for these criteria. The main objective of netqos is providing relevant information to applications and middleware about NIC selection criteria, isolating them from the idiosyncrasies of the many QoS gathering tools and allowing to choose the proper NIC to fit their needs. We have built this new service as a synthetic file system for the Linux kernel. We describe our experiences in using it in a real-world scenario and the practical and inherent limitations of this approachProyecto CCG10-UC3M/TIC-4992 de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid y la Universidad Carlos III de Madri

Synthesis and characterization of Co3O4 nanoparticles for use as pigments in solar absorbing paints

This aim of this research is to produce Co3O4 oxide by means of one-step solution novel combustion methods usingaspatic acid (C4H7NO4); lysine (C6H14N2O2); tris (hydroximethyl) aminomethane (NH2C (CH2OH)3) and ethylene diaminetetra-acetic acid (C10H16N2O8) as fuels. The pigments were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning andtransmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform and UV-VIS-IR Spectrophotometry.The paint based on alkyd resin was made from pigments obtained (Co3O4 oxide). In order to make a comparison of thethermal emittance of the paint, two different formulations were prepared and these coating are named "absorbent paintcoating": one that included 1% by weight of aluminum in metallic powder and another, with 1% of copper in metallicpowder, respectively. The solar absorbance for the Co3O4 powders, plus quartz cuvette, gave a value of 0.9 in all cases.An extraordinary value of absorption on the coatings between 95 and 96% was noted. These results suggested that thesynthesis of combustion in solution makes it possible to obtain a Co3O4 absorbent pigment with different fuels.These syntheses have a low environmental impact because they are one-step processes. All use low amounts of reactiveash obtained at a calcination of about 500 °C. These results suggest the possibility of utilizing this oxide in absorbentsolar paints.Fil: Gardey Merino, María Celeste. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Mendoza. Grupo CLIOPE. Energía, Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez Ibarra, Mariana Estela. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Mendoza. Grupo CLIOPE. Energía, Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable; ArgentinaFil: Lascalea, Gustavo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Vazquez, Patricia Graciela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; Argentin

Combustion synthesis of Co-Cu-Mn oxides deploying different fuels

Ternary spinel-like oxides such as CuFeMnO4, CoCuMnOxand CuCr2O4are attractive materials due to their absorbent properties when used as pigments for selective surfaces thus improving solar heaters efficiency. These materials are obtained through sol-gel and sol-gel-combustion methods. This work proposes the synthesis of mixed oxides of Co, Cu and Mn by means of original one-step stoichiometric combustion methods starting from Mn(NO3)2,Co(NO3)26H2O, Cu(NO3)23H2O and Aspartic acid (Asp) or Lysine(Lys) as fuels. The resulting ashes after the combustion were calcined at 500 °C. The obtained ashes and the calcined powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and by Brunauer–Emmett– Teller method (BET), and TG-DTA analysis. In calcined powders obtained with Lys (CoCuMnOx-Lys), the phase corresponding to CoCuMnOxand others segregated phases were identified. However, in calcined powders obtained with Asp (CoCuMnOx-Asp) only the phase corresponding to CoCuMnOxwas identified. The sample CoCuMnOx-Lys presented an average crystallite size of 44 nm and a specific surface area of 23 m2/g while in CoCuMnOx-Asp, 54 nm and 13 m2/g values were obtained throughout FT-IR vibrational modes associated with spinel metallic oxides for both calcined powders (Asp and Lys) were observed. Additionally, by means of TEM, polyhedral particles with an average size of 20 to 100 nm were observed. In particular, it was determined in CoCuMnOx-Lys an average size of 44nm. According to the different fuels used (Asp and Lys), an evident variation in the obtained phases was observed. However, it was not obtained any difference in crystallite size and specific area surface values. It is of considerable importance the study of further syntheses processes to verify this trend.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada

Combustion synthesis of Co-Cu-Mn oxides deploying different fuels

Ternary spinel-like oxides such as CuFeMnO4, CoCuMnOxand CuCr2O4are attractive materials due to their absorbent properties when used as pigments for selective surfaces thus improving solar heaters efficiency. These materials are obtained through sol-gel and sol-gel-combustion methods. This work proposes the synthesis of mixed oxides of Co, Cu and Mn by means of original one-step stoichiometric combustion methods starting from Mn(NO3)2,Co(NO3)26H2O, Cu(NO3)23H2O and Aspartic acid (Asp) or Lysine(Lys) as fuels. The resulting ashes after the combustion were calcined at 500 °C. The obtained ashes and the calcined powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and by Brunauer–Emmett– Teller method (BET), and TG-DTA analysis. In calcined powders obtained with Lys (CoCuMnOx-Lys), the phase corresponding to CoCuMnOxand others segregated phases were identified. However, in calcined powders obtained with Asp (CoCuMnOx-Asp) only the phase corresponding to CoCuMnOxwas identified. The sample CoCuMnOx-Lys presented an average crystallite size of 44 nm and a specific surface area of 23 m2/g while in CoCuMnOx-Asp, 54 nm and 13 m2/g values were obtained throughout FT-IR vibrational modes associated with spinel metallic oxides for both calcined powders (Asp and Lys) were observed. Additionally, by means of TEM, polyhedral particles with an average size of 20 to 100 nm were observed. In particular, it was determined in CoCuMnOx-Lys an average size of 44nm. According to the different fuels used (Asp and Lys), an evident variation in the obtained phases was observed. However, it was not obtained any difference in crystallite size and specific area surface values. It is of considerable importance the study of further syntheses processes to verify this trend.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada

Analysis of location prediction performance of LZ algorithms using GSM Cell-based location data

Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium of Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence (UCAMI 2011), December 5-8th, 2011, Riviera Maya, MexicoPredictions about users' next locations allow bringing forward their future context, thus having additional time to react. To make such predictions, algorithms capable of learning mobility patterns and estimating the next location are needed. This work is focused on making the predictions on mobile terminals, thus resource consumption being an important constraint. Among the predictors with low resource consumption, the family of LZ algorithms has been chosen to study their performance, analyzing the results drawn from processing location records of 95 users. The main contribution is to divide the algorithms into two phases, thus being possible to use the best combination to obtain better prediction accuracy or lower resource consumption.Proyecto CCG10-UC3M/TIC-4992 de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid y la Universidad Carlos III de Madri

Studies on structural, morphological, and optical properties of Cr2O3 nanoparticles: Synthesized via one step combustion process by different fuels

Esta investigación presenta un nuevo método de síntesis de un solo paso para obtener Cr2O3 nanoestructurado a partir de una solución de nitrato de cromo y un combustible como ácido aspártico, o lisina, o trihidroximetilaminometano, o etilendiaminotetraacético. Una vez obtenido los polvos fueron calcinados a 500ºC. Luego se caracterizaron mediante difracción de rayos X (DRX), microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB), microscopía electrónica de transmisión (TEM), espectroscopía infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), espectroscopía por UV-Visible y técnicas de Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). Estos polvos serán utilizados en superficies absorbedoras como cermts o pinturas selectivas solares. En las cenizas y los polvos calcinados obtenidos se identificó la estructura cristalina del Cr2O3, correspondiente al sistema romboédrico y al grupo espacial R-3c. El tamaño promedio de cristalita de los productos obtenidos estuvo entre 29 y 45 nm, donde para las cenizas el tamaño fue menor en comparación a los polvos obtenidos para todos los combustibles utilizados. Es probable que para un incremento de la temperatura el tamaño de cristalita crezca. Un área específica de 167 m2 /g fue determinada para las cenizas obtenidas con ácido aspártico. Este fue el mayor valor observado en la literatura específica y podría utilizarse para reacciones de catálisis, mientras que el resto de los valores obtenidos para las cenizas fue mayor en comparación a los polvos calcinados para todos los combustibles. El tamaño promedio de partícula observado a través de TEM resultó entre 50 y 100 nm aproximadamente. La energía de Band Gap determinada resultó entre 3.055 eV y 3.078 eV, esta variable aumenta suavemente con la temperatura de calcinación. Para confirmar esta tendencia se deberían realizar mayor cantidad de experimentos.This research presents a novel one-step solution combustion synthesis to obtain nano-structured Cr2O3 from chrome nitrate solution and one fuel such as aspartic acid (Asp) or Lysine (Lys), or trihydroxymethylamino methane (Tris) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Edta). Once obtained, the ashes were calcined at 500°C. The powders were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR), UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-VIS) spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques. These powders will be used in solar absorbing surfaces: in composites (o cermets) and painted coatings. Within the obtained ashes and calcined powders, it was identified a Cr2O3 crystalline structure corresponding to the rhombohedral system and to the R-3c spatial group. The average crystallite size was determined for ashes and calcined powders, this value was in nanometric range between 29 and 45 nm, where for ashes were in general minor than calcined powders in all cases. It is probable that with an increment of the temperature, crystallite size would grow. A specific area of 167 m2/g was determined for asp-ashes. This was a highest value observed in specific literature and it could be used in catalysis reactions, while the area values of ashes was higher than calcined powders value for each fuel. The average particle size observed through TEM resulted in 50 nm to 100 nm approximately. The determined Energy band gap resulted in 3.055eV to 3.078 eV approximately. The Energy band gap slightly increased with calcination temperature. Further trials and investigation will confirm the mentioned tendencies.Fil: Palermo, Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Gardey Merino, María Celeste. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Vazquez, Patricia Graciela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, José A.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Romanelli, Gustavo Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Marina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Lassa, Maria Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentin

Combustion synthesis of Co-Cu-Mn oxides deploying different fuels

Ternary spinel-like oxides such as CuFeMnO4, CoCuMnOxand CuCr2O4are attractive materials due to their absorbent properties when used as pigments for selective surfaces thus improving solar heaters efficiency. These materials are obtained through sol-gel and sol-gel-combustion methods. This work proposes the synthesis of mixed oxides of Co, Cu and Mn by means of original one-step stoichiometric combustion methods starting from Mn(NO3)2,Co(NO3)26H2O, Cu(NO3)23H2O and Aspartic acid (Asp) or Lysine(Lys) as fuels. The resulting ashes after the combustion were calcined at 500 °C. The obtained ashes and the calcined powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and by Brunauer–Emmett– Teller method (BET), and TG-DTA analysis. In calcined powders obtained with Lys (CoCuMnOx-Lys), the phase corresponding to CoCuMnOxand others segregated phases were identified. However, in calcined powders obtained with Asp (CoCuMnOx-Asp) only the phase corresponding to CoCuMnOxwas identified. The sample CoCuMnOx-Lys presented an average crystallite size of 44 nm and a specific surface area of 23 m2/g while in CoCuMnOx-Asp, 54 nm and 13 m2/g values were obtained throughout FT-IR vibrational modes associated with spinel metallic oxides for both calcined powders (Asp and Lys) were observed. Additionally, by means of TEM, polyhedral particles with an average size of 20 to 100 nm were observed. In particular, it was determined in CoCuMnOx-Lys an average size of 44nm. According to the different fuels used (Asp and Lys), an evident variation in the obtained phases was observed. However, it was not obtained any difference in crystallite size and specific area surface values. It is of considerable importance the study of further syntheses processes to verify this trend.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada

Secreted factors by Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells Induce Tumor-Promoting M2-like Macrophage Polarization through a TIM3-Dependent Mechanism

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a highly aggressive type of thyroid cancer (TC). Currently, no effective target treatments are available that can improve overall survival, with ATC representing a major clinical challenge because of its remarkable lethality. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most evident cells in ATCs, and their high density is correlated with a poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms of how TAMs promote ATC progression remain poorly characterized. Here, we demonstrated that the treatment of human monocytes (THP-1 cells) with ATC cell-derived conditioned media (CM) promoted macrophage polarization, showing high levels of M2 markers. Furthermore, we found that STAT3 was activated, and this was correlated with an increased expression and secretion of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. Remarkably, the M2-like macrophages obtained revealed tumor-promoting activity. A cytokine array analysis demonstrated that M2-like macrophage-derived CM contained high levels of TIM3, which is an important immune regulatory molecule. Consistently, TIM3 expression was up-regulated in THP-1 cells cultured with ATC cell-derived CM. Moreover, TIM3 blockade significantly reversed the polarization of THP-1 cells induced by ATC cell-secreted soluble factors. We validated the clinical significance of the TIM3 in human TC by analyzing public datasets and found that the expression of TIM3 and its ligand galectin 9 was significantly higher in human TC tissue samples than in normal thyroid tissues. Taken together, our findings identified a new mechanism by which TIM3 induces tumor-promoting M2-like macrophage polarization in TC. Furthermore, TIM3 interference might be a potential tool for treatment of patients with ATC.Fil: Stempin, Cinthia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Geysels, Romina Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Park, Sunmi. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Palacios, Luz María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Volpini, Ximena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Motran, Claudia Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Acosta Rodriguez, Eva Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Nicola, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Cheng, Sheue Yann. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Pellizas, Claudia Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Fozzatti, Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; Argentin

Residues of Banned and Currently Used Pesticides in Pregnant Women in Northern Patagonia, Argentina: A Pilot Study

La exposición a los plaguicidas organoclorados prohibidos (POCs) y otros de uso actual (PUA) puede ocurrir en sitios de cultivo con control químico de plagas. En las provincias de Río Negro, Neuquén y Patagonia Norte de Argentina, los entornos rurales incluyen cultivos de manzana, pera y frutas finas. El control químico se realizó históricamente con POCs, mientras que actualmente se utilizan PUA. En Argentina, particularmente en esta área, se desconoce el nivel de plaguicidas en la placenta. En este estudio piloto se determinaron las concentraciones de POCs y PUA en mujeres embarazadas residentes en la Patagonia Norte. Se colectaron placentas (n=20), y se registraron los datos de las madres, parámetros antropométricos de los neonatos y de la placenta. Residuos de clorpirifos, trifluralina, clorotalonil, HCHs, HCB, endosulfanes, DDTs, clordanos y heptacloros fueron cuantificados mediante GC-ECD. La concentración total de plaguicidas en las placentas fue 1 425,38 ± 1 659,19 ng/g lip., donde ΣDDTs y clorpirifos superaron niveles reportados en Asia, Europa y África. Clorpirifos se detectó en el 95 % de las muestras (106,17 ± 148,14 ng/g lip). Los niveles de pp´-DDE, endosulfan sulfato, a-clordano y g-HCH se asociaron con un menor índice ponderal de los neonatos. Se encontraron concentraciones significativamente más altas de DDT, pp´-DDE, pp´-DDD y heptacloro epóxido en madres que viven en los entornos rurales frente a los urbanos. Las mujeres embarazadas que viven en la Patagonia Norte están expuestas a una mezcla compleja de pesticidas neurotóxicos que pueden afectar a los recién nacidos a través de la transferencia placentaria.A exposição a pesticidas organoclorados proibidos (POCs) e a outros de uso atual (PUA) pode ocorrer em locais de cultivo com controlo químico de pragas. Nas províncias de Rio Negro, Neuquén e Patagónia Norte Argentina, as zonas rurais incluem o cultivo de maçã, pera e frutas finas. O controlo químico anteriormente realizou-se com POCs, embora atualmente se faça com PUA. Na Argentina, particularmente nesta área, desconhece-se o nível de pesticidas na placenta. Neste estudo piloto determinaramse as concentrações de POCs e PUA em mulheres grávidas residentes na Patagónia Norte. Foram colhidas as placentas (n=20) e registaram-se os dados das mães, os parâmetros antropométricos dos recém-nascidos e das placentas. Resíduos de clorpirifos, trifluralina, clorotalonil, HCHs, HCB, endosulfan, DDTs, clordanos e heptacloros foram quantificados através de GC-ECD. A concentração total de pesticidas nas placentas foi 1 425,38 ± 1 659,19 ng/g lip., onde ΣDDTs y clorpirifos superaram níveis reportados na Ásia, Europa e África. Detetaram-se clorpirifos em 95% das amostras (106,17 ± 148,14 ng/g lip). Os níveis de pp´- DDE, endosulfan sulfato, a-clordano y g-HCH foram associados a um menor índice de peso dos recém-nascidos. Encontraram-se concentrações significativamente mais altas de DDT, pp´-DDE, pp´-DDD y heptacloro epóxido em mães que vivem em ambientes rurais versus urbanos. As mulheres grávidas que vivem na Patagónia Norte estão expostas a uma mistura complexa de pesticidas neurotóxicos que podem afetar recém-nascidos através da transferência placentária.Exposure to banned organochlorine pesticides (BOCPs) and other currently used pesticides (CUPs) can occur at farming sites subjected to chemical pest control. Apple, pear and fine fruit crops are grown in the rural areas of the Río Negro, Neuquén Provinces and Northern Patagonia, Argentina. Chemical control was historically carried out using BOCPs, while now CUPs are used. In Argentina, particularly in this area, the level of pesticides in the placenta is unknown. In this pilot study, BOCP and CUP concentrations were determined in pregnant women living in Northern Patagonia. Placentas were collected (n=20), and maternal data and neonatal and placental anthropometric parameters were recorded. Residues of chlorpyrifos, trifluralin, chlorothalonil, HCHs, HCB, endosulfans, DDTs, chlordane and heptachlor were quantified by GC-ECD. The total concentration of pesticides in the placentas was 1 425.38 ± 1 659.19 ng/g lip, where ΣDDTs and chlorpyrifos exceed the levels reported in Asia, Europe and Africa. Chlorpyrifos was detected in 95% of the samples (106.17 ± 148.14 ng/g lip). The levels of pp´-DDE, endosulfan sulfate, a-chlordane and g-HCH were associated with a lower neonatal mass index. Significantly higher concentrations of DDT, pp´-DDE, pp´-DDD and heptachlor-epoxide were found in mothers living in rural areas versus urban areas. Pregnant women living in northern Patagonia are exposed to a complex mixture of neurotoxic pesticides that can affect newborns through placental transfer.Fil: Rodriguez, Piuque Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue. Laboratorio de Investigaciones Bioquímicas y Químicas del Ambiente | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue. Laboratorio de Investigaciones Bioquímicas y Químicas del Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Berta Emma. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Miglioranza, Karina Silvia Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Muntaner, María Celeste. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Ondarza, Paola Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Guiñazu Alaniz, Natalia Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue. Laboratorio de Investigaciones Bioquímicas y Químicas del Ambiente | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue. Laboratorio de Investigaciones Bioquímicas y Químicas del Ambiente; Argentin

Aplicación de la tecnología de irradiación gamma para garantizar la inocuidad y preservar la calidad de arándanos cv Emerald

Póster y resumen extendidoBlueberries are usually marketed without any type of washing so as not to affect the integrity of the fruit, which is why they are susceptible to contamination with pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. The application of gamma irradiation would ensure the safety of fresh blueberries, without altering their quality. The objective of the present work was to determine the dose of gamma irradiation capable of achieving a reduction (5 log) in the counts of STEC O157:H7 and Salmonella spp inoculated in fresh blueberries. Also, the effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated during refrigerated storage (1, 7, 14 and 21 days, 4±1 °C). A dose response curve was established to determine the D10 value of each pathogenic microorganism (0.2 KGy, 0.4 KGy, 0.6 KGy, 0.8 KGy and 1 KGy) and thus define the minimum dose that guarantees the safety of the product. Then, the maximum irradiation dose was calculated (minimum dose affected by a factor of 1.5, due to volumetric dose dispersion in industrial application) and the product quality was analyzed (analysis of physicochemical parameters and polyphenoloxidase activity ). The D10 values ​​obtained for STEC O157:H7 and Salmonella spp were 0.25±0.02 KGy and 0.28±0.01 KGy, respectively. The minimum dose was calculated based on the largest D10 times the target log reductions (D10 x 5 log), resulting in a dose of 1.4 KGy. For validation, samples of fresh blueberries inoculated with STEC O157:H7 and Salmonella spp were subjected to that dose and it was observed that the inactivation of the microorganisms did not present a linear behavior with respect to the irradiation dose, observing, in both cases, a reduction of 3 log. Regarding the maximum dose (1.4 KGy x 1.5= 2.1 KGy), the results showed that the moisture content, soluble solids, pH and optical properties were not affected. However, a significant decrease in titratable acidity and mechanical properties was observed in the irradiated samples. Regarding polyphenoloxidase, a significant increase in its activity was observed after treatment. During storage,The moisture content, soluble solids and optical properties of the irradiated and non-irradiated samples remained stable. The irradiated samples presented a significant increase in acidity and a significant decrease in pH only on day 7. With respect to the mechanical properties, on day 21, the irradiated and non-irradiated samples presented a significant decrease in firmness and only in the Without irradiation, a significant increase in skin elasticity was observed. The polyphenoloxidase enzyme presented a significant increase in its activity, both in irradiated and non-irradiated samples until day 14. From the results obtained, it is concluded that to guarantee the safety of blueberries, a gamma irradiation dose greater than 1 is required. .4 KGy, but it should be less than 2.1 KGy to prevent a negative impact on the mechanical properties and enzymatic activity of fresh blueberries. // Resumen: Los arándanos usualmente son comercializados sin ningún tipo de lavado para no afectar la integridad del fruto, por lo que son susceptibles a la contaminación con microorganismos patógenos y alteradores. La aplicación de irradiación gamma permitiría garantizar la inocuidad de los arándanos frescos, sin alterar su calidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la dosis de irradiación gamma capaz de lograr una reducción (5 log) de los recuentos de STEC O157:H7 y Salmonella spp inoculados en arándanos frescos. También, se evaluó la efectividad del tratamiento durante el almacenamiento refrigerado (1, 7, 14 y 21 días, 4±1 °C). Se estableció una curva dosis respuesta para determinar el valor D10 de cada microorganismo patógeno (0,2 KGy, 0,4 KGy, 0,6 KGy, 0,8 KGy y 1 KGy) y así definir la dosis mínima que garantice la inocuidad del producto. Luego, se calculó la dosis máxima de irradiación (dosis mínima afectada por un factor de 1,5, debido a la dispersión volumétrica de dosis en la aplicación industrial) y se analizó la calidad del producto (análisis de parámetros fisicoquímicos y actividad de la polifenoloxidasa). Los valores D10 obtenidos para STEC O157:H7 y Salmonella spp fueron 0,25±0,02 KGy y 0,28±0,01 KGy, respectivamente. La dosis mínima se calculó en base al D10 mayor por las reducciones logarítmicas objetivo (D10 x 5 log), dando como resultado una dosis de 1,4 KGy. Para su validación, muestras de arándanos frescos inoculadas con STEC O157:H7 y Salmonella spp fueron sometidos a esa dosis y se observó que la inactivación de los microorganismos no presentó un comportamiento lineal con respecto a la dosis de irradiación, observándose, en ambos casos, una reducción de 3 log. Con respecto a la dosis máxima (1,4 KGy x 1,5= 2,1 KGy), los resultados mostraron que el contenido de humedad, sólidos solubles, pH y propiedades ópticas no fueron afectados. Sin embargo, se observó una disminución significativa de la acidez titulable y las propiedades mecánicas en las muestras irradiadas. En lo que respecta a la polifenoloxidasa, se observó un incremento significativo de su actividad luego del tratamiento. Durante el almacenamiento, el contenido de humedad, sólidos solubles y propiedades ópticas de las muestras irradiadas y sin irradiar se mantuvieron estables. Las muestras irradiadas presentaron un incremento significativo de la acidez y una disminución significativa del pH solo al día 7. Con respecto a las propiedades mecánicas, al día 21, las muestras irradiadas y sin irradiar presentaron una disminución significativa en la firmeza y solo en las muestras sin irradiar se observó un aumento significativo de la elasticidad de la piel. La enzima polifenoloxidasa presentó un incremento significativo de su actividad, tanto en muestras irradiadas como sin irradiar hasta el día 14. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que para garantizar la inocuidad de los arándanos se requiere una dosis de irradiación gamma mayor a 1,4 KGy, pero que debería ser menor a 2,1 KGy para prevenir un impacto negativo sobre la propiedades mecánicas y actividad enzimática de los arándanos frescosInstituto de Investigación de Tecnología de Alimentos (ITA)Fil: Rodriguez Racca, Anabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina.Fil: Rodriguez Racca, Anabel. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables (ICyTeSAS) UEDD INTA-CONICET; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez Racca, Anabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Fernandez, Mariano Manuel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina.Fil: Fernandez, Mariano Manuel. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables (ICyTeSAS) UEDD INTA-CONICET; ArgentinaFil: Cap, Mariana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina.Fil: Cap, Mariana. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables (ICyTeSAS) UEDD INTA-CONICET; Argentina.Fil: Pesquero, Natalia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina.Fil: Pesquero, Natalia. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables (ICyTeSAS) UEDD INTA-CONICET; Argentina.Fil: Cingolani, María Celeste. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA); Argentina.Fil: Lires, Carla. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA); Argentina.Fil: Rocha, Verónica Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina.Fil: Rocha, Verónica Beatriz. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables (ICyTeSAS) UEDD INTA-CONICET; ArgentinaFil: Galeano, Fabiana Solange. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina.Fil: Galeano, Fabiana Solange. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables (ICyTeSAS) UEDD INTA-CONICET; ArgentinaFil: Pannunzio, Alejandro. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina.Fil: Vaudagna, Sergio Ramon. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina.Fil: Vaudagna, Sergio Ramon. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Sistemas Alimentarios Sustentables (ICyTeSAS) UEDD INTA-CONICET; ArgentinaFil: Vaudagna, Sergio Ramon. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina