20,781 research outputs found
Physical consequences of PNP and the DMRG-annealing conjecture
Computational complexity theory contains a corpus of theorems and conjectures
regarding the time a Turing machine will need to solve certain types of
problems as a function of the input size. Nature {\em need not} be a Turing
machine and, thus, these theorems do not apply directly to it. But {\em
classical simulations} of physical processes are programs running on Turing
machines and, as such, are subject to them. In this work, computational
complexity theory is applied to classical simulations of systems performing an
adiabatic quantum computation (AQC), based on an annealed extension of the
density matrix renormalization group (DMRG). We conjecture that the
computational time required for those classical simulations is controlled
solely by the {\em maximal entanglement} found during the process. Thus, lower
bounds on the growth of entanglement with the system size can be provided. In
some cases, quantum phase transitions can be predicted to take place in certain
inhomogeneous systems. Concretely, physical conclusions are drawn from the
assumption that the complexity classes {\bf P} and {\bf NP} differ. As a
by-product, an alternative measure of entanglement is proposed which, via
Chebyshev's inequality, allows to establish strict bounds on the required
computational time.Comment: Accepted for publication in JSTA
The group of strong Galois objects associated to a cocommutative Hopf quasigroup
Let H be a cocommutative faithfully flat Hopf quasigroup in a strict
symmetric monoidal category with equalizers. In this paper we introduce the
notion of (strong) Galois H-object and we prove that the set of isomorphism
classes of (strong) Galois H-objects is a (group) monoid which coincides, in
the Hopf algebra setting, with the Galois group of H-Galois objects introduced
by Chase and Sweedler
Mercury and selenium binding biomolecules in terrestrial mammals (Cervus elaphus and Sus scrofa) from a mercury exposed area
Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (PCC-05-004-2, PAI06-0094, PCI-08-0096, PEII09-0032-5329) and the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CTQ2013-48411-P) for financial support. M.J. Patiño Ropero acknowledges the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha for her PhD. fellowship.Peer reviewedPostprin
Variational approach for walking solitons in birefringent fibres
We use the variational method to obtain approximate analytical expressions
for the stationary pulselike solutions in birefringent fibers when differences
in both phase velocities and group velocities between the two components and
rapidly oscillating terms are taken into account. After checking the validity
of the approximation we study how the soliton pulse shape depends on its
velocity and nonlinear propagation constant. By numerically solving the
propagation equation we have found that most of these stationary solutions are
stable.Comment: LaTeX2e, uses graphicx package, 23 pages with 8 figure
Organic Molecules in the Galactic Center. Hot Core Chemistry without Hot Cores
We study the origin of large abundances of complex organic molecules in the
Galactic center (GC). We carried out a systematic study of the complex organic
molecules CH3OH, C2H5OH, (CH3)2O, HCOOCH3, HCOOH, CH3COOH, H2CO, and CS toward
40 GC molecular clouds. Using the LTE approximation, we derived the physical
properties of GC molecular clouds and the abundances of the complex
molecules.The CH3OH abundance between clouds varies by nearly two orders of
magnitude from 2.4x10^{-8} to 1.1x10^{-6}. The abundance of the other complex
organic molecules relative to that of CH3OH is basically independent of the
CH3OH abundance, with variations of only a factor 4-8. The abundances of
complex organic molecules in the GC are compared with those measured in hot
cores and hot corinos, in which these complex molecules are also abundant. We
find that both the abundance and the abundance ratios of the complex molecules
relative to CH3OH in hot cores are similar to those found in the GC clouds.
However, hot corinos show different abundance ratios than observed in hot cores
and in GC clouds. The rather constant abundance of all the complex molecules
relative to CH3OH suggests that all complex molecules are ejected from grain
mantles by shocks. Frequent (similar 10^{5}years) shocks with velocities >6km/s
are required to explain the high abundances in gas phase of complex organic
molecules in the GC molecular clouds. The rather uniform abundance ratios in
the GC clouds and in Galactic hot cores indicate a similar average composition
of grain mantles in both kinds of regions. The Sickle and the Thermal Radio
Arches, affected by UV radiation, show different relative abundances in the
complex organic molecules due to the differentially photodissociation of these
molecules.Comment: 18 pages, 10 Postscript figures, uses aa.cls, aa.bst, 10pt.rtx,
natbib.sty, revsymb.sty revtex4.cls, aps.rtx and aalongtabl.sty. Accepted in
A&A 2006. version 2. relocated figures and tables. Language editor
suggestions. added reference
Universality class of the depinning transition in the two-dimensional Ising model with quenched disorder
With Monte Carlo methods, we investigate the universality class of the
depinning transition in the two-dimensional Ising model with quenched random
fields. Based on the short-time dynamic approach, we accurately determine the
depinning transition field and both static and dynamic critical exponents. The
critical exponents vary significantly with the form and strength of the random
fields, but exhibit independence on the updating schemes of the Monte Carlo
algorithm. From the roughness exponents and , one
may judge that the depinning transition of the random-field Ising model belongs
to the new dynamic universality class with
and . The crossover from the second-order phase transition
to the first-order one is observed for the uniform distribution of the random
fields, but it is not present for the Gaussian distribution.Comment: 16 pages, 16 figures, 3 table
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