Determined and declared centesimal composition of frozen cheese breads of different brands.

O pão de queijo é um produto que apresenta ótima aceitação e a venda de massas congeladas promove maior praticidade e disseminação do produto. O presente estudo visou determinar a composição centesimal e comparar com os teores de macronutrientes e valor calórico contidos nos rótulos de pães de queijo congelados. Foram analisados pães provenientes de 6 marcas. A umidade foi determinada até obtenção de peso constante em estufa a 105 °C e o teor de cinzas após calcinação das amostras em mufla a 550 °C. O teor de lipídios foi obtido por extração a frio e a concentração de proteínas pelo método Micro-Kjeldahl. Os carboidratos foram calculados por diferença e o valor calórico total de acordo com os fatores de conversão de Atwater. Os pães de queijo analisados apresentaram elevada umidade e teores de cinzas condizentes com o relatado na literatura. Em relação aos macronutrientes, destacaram-se os carboidratos e lipídeos. Conforme os dados obtidos, pode-se caracterizar o pão de queijo como um produto de elevado valor calórico. Apesar da discordância entre os resultados determinados e os declarados, essa comparação deve ser feita com cautela devido à ausência de informações sobre os métodos utilizados na determinação dos constituintes dos rótulos.Cheese bread is a product that presents great acceptance and the sale of frozen pastas promotes greater convenience and product dissemination. The current study aimed to determine the centesimal composition and to compare with the macronutrient and caloric content contained in the labels of frozen cheese loaves. Breads from 6 brands were analyzed. The moisture was determined until constant oven weight at 105 ° C and the ash content after calcination of the samples in muffle at 550 ° C. The lipid content was obtained by cold extraction and protein concentration by Micro-Kjeldahl method. Carbohydrates were calculated by difference and the total caloric value according to the Atwater conversion factors. The cheese breads analyzed presented high humidity and ash content consistent with that reported in the literature. In relation to the macronutrients, the carbohydrates and lipids were highlighted. According to the data obtained, it is possible to characterize cheese bread as a product of high calorific value. Despite the discrepancy between the results determined and those declared, this comparison should be made with caution because of the lack of information on the methods used to determine the constituents of the labels

Desenvolvimento de um “nugget” à base do resíduo da acerola (Malpighia emarginata D.C) e feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L.)/ Development of a nugget based on the acerola residue (Malpighia emarginata D.C) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)

O presente trabalho objetivou elaborar um “nugget” utilizando o resíduo de acerola e o feijão-caupi. Este foi realizado na Universidade Federal do Piauí, no laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Produtos e Análise Sensorial de Alimentos, utilizando uma quantidade de 109 assessores sensoriais. Analisou-se a aceitação do produto por meio dos testes Escala Hedônica, Intenção de Compra e a caracterização deste por meio da Análise Descritiva Quantitativa-ADQ. Observou-se que 95,4% assessores sensoriais avaliaram o produto desenvolvido com notas de aceitação (6 a 9). A análise dos resultados não mostrou diferença significativa (p > 0,05). No teste Intenção de Compra 88% dos assessores sensoriais atribuíram notas 4 (provavelmente compraria) e 5 (certamente compraria). Nos resultados do teste discriminativo Pareado de Preferência, foi possível observar que a preferência pelo produto desenvolvido foi similar à preferência pelo produto padrão. Concluiu-se que o “nugget” desenvolvido obteve ótima aceitação sensorial, pois não observou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa no teste Pareado de Preferência, quando comparado ao “nugget” padrão, já comercializado e com ótima aceitação no mercado

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

EFFECT OF THERMAL PROCESSING ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF COWPEA CULTIVARS

This study aimed to determine the effect of cooking on the centesimal compositions, the content of bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities in beans of the cowpea cultivars. The beans were cooked without soaking (1:5 w/v) in a pressure cooker for 780 seconds. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test to determine the difference between means of raw and cooked beans. One-way ANOVA: post-hoc Tukey’s test was applied at 5% to compare the data of the cultivars. Significant difference (p 0.05) was noted between the moisture contents of samples, with values ranging from 10.69 to 11.37% in the raw beans and 63.32 to 75.43% in the cooked ones. Only BRS Marataoã showed a slight reduction (1.24%) in the energy value. The total polyphenol content in cooked beans decreased on discarding the broth. BRS Marataoã showed the highest levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids in raw beans, cooked beans, and broth. The raw beans of the cultivar BRS Itaim had greater content of condensed tannins and total anthocyanins. The raw beans, cooked beans, and broth showed statistically significant differences between their antioxidant activities, and the best results were found in the samples not subjected to thermal processing, particularly in BRS Marataoã. In conclusion, cooking influenced the concentration of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of the beans. Therefore, it is recommended that cooked cowpea beans should be consumed with the cooking broth for optimization of antioxidants

Effect of thermal processing on total polyphenol content in the grain of cowpea cultivars

ABSTRACT Cowpea grain is noteworthy due to its functional properties, which are probably a result of the synergistic action of its nutrients and bioactive compounds. Since these compounds undergo the effects of thermal processing, the aim of the present study was to verify the influence of cooking on the total polyphenol content of the grain of cowpea cultivars. Samples were obtained from the experimental area of Embrapa Meio-Norte, located at 5°5' S and 42°48' W, at an altitude of 72 metres. Meal (0.5 mesh) resulting from the raw grain being ground in a cyclone rotor mill (Tecnal model TE-651/2-T), and cooked beans (with no maceration, at a bean to water ratio of 1:5 (w/v), cooked in a domestic pressure cooker (2 L) for 780 seconds) were stored in airtight containers under refrigeration (8 °C) for analysis, which was carried out in triplicate. Total phenolic content was determined by spectrophotometry (λ = 765 nm), using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. The total phenolic content, mg GAE (gallic acid equivalent)/100g, in the raw grain of the BRS Marataoã, BR 17-Gurguéia, BRS Itaim, BRS Cauamé and BRS Guariba cultivars was 295.23, 255.67, 132.32, 98.14 and 89.43 respectively. After cooking, the content was 405.87, 255.4, 161.71, 127.79 and 111.92 respectively, considering both grain and broth. This rise may have been the result of increased solubilisation and extraction of the compounds, due to the softening or rupture of the plant cells. It was concluded that, considering both grain and broth, the total phenolic content increased after cooking; the BRS Marataoã and BR 17-Gurguéia cultivars showed the highest levels

Cheese bread enriched with biofortified cowpea flour

ABSTRACT The development and enrichment of food are of great importance not only for the industry but also to improve the population's nutrition, where you can create new products or optimize existing ones. The consumption of fortified products in the diet is an option for the control of deficiency diseases. This study aimed to develop enriched cheese bread with whole biofortified cowpea flour and evaluate their acceptance and chemical composition. Two formulations, F1 and F2, were prepared containing 5.6 and 8% of cowpea flour as a substitute for starch, respectively. To check acceptance, three sensory tests were used (Hedonic Scale, Purchase Intent, and Paired Comparison), F1 being sensory viable according to assessors, being chemically analyzed. Minerals were determined by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma source. The moisture was determined by drying at 105 °C, ash by calcination in muffle at 550 °C, proteins by the macro-Kjeldahl method, and lipids by hot extraction in a Soxhlet extractor. Carbohydrates were obtained by difference and the calories were calculated. The addition of cowpea increased the amounts of copper, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and zinc, as well as protein and carbohydrate values. On the other hand, there was a reduction of the moisture concerning lipids and the total caloric value compared to the standard formulation. It was concluded , therefore, that the cowpea, a regional raw material in market expansion is presented as an option for the enrichment of baked foods that do not contain gluten, such as cheese bread

Seminário de Dissertação (2024)

Página da disciplina de Seminário de Dissertação (MPPP, UFPE, 2022) Lista de participantes == https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mrULe1y04yPxHUBaF50jhaM1OY8QYJ3zva4N4yvm198/edit#gid=

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data