In vivo metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids in Sepia officinalis hatchlings

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Diversity of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in honey

Fungi can colonize most of the substrata on Earth. Honey, a sugary food produced by bees (and other insects) has been studied little in terms of its fungal diversity. We have surveyed and evaluated the presence of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in a set of honey bee samples collected from across Spain. From 84 samples, a total of 104 fungal strains were isolated, and morphologically and phylogenetically characterized. We identified 32 species distributed across 16 genera, most of them belonging to the ascomycetous genera Aspergillus, Bettsia, Candida, Eremascus, Monascus, Oidiodendron, Penicillium, Skoua, Talaromyces and Zygosaccharomyces. As a result of this survey, eight new taxa are proposed: i.e. the new family Helicoarthrosporaceae, two new genera, Helicoarthrosporum and Strongyloarthrosporum in Onygenales; three new species of Eurotiales, Talaromyces affinitatimellis, T. basipetosporus, and T. brunneosporus; and two new species of Myxotrichaceae, Oidiodendron mellicola, and Skoua asexualis.Instituto de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación. (México)Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad español CGL2017–88094-

Mutually exclusive signaling signatures define the hepatic and pancreatic progenitor cell lineage divergence

Understanding how distinct cell types arise from multipotent progenitor cells is a major quest in stem cell biology. The liver and pancreas share many aspects of their early development and possibly originate from a common progenitor. However, how liver and pancreas cells diverge from a common endoderm progenitor population and adopt specific fates remains elusive. Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we defined the molecular identity of liver and pancreas progenitors that were isolated from the mouse embryo at two time points, spanning the period when the lineage decision is made. The integration of temporal and spatial gene expression profiles unveiled mutually exclusive signaling signatures in hepatic and pancreatic progenitors. Importantly, we identified the noncanonical Wnt pathway as a potential developmental regulator of this fate decision and capable of inducing the pancreas program in endoderm and liver cells. Our study offers an unprecedented view of gene expression programs in liver and pancreas progenitors and forms the basis for formulating lineage-reprogramming strategies to convert adult hepatic cells into pancreatic cells

Diversidad de ascomicetes termorresistentes de suelo de la provincia de La Rioja, Argentina

Los ascomicetes termorresistentes presentan estructuras tales como ascosporas, clamidosporas y esclerocios, entre otras, que conservan su viabilidad después de haber sido sometidas a choques térmicos (calentamiento mayor a 60 ºC durante minutos a horas). En el presente trabajo se analizó la diversidad de ascomicetes termorresistentes en muestras de suelo de la Provincia de La Rioja, como parte de un estudio sobre la micobiota de suelos áridos del Noroeste argentino. Se recolectaron 39 muestras durante agosto del año 2018. Se transfirieron asépticamente 5 gramos de cada muestra a 100 ml de agar con extracto de malta con cloranfenicol fundido a 75 ºC, temperatura que se mantuvo durante 30 minutos. La suspensión se transfirió a cajas de Petri y, una vez solidificado el medio, éstas fueron incubadas a 30 ºC durante un mes. Para identificar los aislados fúngicos se realizó su caracterización fenotípica. Los caracteres morfológicos se documentaron mediante microscopio de campo claro y electrónico de barrido. Se obtuvieron 111 cepas de 26 muestras (en 13 muestras no hubo desarrollo fúngico). Se identificaron 57 cepas de Aspergillus sección Fumigati, 42 de ellas presentaron holomorfo (ex Neosartorya) y 15 solamente anamorfo. A nivel de especie, se reportan Aspergillus fischeri, A. shendaweii y A. tatenoi. Diferentes especies de los géneros Acremonium, Cladosporium, Hamigera, Leiothecium, Penicillium, Rhizopus y Talaromyces pudieron también ser documentadas. En las condiciones de cultivo estudiadas 37 aislamientos no presentaron esporulación. El presente trabajo es el primero sobre el conocimiento de la diversidad de los ascomicetes termorresistentes de suelo de La Rioja.Fil: Romero, Stella Maris. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Ambrosino, Jorgelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Comerio, Ricardo Mario. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional La Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez Andrade, E.. Universitat Rovira I Virgili; EspañaFil: Stchigel, A. M.. Universitat Rovira I Virgili; EspañaXXXVII Jornadas Argentinas de BotánicaSan Miguel de TucumánArgentinaSociedad Argentina de Botánic

Multifaceted roles of nitric oxide in tomato fruit ripening: NO-induced metabolic rewiring and consequences for fruit quality traits

Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated as part of the ripening regulatory network in fleshy fruits. However, very little is known about the simultaneous action of NO on the network of regulatory events and metabolic reactions behind ripening-related changes in fruit color, taste, aroma and nutritional value. Here, we performed an in-depth characterization of the concomitant changes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit transcriptome and metabolome associated with the delayed-ripening phenotype caused by NO supplementation at the pre-climacteric stage. Approximately one-third of the fruit transcriptome was altered in response to NO, including a multilevel down-regulation of ripening regulatory genes, which in turn restricted the production and tissue sensitivity to ethylene. NO also repressed hydrogen peroxide-scavenging enzymes, intensifying nitro-oxidative stress and S-nitrosation and nitration events throughout ripening. Carotenoid, tocopherol, flavonoid and ascorbate biosynthesis were differentially affected by NO, resulting in overaccumulation of ascorbate (25%) and flavonoids (60%), and impaired lycopene production. In contrast, the biosynthesis of compounds related to tomato taste (sugars, organic acids, amino acids) and aroma (volatiles) was slightly affected by NO. Our findings indicate that NO triggers extensive transcriptional and metabolic rewiring at the early ripening stage, modifying tomato antioxidant composition with minimal impact on fruit taste and aroma.This work was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (grants 2018/16389-8, 2016/04924-0, 2017/17935-3 and 2016/01128-9), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) (grants 422287/2018-0, 305012/2018-5, 303332/2019-0 and 300986/2018-1), and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. The research work of FJC and JMP is supported by a European Regional Development Fund cofinanced grant from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (AGL2015-65104-P and PID2019-103924GB-I00), Spain

CD300a inhibits CD16-mediated NK cell effector functions in HIV-1-infected patients

Natural killer (NK) cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) through CD16 has a critical role in anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) responses. CD300a, an inhibitory receptor highly expressed on NK cells, has the capacity to diminish NK cell killing of pseudorabies-infected cells. CD300a expression is altered during HIV-1 infection on B cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes. In this work, we have investigated in a cross-sectional study the expression and function of CD300a on NK cells from healthy donors, untreated HIV-1 infected subjects and patients on combined antiretroviral treatment (cART). First, we detected an expansion of a CD300a-expressing CD56neg NK cell subset in untreated HIV-1 infected patients. In addition, an association between CD300a expression and other NK cell surface receptors was observed in both healthy and HIV-1 infected people. Notably, we also described that CD300a exerted an inhibitory effect in CD16-mediated effector functions, including degranulation and cytokine production, in all donors and NK cell subsets and, more importantly, this inhibitory effect was higher in HIV-1 infected patients. Therefore, the CD300a inhibitory receptor could be proposed as a new target for therapies aimed to improve NK cells effector functions in HIV-1 infected patients

Mujeres del fuego: Colectivo Colimota

Mujeres del Fuego es un colectivo creado por mujeres originarias de Colima que busca preservar la gastronomía tradicional colimota y ofertar una alternativa única al paladar que ha trascendido por generaciones. Las Mujeres del Fuego se preocupan por mantener técnicas tradicionales de cocina transmitidas por sus ancestros para la elaboración de cada uno de sus platillos. Transforman los productos locales en nuevos sabores y experiencias culinarias en relación a su entorno natural e ingredientes locales.ITESO, A.C

Circuitos Económicos Alternativos

En este documento se plasma la descripción del desarrollo del Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional 3E08 Circuitos Económicos Alternativos, llevado a cabo de enero de 2022 a mayo 2022, en el cual se realizó el diagnóstico, caracterización de la organización,planeación de alternativas a corto, mediano y largo plazo, así como la entrega de los primeros productos como propuestas para la mejora y crecimiento del colectivo. Al ser el primer PAP gestionado en conjunto con el colectivo Mujeres del Fuego, fue necesario invertir tiempo complementario al entendimiento del colectivo tanto de su funcionamiento, organización y participación interna y externa para después poder realizar un diagnóstico extenso de las problemáticas principales identificadas, con el objetivo de crear un plan de trabajo para los siguientes alumnos que cursen este PAP y poco a poco resolver cada una de las problemáticas encontradas. A partir del diagnóstico, decidimos proponer un plan a corto, mediano y largo plazo, en las áreas de finanzas, mercadotecnia, administración y comercio; pues representaban las áreas que más requerían detenimiento y se encontraban dentro de nuestro alcance cronológico. El objetivo fue identificar los principales puntos débiles y a partir de estos crear estrategias de mejora con el fin de estructurar paulatinamente un colectivo sólido. Como aportación final se presentaron productos concretos con la finalidad de que ellas puedan empezar a visualizar de manera más aterrizada el camino que les sugerimos para que puedan lograr sus objetivos. Con dichos productos podrán visualizar y saber que acciones se deben tomar para avanzar con pasos sólidos y fundamentados.ITESO, A.C

Screening of antioxidant properties of the apple juice using the front-face synchronous fluorescence and chemometrics

Fluorescence spectroscopy is gaining increasing attention in food analysis due to its higher sensitivity and selectivity as compared to other spectroscopic techniques. Synchronous scanning fluorescence technique is particularly useful in studies of multi-fluorophoric food samples, providing a further improvement of selectivity by reduction in the spectral overlapping and suppressing light-scattering interferences. Presently, we study the feasibility of the prediction of the total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity using front-face synchronous fluorescence spectra of apple juices. Commercial apple juices from different product ranges were studied. Principal component analysis (PCA) applied to the unfolded synchronous fluorescence spectra was used to compare the fluorescence of the entire sample set. The regression analysis was performed using partial least squares (PLS1 and PLS2) methods on the unfolded total synchronous and on the single-offset synchronous fluorescence spectra. The best calibration models for all of the studied parameters were obtained using the PLS1 method for the single-offset synchronous spectra. The models for the prediction of the total flavonoid content had the best performance; the optimal model was obtained for the analysis of the synchronous fluorescence spectra at Delta lambda = 110 nm (R (2) = 0.870, residual predictive deviation (RPD) = 2.7). The optimal calibration models for the prediction of the total phenolic content (Delta lambda = 80 nm, R (2) = 0.766, RPD = 2.0) and the total antioxidant capacity (Delta lambda = 70 nm, R (2) = 0.787, RPD = 2.1) had only an approximate predictive ability. These results demonstrate that synchronous fluorescence could be a useful tool in fast semi-quantitative screening for the antioxidant properties of the apple juices.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio