Análisis del impacto de la edad en la respuesta al dolor en el tratamiento de las metástasis óseas dolorosas con radioterapia paliativa

[ES] Los recientes avances en los métodos de evaluación y diagnóstico, así como los progresos en el tratamiento de pacientes con tumores malignos, han repercutido en una mejoría en su expectativa de vida. Este aumento de la supervivencia ha dado lugar de forma paralela a un incremento en el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas. Se estima que en EEUU se diagnostican 1.2 millones de nuevos casos de cáncer al año. Entre el 50 y el 60%, es decir entre 600.000 y 780.000, presentarán metástasis óseas. Actualmente en nuestro país, el número de nuevos casos de cáncer es de 162.000 por año. Unos 52.000 corresponden a localizaciones primarias con una gran predisposición a metastatizar en hueso, siendo por orden de frecuencia en números absolutos de casos por año: pulmón, mama, próstata, riñón y tiroides. De entre estos últimos, alrededor del 75% presentarán metástasis óseas durante su evolución

Assessment of the photovoltaic potential at urban level based on 3D city models: A case study and new methodological approach

The use of 3D city models combined with simulation functionalities allows to quantify energy demand and renewable generation for a very large set of buildings. The scope of this paper is to determine the solar photovoltaic potential at an urban and regional scale using CityGML geometry descriptions of every building. An innovative urban simulation platform is used to calculate the PV potential of the Ludwigsburg County in south-west Germany, in which every building was simulated by using 3D city models. Both technical and economic potential (considering roof area and insolation thresholds) are investigated, as well as two different PV efficiency scenarios. In this way, it was possible to determine the fraction of the electricity demand that can be covered in each municipality and the whole region, deciding the best strategy, the profitability of the investments and determining optimal locations. Additionally, another important contribution is a literature review regarding the different methods of PV potential estimation and the available roof area reduction coefficients. An economic analysis and emission assessment has also been developed. The results of the study show that it is possible to achieve high annual rates of covered electricity demand in several municipalities for some of the considered scenarios, reaching even more than 100% in some cases. The use of all available roof space (technical potential) could cover 77% of the region’s electricity consumption and 56% as an economic potential with only high irradiance roofs considered. The proposed methodological approach should contribute valuably in helping policy-making processes and communicating the advantages of distributed generation and PV systems in buildings to regulators, researchers and the general public

Analysis of the economic feasibility and reduction of a building’s energy consumption and emissions when integrating hybrid solar thermal/PV/micro-CHP systems

The aim of this paper is to assess the performance of several designs of hybrid systems composed of solar thermal collectors, photovoltaic panels and natural gas internal combustion engines. The software TRNSYS 17 has been used to perform all the calculations and data processing, as well as an optimisation of the tank volumes through an add-in coupled with the GENOPT® software. The study is carried out by analysing the behaviour of the designed systems and the conventional case in five different locations of Spain with diverse climatic characteristics, evaluating the same building in all cases. Regulators, manufacturers and energy service engineers are the most interested in these results. Two major contributions in this paper are the calculations of primary energy consumption and emissions and the inclusion of a Life Cycle Cost analysis. A table which shows the order of preference regarding those criteria for each considered case study is also included. This was fulfilled in the interest of comparing between the different configurations and climatic zones so as to obtain conclusions on each of them. The study also illustrates a sensibility analysis regarding energy prices. Finally, the exhaustive literature review, the novel electricity consumption profile of the building and the illustration of the influence of the cogeneration engine working hours are also valuable outputs of this paper, developed in order to address the knowledge gap and the ongoing challenges in the field of distributed generation

Earnings Mobility in Argentina, Mexico, and Venezuela: Testing the Divergence of Earnings and the Symmetry of Mobility Hypotheses

This paper examines changes in individual earnings during positive and negative growth periods in three Latin American economies: Argentina, Mexico, and Venezuela. We ask whether those individuals who start in the best economic position are those who experience the largest earnings gains or the smallest earnings losses; this is the “divergent mobility” hypothesis. We also compare periods of positive economic growth with those of negative economic growth, asking whether those groups of individuals that experience large positive earnings gains when the economy is growing are the same as those that experience large earnings losses when the economy is contracting; this is the “symmetry of mobility” hypothesis. We find very occasional support for the divergent mobility hypothesis in scattered years in the cases of Mexico and Venezuela, and no support at all in the case of Argentina. Rather, earnings mobility is most frequently convergent or neutral in all three countries. As for the symmetry of mobility hypothesis, we find that it is rejected in most cases; rather, those groups that gain the most when the economy is growing are also the ones that gain the most when the economy is contracting. Furthermore, we explain how the absence of divergence is compatible with rising inequality in the countries under study

Income Mobility in Latin America

[Excerpt] In the last decades Latin American countries have experienced substantial macroeconomic instability. While the region as a whole experienced economic growth during most of the 1990’s and 2000’s, there were also years of stagnation as well as economic decline

El discurso periodístico sobre la mujer política en la prensa de referencia : la cobertura del nombramiento de las ministras de defensa de Chile, Argentina y España

En este trabajo se analiza cuáles son los marcos interpretativos sobre los que la prensa de referencia de Chile, Argentina y España, países en los que el empoderamiento político femenino ha sido especialmente significativo en los últimos años, construyen su discurso sobre las mujeres políticas. Se analiza, para ello, la construcción del mensaje mediático en tres casos que presentan similitudes en el escenario iberoamericano: la elección de Micheller Bachelet, Nilda Garré y Carme Chacón como primeras mujeres en desempeñar en cargo de ministra de Defensa en sus respectivos países. Se realiza un estudio de caso del enfoque que ofrece la prensa en una muestra compuesta por textos de información y opinión en los diarios de mayor tirada en los tres países: Clarín, La Nación y Página/12 en Argentina, El Mercurio en Chile y El País y El Mundo en España. Esta investigación permite conocer qué atributos se asocian a cada una de estas políticas en el discurso mediático y, entre todos enfoques, analiza la importancia concedida al género

Exposición a la densidad del tráfico y Metabolómica

Incluye: PDF de la presentación y video del seminario.Presentación de estudios relacionados con la exposición a la densidad del tráfico y Metabolómica, tiene por objetivo evaluar los posibles efectos de la proximidad residencial al tráfico rodado con enfermedades como la leucemia infantil o el bajo peso al nacer. Las conclusiones del estudio son: 1. Se observa una fuerte asociación de alta exposición a densidad de tráfico con cambios en ciertos patrones metabólicos que tradicionalmente se han relacionado con el desarrollo de condiciones crónicas graves en la población general. 2. Se requieren estudios prospectivos con mediciones longitudinales de los metabolitos que confirmen estos resultados, 3. Nuestros resultados apoyan que se necesitan intervenciones de salud pública para reducir las emisiones contaminantes y mitigar la carga de la enfermedad.N

Análisis del impacto de la edad en la respuesta al dolor en el tratamiento de las metástasis óseas dolorosas con radioterapia paliativa

[ES] Los recientes avances en los métodos de evaluación y diagnóstico, así como los progresos en el tratamiento de pacientes con tumores malignos, han repercutido en una mejoría en su expectativa de vida. Este aumento de la supervivencia ha dado lugar de forma paralela a un incremento en el diagnóstico de metástasis óseas. Se estima que en EEUU se diagnostican 1.2 millones de nuevos casos de cáncer al año. Entre el 50 y el 60%, es decir entre 600.000 y 780.000, presentarán metástasis óseas. Actualmente en nuestro país, el número de nuevos casos de cáncer es de 162.000 por año. Unos 52.000 corresponden a localizaciones primarias con una gran predisposición a metastatizar en hueso, siendo por orden de frecuencia en números absolutos de casos por año: pulmón, mama, próstata, riñón y tiroides. De entre estos últimos, alrededor del 75% presentarán metástasis óseas durante su evolución

An Economic, Energy, and Environmental Analysis of PV/Micro-CHP Hybrid Systems: A Case Study of a Tertiary Building

Our present standard of living depends strongly on energy sources, with buildings being a primary focus when it comes to reducing energy consumption due to their large contribution, especially in tertiary buildings. The goal of the present study is to evaluate the performance of two different designs of hybrid systems, composed of natural gas engines and photovoltaic panels. This will be done through simulations in TRNSYS, considering a representative office building with various schedules of operation (8, 12, and 24 h), as well as different climates in Spain. The main contributions of this paper are the evaluations of primary energy-consumption, emissions, and economic analyses for each scenario. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to observe the influence of energy prices, as well as that of the costs of the micro-CHP engines and PV modules. The results show that the scenario with the conventional system and PV modules is the most profitable one currently. However, if electricity prices are increased in the future or natural gas prices are reduced, the scenario with micro-CHP engines and PV modules will become the most profitable option. Energy service engineers, regulators, and manufacturers are the most interested in these results

Evaluation of the design of the AEdEm Programme for Emotional Education in Secondary Education

Las intervenciones sistemáticas en el ámbito de la educación emocional son un recurso cada vez más utilizado para facilitar entre los adolescentes la adquisición de competencias emocionales. La revisión realizada en este trabajo de dichas intervenciones muestra que la mayor parte de ellas adopta la forma de programas de expertos sin llegar a integrar sus actuaciones dentro del currículo escolar. El presente trabajo detalla la evaluación del diseño del programa de la asignatura de Educación Emocional -Programa AEdEm- (Sánchez Román y Sánchez Calleja, 2015), impartida como obligatoria en 1º y 2º de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) de un Instituto de Educación Secundaria. Este programa, persigue el desarrollo de las competencias emocionales siguiendo las aportaciones de autores como Bisquerra y Pérez-Escoda (2007) y Goleman (1995). La evaluación se ha llevado a cabo a través de la validación por jueces. Hemos contado con 10 docentes de diversas universidades españolas especializados en la materia, con el objetivo de conocer la racionalidad de la propuesta y la coherencia de sus componentes. Los criterios siguiendo las aportaciones de Osuna (2000) han sido: relevancia, pertinencia, adecuación, utilidad y viabilidad. Utilizando como instrumentos una escala de evaluación, para los cuatro primeros y el análisis de cuellos de botella, para el último. Los resultados muestran que el diseño del programa es válido, concretamente los expertos opinan del programa que es muy adecuado y bastante relevante, pertinente y útil.Systematic interventions in the field of emotional education are increasingly used to facilitate the acquisition of emotional skills among adolescents. The evaluation of such interventions in this study shows that most of them take the form of expert programmes, without their activities being integrated within the school curriculum. This paper presents an evaluation of the design of the Emotional Education course - AEdEm - (Sánchez Román & Sánchez Calleja, 2015), delivered as part of the 1st and 2nd year Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO) programme in a High School in Spain. The programme aims to develop emotional skills as defined in the work of authors such as Bisquerra & Pérez-Escoda (2007) and Goleman (1995). The evaluation was carried out using the process of validation by expert judges. We involved 10 lecturers from different Spanish universities all specializing in this field, with the aim of substantiating the rationality of the proposal and the coherence of its components. In accordance with the conclusions of Osuna (2000) we applied the criteria of: importance, relevance, appropriateness, usefulness and viability. The instruments we used for these criteria were an evaluation scale for the first four and bottleneck analysis for the final criterion. The results show that the design of the programme is valid, and experts say the programme is very appropriate and quite important, relevant and usefu